分词分为:过去分词和现在分词.即动词加-ed或-ing 过去分词,可用作表示过去发生的动作,如:I wrote a letter.我写过一封信 现在分词,可用作表示现在正在发生的动作,如:I am writing a letter.我正在写一封信 另外,两种分词可以用作状语或引导状语从句,如: Giving the money back to him,I feel happy,我把钱还给他,我感觉高兴 Given the money back to me,I feel happy.把钱给我(我被给),我感到高兴 现在分词的基本功能. 1. 现在分词作定语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征,此时可换成相应的定语从句.例如: ① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. ② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow. ③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech. 2. 现在分词作状语时,可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性.例如: ① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here. ② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. ③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. 3. 现在分词作补足语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.例如: ① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. ② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 4. 现在分词的独立主格结构作状语.例如: ① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word. ②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “妈妈!”他突然哭着喊,泪水从他的脸上流下来.(这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 tears rolling down his cheeks 作状语.) ③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天气允许的话,我们就去长城.(这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 Weather permitting 作状语.
分词是英语中动词的变化形式,分为现在分词(动词+ing)和过去分词(规则动词+ed;不规则动词靠死记)。对于初二同学来说,要知道be+现在分词构成进行时态,表示"正在做某事"。比如:He is talking with his friend. 他正在和他朋友谈话。have(has)+过去分词构成完成时态,表示动作已经完成。比如:He has fininshed his homework. 他已经写完了家庭作业。