反贫困的英文

困难的反义词：

同群效应（peer effects）又称为peer group effects,是指一个人处于某个群体中，他的行为和结果受到周围人群行为和特征的影响，而影响他的人是和他处于平等地位的“同群者”（peers），同群效应较多的应用于教育学，目前，在反贫困，消除种族隔离，降低药物和酒精滥用情况等方面的研究上也有所运用。对于同群效应的研究，要注意一个人所受到的影响不止来源于他的同群者们，举例来说，重点中学的学生更有几率考上名牌大学，但不一定是因为重点中学的学生都很优秀，有良好的同群效应，还可能因为重点中学本身的硬件设施较好，老师水平较高，或者因为学生在进入重点中学前要通过考试筛选，学生本人的成绩就很好等，只有在排除了这些影响后，依然能发现学生的成绩与其同学成绩同步上升了，才能证明同群效应的存在。

俺只知道同伦群！同伦群homotopy group 代数拓扑的概念。设f和g是拓扑空间X到Y的两个连续映射，如果能通过连续形变将f变为g ，则称f与g同伦 。精确地说，如果存在连续映射H∶X×〔0，1〕→Y，使对任意x∈X，H（x，0）＝f（x），H（x，1）＝g（x） ，则称f同伦于g 。a，β∶Sn→X是两个连续映射 ＝x0∈X，如果a和β保持x0不动地由一个形变到另一个则称a与β保持基点x0同伦 ，记作a～x 0β。用G（X，x0）记满足a（1 ，0 ，…0）＝x0的连续映射a∶Sn→X的全体作成的集合。～x0是其上的等价关系 ，则商群G（X，x0）／～x0称为 X的以x0为基点的n维同伦群 ，记作πn（X，x0）＝G（X，x0）／～x0 。n＝1时称为X的以x0为基点的基本群

困难 [ kùn nan ]

释义

1.处境艰难。

2.生活穷困。

困难的反义词有：：简易、便利、容易、简单、轻易等。词语详解：1、简易[ jiǎn yì ] 解释：简单而容易的。《当代》1987年第5期：“我看着他渐渐远去的身影，直到简易运货车从屁股后面冒出的浓烟遮住了他，我才失神地转过身来。”2、便利[ biàn lì ] 解释：指敏捷、顺适;便宜且美好的。老舍 《骆驼祥子》十三：“他把这句话在心中转了好几次，始终说不出来，他的嘴没有那么便利。”3、容易[ róng yì ] 解释：不费什么力或没什么困难。朱自清 《背影》：“可是他穿过铁道，要爬上那边月台，就不容易了。”4、简单[ jiǎn dān ] 解释：单纯；不复杂。茅盾 《宿莽·陀螺》四：“她的那间屋子多么精致，事务又简单。老了干不动时，我想谋这份差使。” 5、轻易[ qīng yì ]解释：容易；简单。瞿秋白 《赤都心史》三：“创造新文化也不是轻易的事，还得努力做去。”

困难kùn nan，反义词有：简单、简易、容易。

一、简单    [jiǎn dān]

解释：

1、结构单纯；头绪少；容易理解、使用或处理。如：情节～。～扼要。

例句：这种机器比较～。他简简单单说了几句话。

2、（经历、能力等）平凡（多用于否定式）。

例句：李队长主意多，有魄力，可真不～。

3、草率；不细致。如：～从事。

英文翻译：simple; not complicated

二、简易 [ jiǎn yì ]

解释：

1、简单而容易的。如：～办法。

例句：这个方法简易方便，适合大部分人群。

2、设施不完备。

例句：我看着他渐渐远去的身影，直到简易运货车从屁股后面冒出的浓烟遮住了他，我才失神地转

过身来。 ——《当代》1987年第5期

3、书面用语，指性情坦率和易，不讲求礼节。

《汉书·刘向传》：“向为人简易，无威仪。

4、在学术方面，简易是一种自然规律。

例句：万事万物都自觉不自觉地按照简易的方式和方法去动作。

英文翻译：simplistic; simple and easy; simplicity

三、容易[róng yì]

