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放假之前，班级里说得沸沸扬扬的支教活动到底还是因为这样那样的原因没有能够成行，说起来还蛮遗憾的。可是学校里有实践的任务，集体的不行，个人的总还要去啊。其实在高中每个暑假也有类似的表格发下来，那些时候因为作业多自己也懒，都没有去的，常常就是盖个章，胡乱地写点感想就交差了。这一次，我想去认真实践一下。可是，事实上，我还是不够有勇气，不会去人生地不熟的地方，所以去了爸爸单位一楼大厅的政务受理中心。不过，那里对我来说，一开始真的是个陌生的地方。我爸对我蛮严格的，我坐在正对大门的地方，爸爸进门来却几乎不和我打招呼，说话也是讲些要好好听话之类的。想到之前要求爸爸让我去没有熟人的地方，因为我不想被照顾，不想只是去观望观望却不能做什么。当我真正去受理中心的时候，第一个感觉是：好盲目啊~真的。 看到那些名目繁多的受理单躺在打印机的纸盒里，还有一沓一沓用回行针和方便夹夹住的单子，我真的很迷茫。第一天学习了最理论的东西，那些受理需要的时间就把我的脑子给弄乱掉了。7个，10个，15个还是20个工作日，我完全都弄不清楚，而那些需要审的证件，执照，证书，我也完全看不懂。看着叔叔阿姨在忙来忙去的，都很熟练，我觉得自己挺没用的呢。 爸爸之前说的是要我做力所能及的事，但是我发现，需要做的事情很多，但却都是我力所不能及的。我要开始学。是后来受理中心真的太忙了，也是我实在太没有事做就对不起来实践的那么10天了，吴阿姨开始教我做简单的工作啦。 开发票。忽忽，幸好还记得从1到10的中文大写。发现其实开始学了也不难，只是我开票的速度好慢，不过终于有事可以做，没有想过开一张发票也可以让自己有成就感的。哈哈~ 打电话。那些退件是需要通知申请人他的申请或是其他什么有不合理的地方被退回了。我打的第一个电话，和对方讲了半天的船名，他就是不懂，后来才发现是拨错了一个号码。怎么会这么失败，打个电话都出错，难道说是紧张，忽忽。虽然是这样，对一个完全不认识的人打电话对我来说也很新鲜啦。、 审批单。文字输入就应该简单很多吧？结果居然不是。平常聊Q的时候还感觉自己打字蛮快的咧~没想到，碰到那些希奇古怪的姓名和船名还有住址的时候，智能ABC真的很不管用，每个字都要挑，就慢得要命，怪不得叔叔阿姨用的都是五笔。真是有实践才知道需要什么诶~我就说嘛，智能ABC和五笔，就好象是自由泳和蛙泳，不在一个速度。诶，好好练打字。 送材料。这个应该是最简单的了，只要跑去楼上215就行，发觉自己每天跑上跑下也蛮开心，能做简单的事情也好啊~对吧。 我还登记过其他的单子，可怜我连名字都叫不上来，也签过字的，虽然都不是自己的名字，也够过瘾了啦~ 刚开始日子挺难熬的，因为我什么都不会，后来就好了，有事做就不觉得时间过得慢。在这10天里，除了做了简单的工作以外，也见到了形形色色的人。过得还蛮不错的。大家对我挺满意的，当然啦，他们会有鼓励我的成分嘛忽忽。

一看就是毕业论文~！！！！Engineering cost management Project cost control emphasis should be transferred to the project construction early days, is transferred to the project decision and design Project cost control in construction projects throughout the entire process, the key lies in the pre construction investment decision-making with design phase, whereas in the investment decision is made, the key lies in According to expert analysis: architectural design, in the preliminary design stage, design stage, construction design stage to the engineering effect were 75% ~ 95%, 35% ~ 75%, 5% ~ 35%; while in the construction phase, through the optimization of construction organization design, construction cost saving the possibility of only 5% to 10% We should put the focus shifted to the design stage, in order to get twice the result with half the Pay attention to the technical and economic optimization The combination of technology with economy is most effective way to control engineering China engineering fields for a long time did not do The lack of technical personnel economy idea, design thought is conservative, the design of the outcome of the economy are not fully Therefore, we should solve the problem is to improve economic efficiency as the goal, in the construction process, organization, technology and economy organic ground union Through the economic analysis, comparative study and effect evaluation, correct processing of advanced technology and reasonable in economy between the relation of unity of opposites, strive to advanced technology under the conditions of economic rational, reasonable in economy based on advanced Carry out "limitation is designed" To be consciously put the application of value engineering to the specific design, actively promote quota design in engineering design contract, by way of This has been proven in practice is an effective way, it is not only an economic problem, more precisely a technical and economic This "limitation is designed" to effectively control the project In order to make the "limitation is designed" to achieve the desired objectives, should be involved in the design personnel must be experienced skilled economic Their design results must be practical, advanced and reasonable Control of engineering cost on the other hand is the need for comparison, because the outcome is a process of gradual improvement, and not to decide, so the comparison is a measure of its practical, advanced and economical Do good project cost control in the ( 1) compilation of economic and feasible construction Before construction, construction enterprises should be combined with the construction drawings and the actual situation at the scene, their mechanical equipment, construction experience, the management level and technical specification