小学英语句型讲解

小学英语70个必备重点句型

句型的学习对于小学英语来说，是个重点知识，很多小学生都不能很好地去把握句型，其实把握句型很简单的，首先我们要学会背诵，下面我就整理出来了那些必须背诵的句型，大家赶快看看，然后背起来吧!

1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)

My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework。

2. asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)

My father asked me to study hard。

He asked me not to swim alone。

be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事

I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday。

3. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事

She is afraid to ask me questions。

4. be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事

I am afraid of going out at night。

5. be afaid of sth 害怕某物

He is afraid of snakes。

6. be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶

He was amazed to meet the girl there。

be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶

they were amazed at the news。

7. be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事(常考)

I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。

I am busy with my work。

8. becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)

the bus is coming/the dog is dying。

9. be excited to do sth 对做……感到兴奋

Jacky was excited to travel there by plane。

be excited at sth

Lily was excited at his words。

be excited about doing sth

he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books。

10. be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事

Sam is frightened to ride a horse。

11. be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事

She is happy to clean theblackboard with me。

be pleased to do sth高兴做某事

She was pleased to helpthe old man yesterday。

be pleased with sth 对某事感到高兴/满意

The teacher was pleasedwith my answer。

12.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

She is interested inswimming in the river。

My btother is interestedin Chinese。

13. be/get ready for/to do sth

be ready for 为某事做好了准备

We are ready for the exam。

Be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备

We are ready to have a birthday party for her。

get ready for sth为某事在做准备

We are getting ready for the exam。

14. be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇

be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇

This is nothing to be surprised at。

I'd be surprised to see him on such an occasion。

15. be worth doing sth 值得做某事(worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考)

It was too remote to be worth thinking about。

16. 开始去做某事begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth

When do children begin to go to school?

17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力负担(购买)……

At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday。

18. can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth

We may come at another time。

19. can't wait todo sth 迫不急待地去做某事

I can’t wait to hear the news。

20. decide to do sth 决定去做某事

make up one's mind to do sth 下决心去做某事(常考)

make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定

What do they decide to do?

I have made up my mind to go with him

21. deserve to do sth 值得/应该做……

We must admit that she did deserve to win。

22. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事

Encourage them to do some other helpful recreations。

23. enjoy doing sth 喜欢去做某事

I enjoy reading the story book

24. expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事

Don't expect him to help you。

25. fail to do sth 做某事失败

succeed doing sth 成功做了某事

If you don' t work, you willfail to pass the exam。

26. finish doing sth 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)

After finish doing your homework, you can have a rest。

27. follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事

Follow me to read the new words。

28. get sb to do sth / make sb do sth/ let sb do st 让某人做某事(后接动词原形)

Her jokes made us laugh。

29. get/have a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会

I'm very happy to have a chance to visit your school。

30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb

buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb

Please give me a piece of paper。

I bought him a drink in return for his help。

31. go on to do sth /go on doing sth 继续做事(常考)

Go on doing the exercise after a short rest。

32. hate to do/doing sth 讨厌/不喜欢做某事

Ihate to tell the news to you。

33. have fun doing sth 做某事很有趣

Have fun getting to know each other。

34. have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难

Many people have problems getting to sleep at night。

35. have sb do sth/have sth done 让某人做某事

This is the best work you have ever done。

36. hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考)

hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事(常见)

I heard someone laughing。

37. help to do sth 帮忙做某事

help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

I'll help you clean the room。

38. hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事

wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事

I wish to take this opportunity to thank you all。

39. It seems that 这像是……(后接从句)

seem to do sth

seem +adj

It'seems that you are lying。

Does that seem to make sense?

40. It's + adj+(for sb) to do sth.

It's+adj +(of sb) to do sth

It's glad for him to hear the news.

41. It takes sb sometime/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)

It takes me an hour to walk there and back。

42. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth 花费

He paid for it out of his own pocket。

43. It's best for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的

It's best for you to do more exercise。

had better do sth 最好做某事(注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)

You had better go to the school。

44.It's time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了

It's time for us to have dinner。

45.keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事(常考)

John always kept (on) asking questions。

keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事(常考)

Don't keep me waiting。

keep sbfrom doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)

He keeps her from cutting the tree。

keep sb/sth +adj 使某人保持……的状态

Washingyour hands keeps you healthy。

46.learn to do sth 学做某事Ilearn to play football.

learn sth from sb 向某人学习

I learn the spirit from him

47.like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事

She likes swimming./She likes to swim this afternoon。

48.need to do sth/ need doing sth/need to be done 需要做某事

The garden needs to be watered. / The garden needs watering。

49. prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)

I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive out。

prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做……胜过做……

I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。

preferto do sth 喜欢(爱)做某事

50. refuse to do sth 拒绝做……

I refuse to answer that question。

51. remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记做某事(没有发生)

Please do remember to post a letter forme。务必记得帮我寄信。

remember/forget doing sth 记得/忘记做过某事

I remember telling you the news before。我记得曾经告诉过你这个消息。

52. see sb do sth 看见某人做某事(结果)

see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)

be seen to do sth 做某事被看见

I saw them play football last weekend。

I saw her cleaning the classroom。

I saw him get on the bus.= He was seen to get on the bus。

53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)

I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。

54. spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)

I spent 2 hours on homework.= I spent 2 hours in doing homework。

spend some money on sth/doing sth 买……花了多少钱

I ofen spend some money on the book. I ofen spend some money buying the book。

55. Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do . 做好某事很难/容易

The question is easy to answer。

56. stop to do sth停下来去某事(两件事)(常考)

stop doing sth 停止做某事(一件事)(常考)

stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考)

The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me。

The two girls stopped talking when they saw me。

I tried to stop my father from smoking,but failed。

57. take turns to do sth 轮流做……

They take turns to do the cleaning。

58. tell sb (not)to do sth 叫某人去(不要)做某事

He tell me not to swim in that lake。

59. There is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说没必要做某事

There is no need for you to worry。

60. There is notime (for sb ) to do sth

have no time to do sth 没时间做某事

There is no time to think .I have no time to do morning exercises。

61. too…(for sb) to …… so… that… not… enough to do …太……以致不能

The boy is too young to go to school。

62. try/do one's best to do sth 尽力去做某事

try to do sth 试着(图)做某事

We must try our best to do the job。

63. used to do sth 过去常做某事

I used to live in the country。

used to be + adj/a +n 曾经是.。.