解释：

1、做起来不费事的。

例句：说时容易做时难|这篇文章写得很通俗，容易看。

2、发生某种变化的可能性大。如：容易生病；白衣服容易脏；这种麦子不容易倒伏。

近义词：轻易、轻松、简单。

反义词：色难、困难、艰难、麻烦

褒贬： 中性词

英文翻译：likely; liable (to); easy

扩展资料

困难的近义词有：艰巨、艰难、艰苦、穷困、困苦。

一、艰巨 jiān jù

解释：  困难而繁重。如：～的任务。

英文翻译：arduous;formidable；onerous;pain-taking; difficult ;hard;ujen

例句：他带领工程队日夜不停地工作着，终于完成了这项艰巨的任务。

近义词：艰难

反义词：轻易、易如反掌

二、艰难jiān nán

解释：指困难、艰巨；犹劳苦。

英文翻译：hard；difficult

例句：漫长而艰难的行军。

近义词：艰巨、 艰苦、艰辛、困难、困苦、辛苦、劳苦

反义词：安适 、安逸、容易、轻易、舒服、恬适、闲舒

三、艰苦jiān kǔ

解释：指艰难困苦，形容生活、工作等条件差，十分困难。

英文翻译：difficult

例句：一个人有了远大的理想,就是在最艰苦难的时候,也会感到幸福。

反义词：舒适、安逸

近义词： 困苦、劳苦、坚苦

四、穷困qióng kùn

释义：

1、指困难，窘迫的处境。常用做穷困潦倒。

英文翻译：destitute;poor;poverty

例句：他垂头丧气地坐在卧房的单人沙发里，摆着一副长马脸，没有一丝笑容，像是穷困潦倒得再也扶持不起来的样子。

2、不得志，走投无路。

英文翻译：have no way out

例句：由于不思进取，而今他已穷困潦倒了。

五、困苦kùn kǔ

解释：指艰难穷苦，苦痛，难受等。

例句：如果那人不将三国的事情讲完，他的豫备就决不至于这么困苦，他最熟悉的就是三国。

——鲁迅《彷徨

反义词：幸福、甜蜜

英文翻译：miserable；distressed；difficult

有些政治家的奋斗目标在於缩小贫富的差距。Some politicians aim at closing the gap between rich and poor.政府尽力消除贫富之间的差距。The government tried to level out the differences between the rich and the poor.贫富之间的差距扩大了。The gap between the rich and the poor have widen.贫富之间的差距在扩大。The gap between the have and the have - not is widen.缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要难题之一。Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government.缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要难题之一。Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenge facing the government.消除贫富之间的差距Level out the differences between the rich and the poor怎样才能缩小贫富之间的差距？How can we bridge the gap between rich and poor?贫富之间过于明显的差别the oversharp distinction between the rich and the poor回答者： lmx69 - 状元 十四级 11-8 21:26英文： Narrowing rich-poor gap: A key to China's modernizationNarrowing the divide between the rich and poor is standing as one of the core issues at the fifth plenary of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which opened Saturday.The income divide among Chinese citizens has been sharply widened since 2003, and has reached the severe "yellow light" warning level.Gan Yuping, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) holds that China's modernization must give priority to reform of taxation, social security, and more support for rural areas.Statistics show that as of July this year, Chinese rural areas had over 26.1 million denizens in absolute poverty, despite the fact that 27 Chinese provinces and municipalities scrapped agriculture taxation in 2005, resulting in 20 billion yuan (about 2.5 billion US dollars) of subsidies to agriculture and farmers.Twenty percent of urban families possess 66.4 percent of the total urban family financial assets. A hearing on personal income taxation was held last month by China's top legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, which proposed to increase the tax levying point from 800 yuan (about 100 US dollars) to 1,500 yuan (about 187.5 US dollars).The Chinese government is considering collecting high-consumption taxation and legacy taxation as ways to reduce the rich-poor gap.Other measures include building a framework for helping poor citizens and measures to help those unemployed.A report jointly published by the UN and the World Bank shows that China has become a "paradigm" for poverty elimination. Since China adopted the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, the country's per capita GDP has increased by five times.China saw a 1.5 million annual reduction of the its population living in poverty in the 2001-2004 period.Source: Xinhua中文：发改委专家详解贫富差距该专家认为，“十一五”期间，只有让老百姓普遍享受经济成果，才能实现协调发展在十六届五中全会热烈讨论贫富差距之前，一份调查报告显示，目前，政府已经掌握了社会剩余产品总价值的87.5％，留给社会的只有12.5％。国家发改委经济研究所研究员杨宜勇昨日告诉《第一财经日报》，如果这种局面仍不改变，将会导致社会投资能力差，居民消费能力低以及社会再生产能力被削弱，影响技术进步等严重后果。一组数据统计局的数据显示，城镇居民可支配收入的基尼系数不断提高，2003年达到0.34，比2002年提高0.018，“十五”末期有可能会超过0.35。“这意味着最富有的10%家庭与最贫穷的10%家庭人均可支配收入差距将超过8倍，或者将有六成城镇居民的人均可支配收入达不到平均水平。”杨宜勇表示。事实上，中国城乡统算的基尼系数早在2000年就超出了国际公认的警戒线0.40，目前则已经超过0.45。“改革开放已经搞了26年，我们应该考虑让广大的老百姓更加普遍地享受到经济和社会发展的成果。”杨宜勇认为，“十一五”期间也只有这样做，才能实现社会经济的全面协调发展。两个现象如果说基尼系数对于普通市民尚显陌生的话，那么行业差距则会让每一个人都感同身受。“十五”期间，中国的电力、煤气、供水、铁路、通信等行业职工平均工资年增长率均出现了提速、高于“九五”期间平均增长率3~5个百分点。与此同时，金融和保险业、党政机关和社会团体也分别较“九五”期间提高7个百分点和5个百分点以上。在杨宜勇看来，虽然此间各行业就业者收入水平都有所提高，但提高的程度各不相同。尤为明显的是，垄断行业与一般行业职工间的收入差距则呈持续扩大趋势。 另一个值得关注的现象是，当前全国人均财产性收入增长速度已经是劳动收入（城镇工薪收入和农村经营性收入）增长速度的两倍。