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litterateur文学家，作家，文人Trecentist十四世纪意大利文学家、美术家man of letters学者，作家，文学家writer作者，作家，文学家

Qi Baishi (1863-1957), modern calligraphy, seal carving home. Originally pure Michigan. Wei-word, later renamed huang word brink of Health, No. Whitehead, alias Shan Yin through the main hall, pin-the elderly, the Hunan Xiangtan people. Carpenter who years ago, after making the local literati study painting, poetry, carving, calligraphy, and on human portrayal of paintings, graphic living. Middle-aged several trips south to settle after the age of 57, professional selling, carvers. Chen Hengke phase in the arts and skills often praised Xu Wei, Zhu Da, former economy, Li and Wu Changshuo, etc. U.S. soldiers home, a 60-year-old, much like the act changed, great importance to the creation and integration of traditional ink painting and the performance of folk art techniques to create a unique artistic style. Good for the bird and flower, Xinhua vigorous brushwork, looks plain concise, clear warm colors; and be good at freehand flowers and micro-mm width T completed the grasshopper is cleverly combined together. Also painting landscapes and figures. On a wonderful painting in between might not seem too seemed to be a domestic, and not to cheat views. Zhejiang School beginner carving, cutting multiple copying Han India, he wantonly Pomao layout, single broadsword Pavilion, fresh spicy effective. Poems can. After the founding of the PRC, his painting, carving activities, it has become hard. Former Chairman of the Chinese Artists Association. 中文版的:齐白石1863-1957）现代书画家、篆刻家。原名纯芝。字渭清，后改名璜，字濒生，号白石，别号借山吟馆主者、寄萍老人等，湖南湘潭人。早年曾为木工，后结交当地文人，学习绘画、诗文、篆刻、书法，靠为人写照、卖画、刻印为生。中年多次出游南北，五十七岁后定居北京，专业卖画、刻印。在艺术上常与陈衡恪相切磋，推崇徐渭、朱耷、原济、李箪及吴昌硕等诸家，六十岁后，画风逮变，重视创造，融合了传统写意画和民间绘画的表现技法，形成独特的艺术风格。擅作花鸟虫鱼，笔墨纵横雄健，造型简练质朴，色彩鲜明热烈；并善于把阔笔写意花卉与微毫毕现的草虫巧妙地结合一起。亦画山水、人物。论画有妙在似与不似之间，太似为媚俗，不似为欺世的见解。篆刻初学浙派，后多取法汉代凿印，布局奇肆朴茂，单刀直下，劲辣有力。能诗文。建国后，他对书画、篆刻的活动，益见勤奋。曾任中国美术家协会主席。 作品介绍: The Qi Baishi life drawing theme is widespread, comprehensive, YouYihua the shrimp most has the great reputation, widely the personknows. Qi Baishi although a heat generation 衷 immerses to thegreatly enjoyable flower-and-bird painting, but especially emphasizesthe sketch the importance. He center said in "Autobiography" that,"Paints pictures must draw others to look the thing." We looked hispicture, the multi- topics have "the half a lifetime sketch" fourcharacters, had indicated he highly takes to the drawing sketch.However this kind of traditional Chinese painting "the sketch" doesnot have to westing "the sketch", is one kind to the drawing to thepictographic high summary and the refinement. For the picture shrimp,he specially the table-top raises the shrimp in the home, in detailobserves shrimp's habit and the tendency. As a result of his shrimpfamiliar and understanding, therefore he draws the shrimp is extremelyexpressive. Presently hides to the Chinese art museum "Group Shrimp", is on QiBaishi century 40's intermediate stages picture shrimp mature periodhigh-quality goods. This chart altogether draws posture each differentshrimp nine, the words excellent, the relationship of form and spirithas both, lifelike. Below Qi Baishi draws the shrimp mainly to have the characteristic:One, succinct summary, surmounting life. Qi Baishi drew the shrimp topass through from as numerous as Jan's process, in order to pursue thesuccinct effect, he once shrank the shrimp body by six was five, theshrimp flinch fully