被控变量和应答变量; 或译成自变量和因变量; manipulated variable:the variable that is deliberately changed. 过程内要求保持设定数值(接近恒值或按预定规律变化或随某变量而变化)的物理量,称之为被控变量.例如加热器出口温度、气包水位和反应器温度等. responding variable:the variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable. 观察变量,根据因变量变化的变量. 简单点说:Manipulated variable:设定的变量;responding variable相应变化的变量. Manipulated variable又作X variable,responding variable又作Y variable. 即设定变量X,变量Y随之变化