无接触英文

英语中有关上下方位的介词1. above, over都可表示“在…之上”。above一般表示“在上面，高于”，不一定垂直； over表示在…正 上方,强调垂直在…之上。A big apple hangs over me.在我的头顶上悬挂着一只大苹果。over表示垂直在…之上There are many apples hanging above me.在我的上方悬挂着很多苹果。above，在…之上，不一定垂直2. above只表示上下位置，而over则表示“越过，通过”以及“笼罩，盖起来”或 “遍及全面”的意思。The sun rose above the horizon.太阳升过地平线上了。above，在…之上，指上下位置The sun shone over the valley.阳光普照山谷。over，笼罩，遍及全面3. below, under, beneath皆可表示在…之下。below表示非垂直并不与表面接触的下方；under表示垂直并不与表面接触的下方；beneath表示在某物之下，几乎接触或接近。There is a lake below the mountain.此山下有个湖。below，在…之下（非垂直）I want to have a rest under the tree.我想在树下休息一会儿。under表示（垂直）在…之下I found an ant beneath the rock.我在岩石下找到了一只蚂蚁。beneath，在…之下（几乎接触）4. 总结：above（在…上）与below（在…下）在意义上是相对的，相同点是，两者都表示物体位置上或下不垂直的关系； over（在…上）与under（在…下）在意义上是相对的，相同点是，两者都表示物体位置上或下垂直的关系。有个动画 表示上下方位的介词

in在…里面 on 在…上面 （接触的） under在…下面above 在…上面（正上方） below 在…下面 behind 在…后面 in front of在．．．前面（指的是一个整体在另一个整体的前面）in the front of 在．．．前面（指的是在某个整体的前面）beside 在…旁边 ，在…附近 near 接近，临近next to在．．．旁边outside在．．．外面opposite在…的对面

艺术体操术语AAbrupt interruption of the music 突然中断 Absence 缺少 Absence of a formation 缺少一个队形 Absence of balance 缺乏平衡 Absence of contact 无接触 Absence of harmony 不和谐 Absence of unity 缺乏一致性 Absence of variety 缺乏多样 Acrobatic 技巧动作 Acrobatic elements 技巧动作 Active bounces 主动拍球 Aesthetic 美的 A "grasped" ball 抓球 A knot in the rope 绳打结 Alteration of the formation 队形改变 Alteration of the pattern formed by the ribbon 带的图形改变 Alteration of the trajectory 改变抛物线 Amplitude 幅度 Ankle 踝 A position on the floor 地上一个姿势 Apparatus 器械 Apparatus balanced on one part of the body 器械在身体某一部位的平衡 Apparatus held 持器械 Apparatus held for a long time 长时间持器械 Apparatus do not conform to the specifications 器械不合规格 Appropriate symbols 正确符号 Arabesque 阿拉贝斯 Arch jump 挺身跳 Arms too far apart during the mills 小五花时手臂距离过大 Artistic Value 艺术值 A series of tosses 一串小抛 Aside from hands 除手以外 A spirit of cooperation 合作精神 "Assisted rolls" 有帮助的滚动 Assistant Judge 辅助裁判 Asymmetric movements 不对称动作 Asymmetric throw and catches 不对称的抛和接 At the end of the exercise 动作结束时 At the horizontal 在水平位置 Attitude 阿提丢 BBack bend of the trunk 体后屈 Back splits 后劈腿 Back splits without help 无帮助后劈腿 Backward 向后 Balance 平衡 Balance on one knee 单膝支撑的平衡 Ball 球 Ball held against the forearm 球靠在前臂上 Base score 基础分 Basic characteristics 特征 Basic composition 基本编排 Basic technique 基本技术 Be coordinated with the apparatus 与器械相结合 Behind the back 在背后 Being in suspension 悬空 Below horizontal 水平以下 Below the leg(s) 腿下 Body movement elements 动作要素 Boomerang roll (roll with return ) 倒滚圈 Boomerang throws 拉带抛 Broken apparatus 器械断裂 Butterfly 蝴蝶跳 CCabriole 羚羊跳 Cartwheels 侧手翻 Catch 接 Catches of large throws 接大抛的器械 Catch on the floor 在地上接 Catch the ball with 2 hands 双手接球 Change of planes 面的改变 Change of support 改变支撑 Character of apparatus 器械特点 Chinese Gymnastic Association 中国体操协会 Choice of apparatus elements 器械动作的选择 Choice of body movements 身体动作的选择 Choice of elements 动作选择 Choice of music 音乐的选择 Choreography 舞蹈 Choreographic elements 舞蹈动作 Circles 绕环 Closing Ceremony 闭幕式 Clubs 棒 Code of points 评分规则 Collaboration among the gymnasts 运动员间的合作 Collision between the apparatus 器械相撞 Collision between the gymnasts 运动员相撞 Combination of difficulties 联合难度 Competition 比赛 Competition for Groups Exercises 集体赛 Competition