acceptance criteria, a set of practical and feasible construction The construction scheme is engineering implementation of the programme of ( 2) to technical personnel, materials, machinery and personnel staff communication and In the process of construction, construction technology, materials and mechanical personnel should cooperate closely, understand each other, to management as the core, to reduce costs for the purpose ( 3) to the project completion Strict supervision Control project cost effectively, in the early phase of the project shall be subject to supervision (including cost management ) Through analyzing the design process of supervision, make the design more reasonable, cost control to limit the scope of, accomplish truly with the smallest investment maximize Strict supervision Control project cost effectively, in the early phase of the project shall be subject to supervision (including cost management ) Through analyzing the design process of supervision, make the design more reasonable, cost control to limit the scope of, accomplish truly with the smallest investment maximize To establish and perfect the independent project cost advisory body, cultivate a Zhi De have both engineering To establish a real sense of independent engineering cost consulting Through improving the laws and regulations, normative behavior, separate government functions from enterprise management, the establishment of independent business partnership, share-holding system, the limited responsibility system and other forms of organization, an industry-based, diversified services integrated project consulting company, build and development and reform the engineering cost intermediary service institutions, make construction project management of a gradual transition by an independent specialized agency in charge of project cost whole process tracking management, truly between owner and contractor plays an intermediary To strengthen engineering cost consulting industry association construction, establish project cost consulting industry self-discipline mechanism, and constantly improve the Engineering Cost Association in engineering cost consulting industry status, to be truly representative of the interests of the majority of the industry practitioners, government and enterprises to become connection link and the At the same time to strengthen the project cost specialty in higher education and in service As a result of project cost management in construction projects and various economic interests are closely related, and the whole social economic activities play a very important role, it requires the cost engineering technical personnel should have different levels of knowledge, in addition to their professional knowledge and have a deep understanding, also deal with the design content, design process, construction technology, project management, economic laws and regulations have a comprehensive understanding Therefore, the project cost management, project cost per unit of society groups, has already obtained a cost engineer qualification personnel, in order to carry out plan, has the goal, multiple levels of continuing education and training, to understand and master Chinese bilateral agreements with countries project cost technology, regulations, management system and its development trend, to expand domestic and foreign exchanges, and actively participate in international or regional engineering activities, improve their professional quality, so that the current practitioners in intelligent structure, theory and working experience three aspects can meet the needs of engineering cost Cost engineering professionals need to strengthen their own learning, in addition to the professional knowledge to upgrade, should also work in combination with a broad understanding and master the relevant engineering and technical expertise, educational organizations and industry regulatory bodies constitute a complete education system, so as to the field of engineering senior talent development to create good