也就是说，当一部分人还在努力出卖劳动力换取报酬时，另一部分人已经可以坐享财产带来的收益了，而且前者增长的速度远不及后者。以2004年前3季度为例，全国城镇居民人均工薪收入同比增长11.8%，而人均财产性收入中的出租房屋收入增幅竟高达54.5%。由于财产性收入的增幅较快，财产差距的扩大会进一步加剧收入分配的不平等。杨宜勇在起草“十一五”收入分配问题及其对策报告时，提出了予以调控的建议。让百姓享受经济发展成果一个公认的规律是，当一个国家的人均GDP从1000美元向3000美元迈进时，往往是产业结构剧烈变化、社会格局重新调整、利益矛盾不断增加、收入加速分化的时期。杨宜勇认为，当今中国要想平稳地渡过这个难关，就必须全面贯彻落实科学发展观。具体来说，就是要高度重视收入分配问题，让广大的老百姓更加普遍地享受到经济和社会发展的成果。在这个过程中，政府负有最为重要的责任，即必须通过立法及政府行为、通过制定系统的社会政策等来完成。科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development和谐社会 harmonious society小康社会 a well-off society in an all-round way中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics解放思想，实事求是 emancipated the mind, seek truth from the facts马克思列宁主义 Marxism-Leninism毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求 Representing the development trend of China's advanced productive forces.中国先进文化的前进方向 Representing the orientation of China's advanced culture中国最广大人民的根本利益 Representing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people四个“坚定不移”坚定不移地坚持解放思想 to adhere to the emancipation of the mind adamantly,坚定不移地推进改革开放 to persist in spurring the reform and opening to the outside world坚定不移地落实科学发展，社会和谐 to promote the scientific development and social harmony perseveringly坚定不移地全面建设小康社会 to persist in building a well-off society in an all-round way一个中心、两个基本点 (以经济建设为中心, 坚持四项基本原则、坚持改革开放)One centre, two basic points (making economic development our central task, follow the policies of reform and opening up, and the Four Cardinal Principles)科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force经济经济又好又快地发展 good and steady economic growth减少贫困 reducing poverty工业化 industrialization城市化 urbanization市场化 marketization国际化 internationalization.资源节约型、环境友好型社会 energy-efficient, environment-friendly society国民生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)社会科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development和谐社会 harmonious society基础教育 primary education最低生活补助 minimum living/subsistence allowance节能降耗减排 to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutantsdischarge学龄儿童 school-age children民主群众路线 the mass line民主集中制 democratic centralism批评和自我批评 criticism and self-criticism反对官僚主义 to oppose bureaucratism避免教条主义to avoid dogmatism反对形式主义 to oppose formalism反对奢侈浪费 to oppose extravagance民生 people's well-being法制依法治国 to rule the country according to law人民代表大会制度 the system of people's congress中国***领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度 the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序: systems and procedures of democratic decision-making and supervision邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents贯彻科学发展观 to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development和谐社会 harmonious Society解放思想 emancipate the mind改革开放policy of reform and opening-up全面建设小康社会 to build a well-off society in an all-round way中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese-characteristics经济又好又快地发展 good and steady economic growth前所未有机遇和挑战 unprecedented opportunities and challenges时代新要求和人民群众的新期待 requirements of the time and wishes of the people制定科学的行动纲领和大政方针 to make strategic outlines and policies成就举世瞩目 to achieve great success头脑清醒，实事求是 realistic and sober-minded清醒认识当今世界和当代中国发展的大势 to have a clear view of today's China and theworld工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化 industrialization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization.资源节约型、环境友好型社会 energy-efficient, environment-friendly society推进决策科学化、民主化 to promote a scientific and democratic decision-making process.反对官僚主义 to oppose bureaucratism避免教条主义 to avoid dogmatism反对形式主义 to oppose formalism反对奢侈浪费 to oppose extravagance反腐败斗争的长期性、艰巨性 to fight a long-time, tough war against corruption思想上清醒、政治上坚定、作风上务实 sober-minded, firm in politics, pragmatic in style of work工人阶级的先锋队 vanguard of Chinese working class中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics中国最广大人民的根本利益 fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people先进生产力 advanced productive forces马克思列宁主义 Marxism-Leninism毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents反对帝国主义，封建主义，官僚资本主义 Revolutionary struggle against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism人民民主专政 People’s democratic dictatorship解放思想，实事求是 emancipate the mind, seek truth from the facts党的建设 Party building社会主义初级阶段 primary stage of socialism进一步解放生产力，发展生产力 