keep off1. (使)不接近,远离;挡住:例句: Keep off the grass!请勿踏草坪!The sun is shining on me. Please draw the curtain to keep it off.太阳晒着我了,请把窗帘拉下来遮住阳光。2. 不提及;(使)回避,避开(话题等):例句: We'd better keep off the sensitive topic.我们最好避开这个敏感的话题。I suggest that you keep off political issue in negotiations with them.我建议你在与他们谈判时避开政治问题。3. 推迟,拖延;(使)不发生:例句: I hope that the rain will keep off until after the game.我希望雨能在比赛完了再下。Some bread will keep off hunger for a while.吃些面包会抵挡一会儿饥饿感。4. (使)不吃,不喝(某物):例句: To get your weight down, you must keep off fattening foods.要使体重下降,你一定不能吃让人发胖的食物。5. (使)不去(某地):例句: The doctor asked her to keep off school for a few days.医生要她休息几天再去上学。keep out1. (使)留在外面;挡住,不让进来:例句: The little girl has never seen him before and so she keeps the stranger out.那个小女孩以前从未见过这位陌生人,所以她将他拒之门外。2. 留下,扣下:例句: The company keeps 5% of his salary out each month.公司每月扣下他薪水的5%.make up1. 构成,组成;形成;占:例句: The committee is made up of six women.委员会由六位妇女组成。This made up 15%of their total income.这是他们总收入的百分之十五。2. 编造,捏造;即席做(诗),虚构:例句: I couldn't remember the fairy story I wanted to tell her, so I made one up as I went along.我想不起我要给她讲的那个神话故事,于是我一边走一边编了一个。It's not true. She made it up.这不是真实的情况,是她编造出来的。3. 和解;言归于好:例句: She is coming to make up with you.她是来与你和解的。He and his wife usually make up their quarrel the same day.他和妻子吵架通常当天就言归于好。4. 赔偿金钱损失;弥补,补偿,补充:例句: His intelligence made up for his lack of personal charm.他的智慧弥补了他的容貌缺陷。They'll do all they can to make up the economic losses.他们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。1. 把…陈列出来(出售或参加竞赛);把…拿出来(供考虑、决策或拍卖等):例句: He put his possessions up for auction.他把他的财产拿出来拍卖。2. 参加竞选;提出…任某职,作为成员候选人;选出…任某职;推荐(会员等),提名(为候选人);自荐任某职;同意为议员候选人:例句: She is putting herself up for election to the committee.她参加委员会的竞选。3. 把…加工贮藏起来,贮藏:例句: The farmers put up five tons of hay for the winter.农工们为过冬贮藏了5吨草料。4. 把…打成包;把东西装成(包等),包袋:例句: The medicine is put up in small bottles.这药装在小瓶里。5. 建造,盖起(房子),搭起(帐篷等);装置:例句: Many blocks of flats were put up in the 1990's.许多公寓式建筑群都是20世纪90年代建的。6. 接待,供给…(膳宿),得到(膳)宿,住旅馆:例句: I'm afraid I can't put you up.恐怕我不能给你们提供膳宿。7升起(旗帜、帆等),举起(手等):例句: Put your hands up!You are arrested.举起手来!你被捕了.put off1. 推迟(约会、旅行、访问等);推迟(和某人的)约会;拖延;延期:例句: We've invited friends to supper and it's too late to put them off now.我已邀请朋友来吃晚饭,现在取消已来不及了。2. 抛弃;摆脱;脱去;脱掉(衣、帽等);除去:例句: Why don't you put off your coat?你为何不脱掉外衣?3. 暂时把(某人)打发掉;把(某人、要求等)搪塞过去;支吾;推托;规避:例句: I put him off with a promise to pay him next week.我搪塞他说下星期给他付钱。put by1. 把…放在一边:例句: When I entered,he put by the letter he was reading and began to talk to me.我进去后,他便把正在看的信放到一旁,开始同我谈话。2. =put away3. 推迟对于…的考虑:例句: The principal,smiling, put the question by.校长对这个问题不予考虑,一笑置之。4. 积蓄;储存:例句: Try to put by a little bit each week.想法子每周存点钱下来。put down1. 镇压,压制,扑灭,取缔;制止:例句: The military junta is determined to put down all political opposition.政变上台后的军人政府决心镇压政治上的一切反对派。2. 夺去…的权力,剥夺职权;降级,降低…的位置:例句: He was put down from the office for peculation.他因侵吞公款而被降职。3. 写下来,记下来,记下名字和地址:例句: I'm having a party next Saturday;put it down in your notebook so you will not forget it.本星期六我有个聚会,把这事记在你的笔记本上以免忘记。4. 把…归因于:例句: I put it all down to his hard work and initiative.我把这一切归因于他工作既勤奋又主动。take after1. (在相貌、体格、性情等方面)像(父、母等);与…相像:例句: He takes after his father in being weak-minded.他优柔寡断,像他爸。In her gentle nature,Mary takes after her mother.玛丽性情温和,像她妈妈。2. 追赶;追捕;追逐:例句: The police took after the murderer.警方追捕谋杀犯。take in1. 让…进入;接纳,接受;吸收:例句: Our club plan to take in 20 new members.我们俱乐部计划吸收20名新会员。The ship stopped here to take in freight.这艘船在这里停泊装货。2. 欺骗,哄骗;使上当:例句: He took the girl in with his story.他用一套谎言蒙骗了那个女孩。I was badly taken in when I bought that second-hand television set.买那台二手的电视机让我上了大当。take off1. 脱下(衣帽、鞋子等),脱掉;拿掉,取下;移去;拆下,拆掉:例句: He took off his coat and sat down.他脱下大衣坐了下来。to take off one's glasses摘下眼镜2. 出发;匆匆离开:例句: The professor took off for Shanghai this morning.教授今天上午动身去上海了。Tom took off at the sight of trouble.一看到要出麻烦汤姆就溜走了。take up1. 拿起,捡起,举起,拔起;拿走:例句: She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty.他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。2. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等);费(时间);占据(注意力):例句: I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.对不起,我占了你这么多宝贵时间。The piano takes up too much space.这架钢琴占地方太多。turn down1. [美国英语]拒绝(请求、劝告等),屏斥;拒绝(某人)的请求(或劝告等);驳回:例句: Some impractical suggestions were turned down by the committee.一些不切实际的建议被委员会驳回了。Why did he turn down the invitation?他为什么拒绝了邀请?2. 关小(或扭小、调低)(灯光、声音、煤气等):例句: Please turn down the gas.请把煤气调小一些。Would you turn down your radio a little?把收音机关小一点好吗?turn off 关闭,关掉,关上(水源、煤气、电源等);关掉(水龙头等);关掉(电器):例句: She forgot to turn off the tap, so there was water all over the floor.她忘关水龙头了,地板上全是水。Have you turned off the TV?你关电视了吗?turn over1. 滚动;(使)颠倒;内翻;倒转;(使)倾覆:例句: The desk lamp was turned over by someone.台灯被人打翻了。The demonstrator turned over a police car.示威者推翻了一辆警车。2. 把…翻过来;(使)翻滚;翻身;翻转:例句: The doctor turned the patient over and looked at his back.医生给病人翻了个身,检查他的背部。The boy turned over in bed.男孩在床上翻了一个身。turn up1. 向上(翻、翘),翻起,翘起,卷起:例句: He turned up the ends of his trousers and waded across the river.他卷起裤脚蹚过河。2.到场,露面,出现,来到,到达;在约定的(或预期的时间或地点)抵达;应某人邀请…:例句: Many distinguished guests turned up at the meeting yesterday.许多贵宾出席了昨天的会议。