英语基本句型讲解

英语基本句式详解

想要学好英语怎么能不知道这些基本句式呢?下面就让我为大家详解一下吧。

从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，

1.S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)(谓)

Time flies.

1) S + V + adverbial(状语)

Birds sing beautifully.

2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)

He went on holiday.

3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)

We stopped to have a rest.

4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词)

I'll go swimming.

2. S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)

We like English.

1) S + VT + N/Pron

I like music.

I like her.

2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式)

I want to help him.

常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise,

propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive

I don't know what to do.

常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn,

observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

4) S + VT + Gerund

I enjoy living here.

常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss,

practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

5) S + VT + That-clause

I don't think (that) he is right.

常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得)

, hear(听说), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(当心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see

(看出)，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪)。

3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表)

We are Chinese.

除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

2) 表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。

4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,

hang等。

1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)

He is a boy.

This is mine.

2) S + Lv + Adj(形容词)

She is beautiful.

3) S + Lv + Adv (副词)

Class is over.

4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase

He is in good health. 5) S + Lv + Participle(分词)

He is excited.

The film is interesting.

4. S (主)+ VT (谓)+ In O(间接 宾) + D O(直接 宾)

I give you help.

1) S + VT + N/Pron + N I sent him a book.

I bought May a book. 2) S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase

He sent a book to me.

He bought a coat for me.

间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do(带来)， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,

pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，

save, sing, spare等。

5. S (主)+ VT(谓)+ O(宾) + O C(宾补)

I make you clear. 1) S + VT + N/Pron + N

We named our baby Tom.

常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj

He painted the wall white.

常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,

want, wash, wipe, wish等。

3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase

She always keeps everything in good order.

4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive

I wish you to stay.

I made him work

常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的.词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,

expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,

teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,

notice, see, watch等。

5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (分词)

I heard my name called. I feel something moving.

常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,

observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive

He show me how to do it.

常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。

7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause

He told me that the film was great.

常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。

S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause

He asked me what he should do.

常用于这句型的动词有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.

英语基本句型介绍

英语句型有很多种，纷繁复杂的句型常常难倒一票英语学习者。下面是我为大家整理了英语基本句型介绍，希望能帮到大家！

句子的种类

（一）根据结构划分：

①简单句：（5种基本句型）

S+Vi（主+谓）

S+V系+ P (主+谓+表)

S+Vt+O（主+谓+宾）

S+Vt+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）

S+Vt+O+OC（主+谓+宾+宾补）

②并列句and, but, or

（二）根据功能划分 ：

陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句，疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句等）

二 . 简单句的基本句型介绍：

1. 基本句型 一：主 + 谓 = S + V i （主＋不及物动词）

主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。

谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。

不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，此句型的句子有一个共同特点：即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的.意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

2. 基本句型 二： S + V系 + P （主＋系＋表）

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。

3. 基本句型 三： S + V t + O （主＋及物＋宾）

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。

4. 基本句型 四： S + V t + IO + DO （主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 这两个宾语通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。

5. 基本句型 五：S + V t + O + OC（主＋及物＋宾＋宾补）

此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。

宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语等。