着手承担的英文

turn up (声音)开大turn down （声音）关小turn on 打开turn off 关闭turn out 表明是turn left 左转turn right 右转turn a blind eye to 对……视而不见turn a cold shoulder to sb. 对某人冷淡；疏远某人turn a deaf ear to 不愿听turn a hand to 承担；着手做turn a somersault 翻筋斗turn about 转身；（使）转向；依次，轮流；反复思考turn against 敌视；反对turn an honest penny 用正当手段挣一点钱turn and rend 攻击turn and turn about 依次；轮流（尤指两者）turn aside 避开；转过脸去；撇开；使转变方向turn away 撵走；拒不接受；转身不看turn away from 对……感到厌恶turn back 停止向前；往回走；翻回到；重新提到；挡住turn down the thumb 贬低；反对turn from 对……感到厌恶turn green 变绿turn in 转身；上床睡觉；交出，上交；出卖turn inside out 翻出；彻底搜查turn into （使）变成；把……翻译成turn King's evidence 供出对同犯不利的证据

turn awayTo send away; dismiss:把…打发走；解雇：turned away the salesperson.解雇了推销员To repel:驱逐：The poor location of the condominium turned away many prospective buyers.公寓房偏僻的位置赶跑了许多很有希望的买主To avert; deflect:挡开；使转向：turned away all criticism.挡开了所有的批评turn backTo reverse one's direction of motion:折回，往回走：掉转某人的运动方向：stopped on the road and had to turn back.在公路上停了下来，只好往回走To drive back and away:使折回，赶回去：turned back the uninvited comers.把不速之客赶了回去To halt the advance of:使停止前进，挡住：managed to turn back the advancing army.设法挡住了向前推进的军队To fold down:翻起，折转：Turn back the corner of the page to save your place in the book.在书角上折一下来作读到哪里的记号turn downTo diminish the speed, volume, intensity, or flow of:降低，减弱：调低速度、音量、强度或流量：Turn down the radio, please.请把收音机的音量调低To reject or refuse, as a person, advice, or a suggestion:拒绝：拒绝某人、建议或忠告：We politely turned down the invitation.我们有礼貌地拒绝了邀请To fold or be capable of folding down:翻下：折转或能够被翻下：turn a collar down; a collar that turns down.翻下衣领；能翻下的衣领turn inTo hand in; give over:交还；上交：turned in the final exam.上交期末考试试卷To inform on or deliver:检举，陈述：The criminal turned herself in.罪犯自首了To produce:完成：turns in a consistent performance every day.每天的表现都很一致Informal To go to bed:【非正式用语】 上床睡觉：I turned in early last night.我昨晚很早就上床睡觉了turn offTo stop the operation, activity, or flow of; shut off:关闭，停止：终止运转、行为或流动；关掉：turned off the television.关掉电视Slang 【俚语】 To affect with dislike, displeasure, or revulsion:讨厌，厌恶：使不喜欢，讨厌或厌恶：That song really turns me off.我一点也不喜欢那首歌To affect with boredom:使厌烦：The play turned the audience off.这出戏让观众很倒味To lose or cause to lose interest; withdraw:失去或使失去兴趣；撤回：turning off to materialism.沦为实利主义To cease paying attention to:不注意：Unable to leave my seat, I turned off the boring speaker and thought about vacation.不能离开我的座位，我对那个令人厌烦的讲演者置之不理，开始考虑假期To divert; deflect.分散；转移Chiefly British To dismiss (an employee).【多用于英国】 解雇（员工）turn onTo cause to begin the operation, activity, or flow of:打开，开启：使开始运作、活动或流动：Turn on the light bulb.打开电灯To begin to display, employ, or exude:开始展示，显露出，流露出：turn on the charm.显露出魅力Slang 【俚语】 To take or cause to take a mind-altering drug, especially for the first time.开始或使开始吸毒，尤指第一次To be or cause to become interested, pleasurably excited, or stimulated. Often used with to : 使兴奋，使刺激：产生或使产生兴趣、兴奋或刺激。通常与to 连用： My uncle turned me on to jazz. She turned on to surfing this summer.我叔叔使我对爵士乐发生了兴趣。这个夏季她对滑水发生了兴趣To excite or become excited sexually.（使）激发性欲turn outTo shut off:关上，关掉：turned out the lights.关掉了灯To arrive or assemble, as for a public event or entertainment:聚集，召集：聚集或召集，如参加公众活动或娱乐：A large group of protesters have turned out.一大群抗议者聚集到了一起 To produce, as by a manufacturing process; make:生产：产出，如通过制作过程；制造：an assembly line turning out cars.生产小汽车的流水线 To be found to be, as after experience or trial:证实：发觉是，如经历或试验之后：The rookie turned out to be the best hitter on the team.新手证明是队里最出色的击球员To end up; result:结果；结果：The cake turned out beautifully.蛋糕最后做出来很漂亮To equip; outfit:装备；配置：troops that were turned out beautifully.装备精良的队伍Informal To get out of bed.【非正式用语】 起床To evict; expel:赶出；使搬走：The tenants were turned out.房客都被赶走了turn overTo bring the bottom to the top or vice versa; invert.翻转，翻过来：把底翻到上面或相反面；翻转To shift the position of, as by rolling from one side to the other.翻滚：改变位置，似乎通过从一边到另一边滚动To shift one's position by rolling from one side to the other.翻身：从一边滚向另一边改变位置To rotate; cycle:旋转；转动：The engine turned over but wouldn't start.发动机转了一圈，但是没有起动To think about; consider:考虑；思考：She turned over the problem in her mind.她仔细考虑了这个问题To transfer to another; surrender:移交；交出：turned over the illegal funds.交出了非法资金To do business to the extent or amount of:营业额达：turn over a million dollars a year.一年的营业额是一百万美元To seem to lurch or heave convulsively:翻动：似乎在痉挛性地抽动：My stomach turned over.我的胃在翻动turn toTo begin work:开始工作：If you quit dawdling and just turn to, the cleaning will be done in a day.如果你停止闲逛，马上开始工作，清洁工作一天就能做完turn upTo increase the speed, volume, intensity, or flow of:开大，调高：增加速度、音量，强度或流量：turn up the public-address system.调高播音系统的音量To find:发现，找到：She turned up the missing papers under her blotter.她在记事本下找到了丢失的文件To be found:找到：The papers will turn up sooner or later.文件迟早会找到的To make an appearance; arrive:出现；到达：Several old friends turned up at the reunion.好几个老朋友出现在聚会上To fold or be capable of folding up:折叠：折叠或能够被折叠：turning up his cuffs; cuffs that will turn up.卷起自己的袖口；卷起来的袖口 To happen unexpectedly:意外地发生：Something turned up and I was unable to go.发生了一点意外，我不能离开To be evident:变得明显：Her name constantly turns up in art circles.她的名字经常出现在艺术圈里at every turnIn every place; at every moment.处处；时时 by turnsOne after another; alternately:轮流地，交替地：“From the . . . testimony emerges a man by turns devious and honest, vulgar and gallant, scatterbrained and shrewd”(Life)“从指证来看，一个人交替地表现为狡猾和诚实，粗鄙和豪侠，浮躁和精明”(生活)in turnIn the proper order or sequence.依次地，轮流地out of turnNot in the proper order or sequence.未按照正当的次序或顺序地At an inappropriate time or in an inappropriate manner:不合时宜地，轻率地：I may be speaking out of turn, but you might like to know that your attire does not conform to the dress code here.或许我说话有些不合时宜，但是你可能愿意知道你的衣着与这里的服装规则不相符to a turnTo a precise degree; perfectly:正好；恰好：The roast was done to a turn.面包烤得恰到好处turn a blind eyeTo refuse to see or recognize something:熟视无睹：拒绝正视，装作没看见：turned a blind eye to government corruption.对于政府的腐败熟视无睹turn a deaf earTo refuse to listen to or hear something:置若罔闻，装作没听见：turned a deaf ear to the protests.对抗议置若罔闻turn a hairTo become afraid or upset:慌张，不安：变得慌张或不安：didn't turn a hair during the bank robbery.在抢劫银行发生的过程中，没有露出丝毫慌张的神色turn (one's) back onTo deny; reject.拒绝；放弃To abandon; forsake.抛弃；丢弃 turn (one's) handTo apply oneself, as to a task:着手：从事，如一项工作：turned her hand to writing the dissertation; was lazy and wouldn't turn his hand.开始着手写学术论文；很懒，不肯开始工作turn (one's) headTo cause to become infatuated.使变得糊涂To cause to become egotistical and conceited:使变得自负，自高大自：Success has turned his head.成功使他变得自高自大turn over a new leafTo change, as one's attitude or conduct, for the better.改过一新：向好的方面转变，如自己的态度成举止turn tailTo run away.逃跑，逃走turn the corner或turn a cornerTo reach and surpass a midpoint or milestone.到达并超越了终点或里程碑turn the other cheekTo respond to insult or injury by patiently eschewing retaliation.逆来顺受：以忍耐对待侮辱和伤害turn the scalesTo offset the balance of a situation.打破僵局：打破某一形式的平衡状态turn the tablesTo reverse a situation and gain the upper hand.转败为胜：扭转了局势而处于上风turn turtleTo capsize or turn upside-down:倾覆，底朝天翻转：Our sailboat turned turtle during the squall.在风暴中我们的帆船翻了个底朝天turn up (one's) noseTo regard (something) with disdain or scorn:轻视，看不起：不把…放在眼里，蔑视：turned up her nose at the food.她对食物嗤之以鼻

