详细的讲解英文

英语中六大从句用法总结 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time. The news came that their team had won the championship. 5.定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 *限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations. Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。 That is all that I've heard from him. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)关系代词的省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with. 3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day. 5.定语从句 *非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。 Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism. *“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句 “介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar. *as引导的定语从句 as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。 These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems) As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语) 6.状语从句 *时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有： 1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、结果和目的状语从句 1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。 Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that ,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *条件和让步状语从句 1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。 As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data. 2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。 No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind. Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young) Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child) *方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him. Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

explain 英[ɪkˈspleɪn] 美[ɪkˈsplen] vt. 讲解，解释; vt. 说明…的原因，辩解; vi. 说明，解释，辩解; [例句]Not every judge, however, has the ability to explain the law in simple terms然而，不是每个法官都能用简单的语言来解释法律。[其他] 第三人称单数：explains 现在分词：explaining 过去式：explained过去分词：explained

有很多同学知道这个短语但是不知道什么意思，那么就看我今天给大家看看吧，今天我就给大家分享一下英语的短语

常用短语精解

1.to get on : (to enter, board)

【说明：】to get on(搭乘，上车) 动词get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介系词，后面的bus和subway用作它的受词。如果on作副词用，则有进步，相处甚好，与年事已长的意思。

【例：】

(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street.

我总是在34街搭乘公共汽车。

(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning.

威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。

2.to get off : (to leave, descend from)

说明：】to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意义，如寄出，离开等。下车也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不过下电车或公共汽车多用get off .

【例：】

(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street.

海伦在42街下公共汽车。

(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway?

你通常在那一站下地下火车?

3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes)

【说明：】

to put on (穿，戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作，表示穿着的状态，而put on是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的：

I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day (应用wear).dress的意思是

①put clothes on后面的受词一定是人，如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white,

②put on clothes, vk Get up and dress quickly. (快点起来穿好衣服。)

【例：】

(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room.

玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。

(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat?

约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢?

4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes)

【说明：】to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反，指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但较不通用。

【例：】

(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room.

约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。

(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room?

海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢?

5.to call up: (to telephone)

【说明：】to call up (打电话给)后面一定要有受词，也就是接电话的人。如果受词是代名词的话，常插在call与up 之间。

【例：】

(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock.

我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生，虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。

(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out?

我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗?

6.to turn on : (to start, begin)

【说明：】to turn on (扭开，打开)指扭开电灯，电炉，电扇，煤气等的按钮或开关，以及自来水的水龙头等而言。开电灯也可以用put on the light.

【例：】

(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark.

请你扭开电灯，这房间太黑暗了。

(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out.

我们外出时，有人把房内的电炉扭开了。

7.to turn off : (to stop, terminate extinguish)

【说明：】

to turn off (关闭，停止)指扭熄电灯，关闭无线电、自来水等。关灯也可以用put out the light.

【例：】

(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it now.

请把电灯关了，我们现在不需要它。

(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still listening to it?

我可以把收音机关掉吗，你是不是还要收听呢?

8.right away : (immediately, at once, very soon)

【说明：】right away (立刻，马上)为美国口头语，没有immediately与at once正式， 系一副词片语，与right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。

【例：】

(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away.

她说晚餐马上就准备好了。

(2) Can William come to my office right away?

威廉能够立刻就到我的办公室来吗?

9.to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)

【说明：】to pick up (拾起，拣起)尤指用手指把东西拿起业而言。To pick up还有很多其它的用法。如

①让人搭便车：

The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway

(这个乘汽车的人在公路上让两个军人搭乘便车。)

②听会，自然学会，(言语，游戏等)：

He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while living in France.

(他从来没有学过法文;他所知道的是他住在法国的时候听会的。)

③捉住，逮捕，萍水相逢便行订交，选出：

I picked up London lastnight.

(昨晚我在无线电听到了伦敦的播音。)

【例：】

(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on his desk.

约翰把书桌上的报纸拿了起来。

(2) Why didn’t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor?

你为什么不把地板上的那枝铅笔拾起来呢?

10.at once: (immediately, very soon, right away)

【说明：】

at once (立刻，马上)为一级通用的副词片语，也可以作为同时(simultaneously)解，如

This book is at once interesting and instructive.

(此书既有趣又有益。)

【例：】

(1) He asked me to come to his office at once.

他请我立刻就到他的办公室去。

(2) I want you to send this telegram at once.

我希望你马上把这电报发出去。