for Individuals Exercises 个人赛 Competition Hall 比赛馆 Competition schedule 比赛时间表 Compulsory body movements required for each apparatus 各项器械所规定的身体动作组 Connection 连接 Contact with the apparatus 接触器械 Contact with the arm 接触上臂 Contact with the forearm 接触前臂 Contraction 紧张 Co-ordination 协调性 Correctness 准确性 "Cossack" jumps or leaps "哥萨克" Criteria 标准 Crossed arms 双臂交叉 DDegree of faults 失误程度 Diameter 直径 Dibble(bounce) 拍（弹） Different movements 不同的动作 Different plane and direction 不同面和方向 Different planes 不同的面 Different position 不同姿态 Different types of throw 不同类型的抛 Difficulties with exchange of apparatus 器械交换难度 Difficulties with left hand 左手难度 Directions 方向 Direct passing 直接过渡 Discipline of coaches 教练员纪律 Discipline of the gymnasts 运动员纪律 Dress of gymnasts 运动员服装 Dress of judge 裁判服 During a jump/leap 跳的过程中 During the catch of the apparatus 接器械的过程中 During the exercise 动作过程中 During the flight of the apparatus 器械飞行过程中 During the throw 抛的过程中 Dynamics 动力性 EEach additional half-turn 每增加180度转体Each additional rotation 每个附加的转体Each time 每次 Elegance 优美性 Elements of collaboration 合作动作Elements over the hoop 圈上动作 Entry 入场 Evaluation of exercises 评分 Events 项目 Exchanges by throwing 抛的交换 Exchange difficulties 交换难度 Exchange difficulties with combinations 联合交换难度 Exchanges by throws 抛交换 Execution 完成 Execution faults 完错错误 Execution in "canon" 以"轮唱"方式完成Execution in rapid succession 快速连续完成Exercises without apparatus 徒手动作 Expression 表现力 FFederation International de Gymnastique 国际体操联合会 Feet caught in the hoop 脚碰圈 Feet caught in the rope 脚碰绳 Figure eights 8字 Finals 决赛 Finals by apparatus 单项决赛 Finishing position 结束动作 Flexibility 柔韧 Flexion of the trunk 躯干弯曲 "Flip overs" 翻转 Floor Area 场地 Foot higher than the head 脚高过头 Formations 队形 Forward 向前 Forward or backward rolls 前后滚翻 Forward or backward walkovers or cartwheels 前后软翻/侧手翻 Fouette 浮埃迪 Four Continents RG Championships 四大洲艺术体操锦标赛 Free rolls 自由滚动 Free rotations 自由转动 Front bend of the trunk 体前器屈 Front splits with back bend of the trunk 踹燕 Fundamental groups 基本组 GGeneral Competition 预赛 General criteria 一般标准 General impression 总体印象 Generalities 总则 Good amplitude 幅度大 Grip 握法 Group Exercises 集体动作 Group work 团体动作 Guiding idea 主题思想 Gymnastic quality 体操特点 Gymnasts 运动员 HHandling 运用 Head touching the leg 头触腿 Holding the clubs by the body 持棒体 Holding the clubs by the head 持棒头 Holding the clubs by the neck 持棒颈 Hoop 圈 Horizontal 水平 Horizontal axis 水平轴 IIllusion 伊柳辛 Illusion backwards 向后伊柳辛 Immediate retrieval 立即捡回 Immobility 静止状态 Imprecise planes or directions 面和方向不准确 Imprecise trajectory 抛物线不准确 In all directions 所有方向 In an unstable position 在不稳定平衡位置Incomplete movement 动作不完全 Incomplete roll over the body 在身上的不完全滚动Incomplete rotation 不完全转体 In connection with the apparatus 与器械相结合 Incorrect catch 接法不正确 Incorrect execution technique 完成技术不正确 Incorrect handling 运用不正确 Incorrect roll with bounce 滚动不正确有跳动 Individual all-around competition 个人全能赛 In flight 飞行中 Insufficient 不足 Insufficient amplitude 幅度不充分 Insufficient difficult 难度不足 Insufficient difficulties of exchange 交换难度不足 Insufficient handling of the apparatus 器械运用不充分 Intermediary step 中间步 International Tournament (Competition) 国际比赛 Interruption 中断 Invalid difficulties 无效难度 Involuntary contact 无意接触 Involuntary