also greatly reduces, truly had achieved "defeated anumerically superior enemy" divinity. Two, the ink law is excellent,crystal clear bright. Qi Baishi homemade "by Shui Duimo, ink centerpoint water" the method, causes the shrimp which he draws for theperson one kind to be all over the body transparent, the crystal clearlifelike feeling, sighs the person. Three, partial exaggeration,moderate distortion. In order to the prominent shrimp moves thefeeling, the shrimp must, the shrimp pliers carry on the moderateexaggeration to enlarge, the ultra long shrimp had obviously tostrengthen the shrimp with the shrimp pliers afflatus with to move thepotential. Four, assembling and parting has the law, the layout isfastidious. How is the picture shrimp difficult to lie in ingeniouslyprocesses the body the alternation, superimposes and echoes, Qi Baishihas the profound research in this point, the density arrangementappropriate, supports but does not crowd, is dense but is not chaotic.In order to outside the prominent picture meaning, every time has"half shrimp" processing, greatly has outside the picture the sound.Five, to the book is picturesque, in wadding belt just. Although inthe picture shrimp by the ink law performance primarily, disappearedthe white stone old person in other flower-and-bird paintings commonexcellent "the hollow-stroke in Chinese calligraphy" the performance,but the extraordinary calligraphy skill causes the shrimp which hedraws to be everywhere soft contains hardly, in Run had just. Six,lifelike, vivid is expressive. Qi Baishi draws shrimp's most majorcharacteristic is "lives" the character, he draws the shrimp each oneall appears gloriously on the paper, the vigor four shoots. SeeksJianping 中文版的:齐白石一生绘画题材广泛，包罗万象，尤以画虾最负盛名，广为人知。齐白石虽一生热衷沉浸于大写意花鸟画，但格外强调写生的重要性。他在《自传》中说:“画画要画人家看过的东西。”我们看他的画，多题有“半生写生”四字，表明了他对绘画写生的高度重视。然这种中国画的“写生”有别于西画的“写生”，是一种对绘画对象形的高度概括与提炼。为了画虾，他特意在家中案头养虾，详细观察虾的习性与动态。正由于他对虾的熟悉和了解，所以他画的虾十分传神。 现藏于中国美术馆的《群虾》，是齐白石上世纪40年代中期画虾成熟期的一件精品。该图共绘姿态各异的虾九只，笔墨精良，形神兼备，栩栩如生。 齐白石画虾主要有以下特征:一，简练概括，超越生活。齐白石画虾经过了一个由繁到简的过程，为了追求简洁的效果，他曾一度将虾身由六节缩为五节，虾的挠足也大大减少，真正达到了“以少胜多”的神效。二，墨法高超，晶莹剔透。齐白石自创的“以水兑墨，墨中点水”的方法，使他画的虾给人一种通体透明、晶莹逼真之感，令人称叹。三，局部夸张，适度变形。为了突出虾的动感，对虾须、虾钳进行适度夸张放大，超长的虾须与虾钳明显增强了虾的灵动与动势。四，聚散有法，布局讲究。画虾之难在于如何巧妙地处理肢体的穿插、叠加和呼应，齐白石在这一点上有精深的研究，疏密安排恰当，拥而不挤，密而不乱。为了突出画外之意，每有“半虾”之处理，大有画外之音。五，以书入画，绵中带刚。尽管在画虾中以墨法表现为主，不见了白石老人在其它花鸟画中常见的高超的“飞白”表现，但非凡的书法功力使他画的虾处处软中含硬，润中有刚。六，活灵活现，生动传神。齐白石画虾的最大特点是一个“活”字，他画的虾个个都跃然纸上，活力四射。 牟建平

读书人1.readers或者Scholars2.a scholar3.an intellectual第一个是常用的 绝对正确 希望采纳 2 和 3 也可以 但是不常用

Scholar

泰戈尔TagoreRabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) Greatest writer in modern Indian literature, Bengali poet, novelist, educator, and an early advocate of Independence for India. Tagaore won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913. Two years later he was awarded the knighthood, but he surrendered it in 1919 as a protest against the Massacre of Amritsar, where British troops killed some 400 Indian demonstrators. Tagore's influence over Gandhi and the founders of modern India was enormous, but his reputation in the West as a mystic has perhaps mislead his Western readers to ignore his role as a reformer and critic of colonialism. "When one knows thee, then alien there is none, then no door is shut. Oh, grant me my prayer that I may never lose touch of the one in the play of the many." (from Gitanjali)

literature是文学literati才是文学家或者writer单词不写错了看清楚了

拼音代码】: srmk【近义词】:一介书生、文章巨公、文人雅士【反义词】:胸无点墨【用法】: 作宾语、定语;指文人【英文】: poets and writers