further emancipate and develop the productive forces以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展 keeping public ownership as the mainstay ofthe economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度 system in which distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of modes of distribution coexist共同富裕 common prosperity小康社会 well-off society以经济建设为中心 to make economic development our central task坚持四项基本原则 toadhere to the Four Cardinal Principles坚持改革开放 to persevere in the reform and opening up坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国***的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义***思想 to keep to the socialist road and to uphold the people's democratic dictatorship, leadership by the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家 a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country科教兴国战略 strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education科学技术作为第一生产力 science and technology as the primary productive force社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy社会主义政治文明socialist political civilization依法治国 to rule the country according to law人民代表大会制度 the system of people's congresses中国***领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度 the system of multiparty cooperation andpolitical consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序 systems and procedures of democratic decision-makingand supervision加强精神文明建设 to enhance the social construction of ideological infrastructure有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的人民 opeople with lofty ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline各民族平等、团结、互助 equality, unity and mutual assistance among all ethnic groups in the country民族区域自治 regional autonomy of ethnic minorities一国两制 one country, two systems独立自主的和平外交政策 independent foreign policy of peace霸权主义和强权政治 hegemonism and power politics在互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处五项原则 on thebasis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence拒腐防变 resist corruption, prevent degeneration与时俱进 to keep pace with the times坚持全心全意为人民服务 to persevere in serving the people wholeheartedly群众路线 mass line民主集中制 democratic centralism批评和自我批评 criticism and self-criticism高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜 to hold high the "great banner of socialism with Chinese Characteristics"建设中国特色社会主义 to build socialism with Chinese characteristics改革开放 reform and opening up全面建设小康社会to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects和谐社会 harmonious society解放思想、实事求是emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts勇于变革、勇于创新to make bold changes and innovations永不僵化、永不停滞to stay away from rigidity or stagnation不为任何风险所惧to fear no risks不被任何干扰所惑never be confused by any interference科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development正确处理改革发展和稳定的关系to balance reform, development and stability高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy封闭或半封闭的国家closed or semi-closed state改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流。Reform and opening up accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.改革开放方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。The path of reforms and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated. To stop or reverse reforms and opening-up would only lead to a blind alley.以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导 to follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of Three Represents新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark in the new period经济实力大幅提升。Economic strength increased substantially.改革开放取得重大突破。 Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.人民生活显著改善。People's living standards improved significantly.社会建设全面展开 Social development proceeded in an all-round way.全方位外交 all-directional diplomacy党的建设 Party building实现人均国内生产总值到2020年比2000年翻两番to quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020优化结构to optimizing the economic structure提高经济效益to improve economic returns降低消耗to reduce consumption of resources保护环境to protect the environment能源、资源节约型及环保型产业结构 energy- and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries可再生能源 renewable energy sources建设资源节约型、环保型社会 to build a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society二氧化硫排放 discharges of sulfur dioxide停水 suspension of water supplies