wrapping 无意缠身 Inward 向内 Isolated difficulties 单独难度 J"Jete" with a turn 反跨跳 "Jete" with ring(+leg) 反跨跳结环 Judge 裁判 Judge Procedures 裁判程序 Judge with FIG Brevet 持有国际体联证书的裁判 Jump or leap above a partner 从同伴身上跳过 Jump over the hoop 从圈上跳过 Jumps and leaps 大跳 Jumps/leaps into the rope 过绳大跳 Juries 仲裁 KKick the hoop 踢圈 Knot with interruption in the exercise 打结并中断动作 Knot without interruption in the exercise 打结但未中断动作 LLack of height 缺乏高度 Large roll 长距离滚动 Large throws 大抛 Large traveling 长距离移动 Leap difficulty with double turn of the rope 双摇跳 Leaps in the rope 大跳过绳 Leaving the floor area 出界 Leg high up 高举腿 Leg high up front or sideways or back 向前、侧、后高举腿Leg high up in ring position 向后高举腿结环 Leg in ring position 腿在结环位置 Legs high up 双腿高举 Length 长度 Levels 水平 Line judges 视线员 Long stop in a formation 一个队形停留时间长 Loops or waves insufficiently tight 环和波浪不紧凑 Loops or waves not of the same amplitude 环和波浪幅度不同 Loss 掉地 Loss and retrieval of the apparatus 器械掉地并捡起 Loss of apparatus 失去器械 Loss of apparatus during the difficulty 在难度过程中失去器械 Loss of balance 失去平衡 Loss of rhythm 失去节奏 MMajor fault 严重错误 Making the catch easier 使接法变得容易 Mark of composition 编排分 Mark for execution 完成分 Master judge (or head judge) 裁判长 Mastery 熟练性 Material 材料 Medium fault 明显错误 Mills 小五花 Mixed difficulty 混合难度 Modes 方式 Monotony of music 音乐单调 Music 音乐 Musical accompaniment 音乐伴奏 Musical introduction 音乐前奏 Multiple exchanges 复合交换 Musical composition 音乐编排 Musical introduction 音乐前奏 NNational team 国家队 Non aesthetic elements 不美的动作 Non-compulsory body movement 非必须的身体动作组 Non-valid difficulties 无效难度 Not visibly held 无明显停顿 Novel isolated difficulty 新难度 Novel relationship 新关系 Number of difficulties 难度数量 OOf different types and levels 不同类型和水平Official Championships for Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操正式比赛Official forms 正式表格 Of the same type and level 同种类型和水平 On a part of the body 在身体的一部分 One difficulty 一个难度 One leg over the other bent 一腿弯曲在另一腿上 One leg over the other stretched 一腿伸直在另一腿上 On the chest 胸部支撑 On the floor 在地上 On the hand 在手上 On the knee 跪平衡 On the stomach 腹部支撑 Opening Ceremony 开幕式 Open rope held by both hands 双手持绳 Originality 独创性 Other groups 其它组 Outside the visual field 视线外 Outward 向外 Over the body 在身上 Overuse 过多运用 PPassé 巴塞 Passing of the boundary of floor area by the gymnast 运动员出界 Passing on the floor 通过地面 Passing through a partner 从同伴身上通过 Passing through the hoop 从圈中穿过 Passing twice through the apparatus 两次穿过器械 Passing with splits 经过劈腿 Passive bounces 被动拍球 Penalization 判罚 Penalties 扣分 Pike jump 屈体跳 Pivots 转体 Pivots with small hops 小跳转体 Pre-acrobatic elements 近似技巧动作 Present a risk 有惊险动作 Primary technique 基本技术 Prohibited elements 禁用动作 Protest 抗议 Provisional 条文 RRebound (kick back) of the stick of the ribbon 反弹（踢回）带棍 Rebounds 反弹 Relationship and collaboration among the gymnasts 运动员之间的联系和合作Relationship between the gymnasts 运动员之间的关系 Relaxation 放松 Repetition 重复 Repetition of exercises 重做 Replacement apparatus 替换器械 Reserve gymnasts 替补运动员 Rethrows 连抛 Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操（韵律体操） Ribbon 带 Ring leap 结环跳 Roll in a circle 圆圈滚动 Rolls 滚动 Rolls on the floor 地上滚动 Rope 绳 Rope folded in 2 双折绳 Rotation 旋转 Rotations of the rope 转动绳 S"Sails" 帆 Scissors leap 剪式跳 Scissors with a