英语转换法单词

英语单词转化法一个单词有一种词类用作另一种词类的方法称为转化法. 如：back 一词,能转换成很多词类,如：back n.后面,v.支持,a.后面的,过期的,adv.回来,恢复等.由于词类的转化,其词义产生变化,在做词汇题或是在理解文章中的句子时,在判断某个词的含义时,应该首先应该借助该词所在句子的语法结构判断该词的词类,然后再借助该词前后的搭配结构语义来最终确认词义.

water n. 水 v. 浇水。hand n. 手 v. 上交。empty adj. 空的 v. 倒空。book n. 书 v. 预订。

一英语翻译的注意事项

（1）大家都知道其实英文的句子和我们中文的句子是完全不一样的两个概念，如果说我们要把英文翻译成中文，或者是要把中文翻译成英文的话，这中间需要改变很多东西，比如说句式结构就一定要改变。如果句式结构没有根本的改变，那么翻译出来的还是一滩死水。

（2）如果你想要完整去翻一篇论文，那么用词是必须要注意的，这用词包括名词以及书面用语的一些使用，包括主谓搭配的对待等等，特别是对于一些专业术语的翻译，都需要特别严谨的对待，保证翻译下来的文章能够让别人读懂。

二英语的起源与发展

（1）英语（英文：English）是一种西日耳曼语，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。英国人的祖先盎格鲁部落是后来迁移到大不列颠地区的日耳曼部落之一，称为英格兰。

（2）自17世纪以来，现代英语在英国和美国的广泛影响下在世界各地传播。通过各类这些国家的印刷和电子媒体，英语已成为国际主导语言之一，在许多地区和专业的环境下的语言也有主导地位，例如科学、导航和法律。

英语的实词不但多义，而且同一词还可以属一种以上的词类。此外，从一种词类又可以转化为另一种词类，其中以⒈名词转化为动词、⒉动词转化为名词以及⒊形容词转化为动词，这三种最为普遍、最为生动。转化后的词具有该词基本的特性，因此转化名词有如真正名词，转化动词就像真正动词。 ⒈名词→动词 ① The workers found Bob's attitude hard to stomach. ② The parachutist had to nerve himself for the jump from his helicopter. ③ A few poor children had been dogging the tourists for some time. ④ Tuition schools have mushroomed for the last two years. ⑤ The traitor was knifed and stoned to death. ⑥ I leafed through a few pages of the book to see what it was about. ⑦ Personality clashes surfaced among some rival leaders. ⑧ Tom elbowed his way through the crowd. ⑨ It is impolite to ape one's superiors. ⑩ Delicious food made our mouths water. ⒉动词→名词 ① The innocent girl was having a good cry. ② Active people are always on the go. ③ I often have a quiet read before going to bed. ④ People from all walks of life condemned a bad government. ⑤ Famine came in the wake of the drought. ⑥ The manager gave some lazy workers the sack. ⑦ Let me take a good look at these photos. ⑧ A visit to the Jurong Bird Park is a must for any tourist. ⑨ War is loathed by the haves and the have-nots. ⑩ If you have anything to discuss with me, don't hesitate to give me a ring. ⒊形容词→动词 ① Don't idle away your precious time. ② Father's hair begins to grey. ③ How to quiet a fretful child? ④ We have no intention of seeing an innocent person humbled. ⑤ Something must be done to better the life of the underprivileged. ⑥ Language skills can be perfected by constant practice and regular reinforcement. ⑦ The robber wanted his victim to empty his pockets. ⑧ When the enemy's ships neared the land, our soldiers began to attack. ⑨ The man's muscles tensed as he saw the snake approaching him. ⑩ The hot weather soured the fresh milk. 此外，有些形容词和其他词类也可以转化为名词。例如： ① The strong tend to bully the weak. ② Poor innocents deserve our greatest sympathy. ③Richard looked like a silly in such a situation. ④ The secretary knows the ins and outs of the matter. ⑤ Do you know the whys and wherefores of the accident? ⑥ Though a rich man now, Peter's earlier life was marked by ups and downs. 上述这些转化名词，并未具有名词全部的特性。例如“the strong”和“the weak”形式是单数，意思是复数。还有④-⑥这些转化名词既有复数之形，也具复数之意。