e英语教程1知识点

Add v. 增加

1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。

2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。

3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。

Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查

1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。

2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。

Upset a. 烦乱的',不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服

1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。

2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。

3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。

Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视

1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!

2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。

Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静

1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。

2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。

3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。

calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)

1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。

2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。

have got to conj. 不得不(必须)

1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence.

你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。

2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train.

英语第一册语法的知识点归纳

（1)代词及be动词 ,第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 ……

主格 I we you you she/he/it they

宾格 me us you you her/him/it them

代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

be动词现在时 Am are are are is are

be动词过去时 was were were were was were

（ 2)名词的复数

规则变化的名词复数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

规则3 以o结尾s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

（ 3)动词的第三人称单数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look--looks

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch--catches

规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly--flies

（ 4)动词现在分词

规则一 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

规则二 以不发音的字母结尾的'单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

规则三 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop--stopping

（ 5)动词过去式

规则动词变化

规则一 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play--played

规则二 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive--arrived

规则三 以辅音字母加结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

规则四 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ed stop-stopped,

过去式的读音

在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched

在/t/，/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated

（ 6)形容词和副词的比较级

比较级 规则一 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

规则二 以结尾加-r nice-nicer

规则三 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-er busy-busier,

规则四 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加-er fat-fatter,

形容词和副词的最高级

最高级 规则一 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

规则二 以结尾加-st nice-nicet

规则三 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-est busy-busiest

规则四 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加--est fat-fattest

（ 7)常见缩写：

is=’s I am=I’m are=’re

is not=isn’t/ iznt/ are not=aren’t /a:nt/

do not=don’t

does not=doesn’t

was=’s

did not=didn’t

can not=can’t

have=’ve

has=’s

have not=haven’t

has not=hasn’t

will=’ll

will not=won’t

shall not=shan’t