turn 剪式跳转体180度Series of a minimum of 5 bounces 一组拍球，至少5次 Series of mills 一串五花 Series of small throws 一组小抛 Series of snakes on different planes 一组在不同面上的蛇 Series of spirals on different planes 一组在不同面上的螺 Shape 形状 Shape of the rope 绳的图形 Shape fixed and well defined 姿态准确固定 Short traveling 短距离移动 Side splits without help 无帮助侧劈腿 Skipping on the rope 小跳过绳 Skips and hops 小跳（单、双脚） Skips/hops into the rope 过绳小跳 Sliding movements 滑动动作 Sliding on the arm 滑到上臂 Sliding onto the forearm 滑到前臂 Slow turn 慢转 Small circles 小绕环 Small fault 轻微错误 Small or medium throws 小抛或中抛 Small tosses ("echappers ") 小抛 Snakes 蛇形 Sound signal 声音信号 Special artistic characteristics 特殊艺术性 Speed 速度 Spinning 旋转 Spinning movements with the ball 旋转球 Spiral pivot 螺旋转体 Spirals 螺形 Split leap 跨跳 Split leap with bent leg 屈腿交换腿跳 Split leap with legs stretched 直腿交换腿跳 Splits 劈腿 Stag leap 鹿跳 Stag leap with ring 鹿跳结环 Starting position 开始动作 Static apparatus 器械静止 Stick 棍 Straddle jump 分腿屈体跳 Style 风格 Successive leaps 连续跳 Summary table 总结表 Support 支撑 Support leg bending progressively 支撑腿逐渐弯曲Support leg bent 支撑腿弯曲 Support leg from bent to stretched 支撑腿从弯曲到伸直Support on the forearm 前臂支撑 Swing 摆动 Synchronization and harmony 和谐一致性 TTake off from both feet 双脚起跳 Tapping 敲击 TC 技术委员会 Technical faults 技术错误 Technical movements 技术动作 Technical value 技术值 Technique 技术 Technique with apparatus 器械技术 Temperament 个性 The balance position has been fixed 平衡姿势已经固定The distance 距离 The end of the ribbon stays on the floor 带尾拖地 The level of the exchange 交换的水平 The majority of the gymnasts 大多数运动员 The same movements 相同的动作 The value of the difficulties without exchange无交换难度的值 The vertical axis of the apparatus 器械的垂直轴 The vertical axis of the body 身体的垂直轴 Throughout the duration of the balance difficulty 在平衡难度持续的过程中Throw 抛 Throw with another apparatus 用另一个器械抛 Throw with rotation(s) 带旋转的抛 Thrusts 预摆 Toes 足尖 "Tonneau" 多努转体 Toss of one end 小抛绳的一端 Total body wave 全身波浪 Trajectory 抛物线 Traveling 移动 Trip turn of the rope 三摇跳 Trunk at the horizontal 上体水平 Trunk bent backwards 上体前屈 Trunk bent forward 上体前屈 Tuck jump 团身跳 Turn 转体 Turn and leap(Jete with a turn) 反跨跳 Turn of the trunk 转体 Turn of the whole body 整个身体转体 Two consecutive boomerang throws 两个连续的拉带抛 UUnauthorized acrobatic elements 不允许的技巧动作 Uncrossed arms 双臂不交叉 "Unit" 单元 Unstable balance position 不稳定平衡位置 Use of the floor area 场地使用 Use of the replacement apparatus 使用替换器械 VValue of the difficulties 难度值 Value of the movements 动作价值 Variety 多样化 Various methods of traveling 各种移动 Vertical 垂直 Vertical jump 垂直跳 Very brief 非常短 Vibrations 颤动 Voluntary stops 有意停顿 WWalkover 软翻 Wave 波浪 Weight 重量 With "choral" execution 以"合唱"方式完成With collaboration in execution 以合作方式完成 With "contrasting" execution 以"对比"方式完成With interruption in the exercise 动作中断 Without connection with the apparatus 与器械无联系 Without heel support 无脚跟支撑 Without help of hands 不用手 Without intermediary heel support 无中间脚跟支撑 Without physical contact 无身体接触 Without risk 无惊险动作 Without step 无中间步 With physical contact 有身体接触 With ring 结环 With synchronized execution 一致完成 With the help of the body 用身体帮助 With the help of one hand 用身体帮助 With/without help 有/无帮助 World championships for RG 世界锦标赛 Wrapping 缠绕

in 在……里面behind 在……后面before 在……前面on 在……上面under 在……下面at 在……地点