1、assume

v.假设；臆断；承担；就；呈现；具有；假装；僭取；夺取

2、take on

承担，接受（尤指艰巨工作或重大责任）;呈现，显出（新面貌或新特点）;（公共汽车、船舶等）上（客），装（货），补充（燃料）；雇用，录用；与（尤指实力比自己强的人）较量；接受…的挑战；擅自决定；自作主张

3、shoulder

n.肩；肩膀；肩胛；肩状物；上背部；山肩；谷肩；肩背

v.肩扛；肩挑；用肩推；肩负；用肩推挤

4、undertake

v.着手做；开创；承担；接受；保证；承诺；同意；答应

turn on 打开turn off 关闭

to undertake activities的中文翻译是开展活动

重点词汇：undertake

词语分析：

音标：英 [ˌʌndəˈteɪk]   美 [ˌʌndərˈteɪk]

vt. 担任, 承揽; 保证；着手, 开始

短语：

undertake to 保证; 从事; 同意; 试图;

undertake laps of honor 绕场一周向观众致意

例句：

He undertook to be here at five.

他答应五点钟到这里来。

The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.

这律师免费承办那个案件。

They have undertaken a reappraisal of pupils’ needs.

他们已经开始重新评价学生的需要。

近义词：

vt. 承担，保证；从事；同意；试图 accept，pursue，address，try，offer