Mr wang used to be a teacher worker。

64. would like to do sth=want to do sth= feel like doing sth 想要做……

want/would like sb to do sth 想某人做……

I don't feel like walking very much today。

I would like you to go away。

65. warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)

His mother warned him not to go out in the evening。

66. Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth ? 为什么不……(表建议的`句型，注意用动词原形)

Why not have a rest?

表示建议的句型还有：

Shall we……?

What /How about……?(如果是动词，要用ing形式)

How about going fishing?

67. Would you like (sb) to do sth ?Yes, I'd love to .

Would you like to join us?

Would you like me to buy you some food?

68. Would you mind doing sth ? 你介意做某事吗?回答：不介意(No+……)

Never mind/Not at all/Of course not/Certainly not . (从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)

回答：介意(Yes+……)

I'm sorry but I do./Sorry, you'd better not./ I'm afraid you can't。

-Would you mind my opening the door?

- No,of course not。

69. Would you please (not) do sth 你可不可以做(不做)……?

Would you please open the door? / Would you please not close the windows?

70.常用固定短语

finish doing sth 完成某事

She finished cleaning the room。

practise doing sth 练习做某事

You'd better practising reading and speaking English every day。

be good at doing sth 擅长做某事

I am good at playing basketball。

go on doing sth 继续做某事，指前后做的是同一件事。

The students went on talking and laughing all the way。

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one。

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

I am busy in cleaning my room。

see/hear/watch sb doing sth 听/看/观察到某人正在做某事

I hear him singing。

be afraid of doing sth 担心(害怕)会发生某事

My little sister is afraid of staying at home alone。

be interested in doing sth 对做某事的兴趣。

I'm interested in playing games。

正确的英语 句子 都要符合一定的语法结构要求。英语句子的结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。英语句子都可以看作是这五种句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装构成的。下面给大家带来一些关于英语五种基本句型整理归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。 一.主语谓语 用符号表示为： ① SV(主+谓)② SVO(主+谓+宾) ③ SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)④ SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)⑤ SVP(主+系+表) 主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object)定语(attribute)状语 (adverbial)补语(complement)表语(predicative) 1. 基本句型一：SV(主+谓) 这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语。 2. 基本句型三：SVO(主+谓+宾) 此结构是由“主语+及物动词(词组)+宾语”构成。 3. 基本句型四：SVoO(主+谓+间宾 +直宾) 有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give“给”，pass“递”，bring“带”，show“展示”。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 若直接宾语为人称代词，通常不能放在后面;间接宾语放后面时前面要加to的动词;间接宾语放后面时前面要加for的动词;一般用to多些，用for的记住常用的三个就行; 4. 基本句型五：SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 有些动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，宾语后必须加上一个补充成分才能使意思完整。所加的成分就是宾语补足语。 宾语和宾语补足语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 基本句型二：SVP(主+系+表) 系动词主要是be;但还有一些实义动词候有时候也可作系动词，这类系动词有人称之为半系动词。 A. 如何辨别系动词 有些动词既可作连系动词，又可以作实义动词。如何来辨别呢?有一个最简便的 方法 ，即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立且句意变化不大就是连系动词;反之，不能替换的，就是实义动词。 B. 常见的系动词 i 状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。 ii 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。 iii 表“像”系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。 iv 感官系动词感官系动词主要有look“看起来”，feel“摸起来”, smell“闻起来”, sound“听起来”, taste“尝起来”。 v 变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样。变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。 vi 终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意。 C. 系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语 D. 在一个英语单句中，一般情况要有谓语动词 要注意：介词 短语 和形容词不能单独作谓语，要和系动词一起作谓语。 6. there be 句型 此句型是由“there + be + 主语 + 状语”构成，用以表达“存在有”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，实义主语位于谓语动词be 之后，there 仅为引导词(也有看作形式主语的)，并无实际意义。 A. be 要与其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致，如果be后实义主语是多个并列项时，要按就近一致原则，与第一项保持一致。 B. 可用live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等词代替be动词。 C. there seem/ happen/ used to be及there live/ lie/ stand句型的否定句和疑问句的变法。 D. there be 与have 的区别 there be …“某地有某物，某时有某事”;have 表示“某人拥有某物”。英语五种基本句型整理归纳相关 文章 ： ★ 初中英语句子结构:5种常见句型 ★ 高三一模英语考试句式积累:课本重要知识点归纳整理 ★ 初中英语简单句的九大基本句型 ★ 小学英语句型转换方法归纳学习方法 ★ 初中英语语法基本句型秘诀 ★ 小升初英语必考的10个知识点与句型汇总 ★ 语法专题简单句的基本句型与作宾语的动词 ★ 英语动词的运用与基本句型 ★ 2020初中英语高频考点的60个句型总结 ★ 英语基本句型变短变化的知识讲解