口语中表示刚刚,刚才有这几种说法,根据时间的长短来排序:just now(不确定,亦短亦长,总的来说表示瞬间短的情况比较多), a few minutes ago(非常短),a short time ago(稍短), ,a short while ago(短)在英语的口语中,他们用到的频率可以说都是一样的,都是非常常用的口语表达。因为这几个短语中just now的用法比较特殊,那么我现在就来讲一下针对just now的用法:当just now出现在一句口语里面的时候,究竟什么时候表示刚刚呢,就是当谓语动词是过去式的时候比如:I saw him just now. 我刚才看见他了.一看到saw,那么这个just now一定是刚才意思了just now的其他用法:例:Come and see me later, but not just now. 以后再来找我, 现在别来.强调就在此时此刻的意思Business is good just now. 目前生意不错. 目前,现阶段的意思可以通过分析business的好坏是一个过程,所以可以判定这是目前的意思了。所以,"我刚刚出去了"你可以根据你的情况用上面4个短语哪一个都可以I went out just nowI went out a few minutes agoI went out a short time agoI went out a short while ago
1) no sooner... than... ,"一...就..." ,引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时,"than"后面的从句用一般过去时.(从这里可以知道,no sooner后面是主句;than后面是从句)例: I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来No sooner ...than...常放在句首,表示强调.这时主句要倒装.例:No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.2)与这个短语类似的还有hardly ... when 意思为:"还没...就..." (主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时)例: We had hardly gotten there when it began to rain. 我们还没到那儿,天就下起雨了.Hardly...when...也常放在句首例: Hardly had we gotten there when it began to rain.3)no sooner than 和hardly when以及as soon as这三个短语都有“一……就”、“刚刚……就”的意思,它们的意思非常相近,因此有时可以互换。例如:“我刚到公共汽车站,汽车就开了。”一句,就可以有如下几句译法:As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started.Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.4) 但他们之间也有一些差异,例如,如果从两件事情的间隔时间来说,as soon as 较长,no sooner...than 居中,hardly...when 间隔时间最短。其它的一些区别见下面,请大家在运用的时候要留意。a、as soon as它的意思相当于“A事情发生以后,就做B这件事”。这个短语用的比较常用,口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是,在句子中的位置比较灵活,而且可以用于各种时态。例如:I'll write you as soon as I get there.我一到那儿就给你来信。(一般现在时)As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.我一进门,Katherine 就高兴的叫起来。(一般过去时)I'll return the book as soon as I have read it.我一读完就把书还回去。(现在完成时)Andrew left as soon as he had drunk his coffee.Andrew一喝完咖啡就走了。(过去完成时)b、no sooner…than它的意思相当于“刚做完A这件事,就做B这件事”。例如:He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.他一回来就买了一套房子。如果no sooner 位于句首,主句要用倒装结构。例如:No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.运动会刚开始,天就下起了大雨。有一点要注意,no sooner…than 一般用来描述做过的事情,它不能用于表示将来的事。c、hardly…when...它的意思是“几乎未来得及做完A这件事,紧接着就开始B这件事。”使用这个短语时,一般用于过去完成时;并且when有时可改用before。例如:He had hardly finished the article when the light went out.他刚要写完文,灯就熄了。He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house.他还未安顿下来,就卖掉了那所房子。另外,如果把hardly放于句首,主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词要提前。如:Hardly had I finished eating when he came in.我刚吃完他就进来了。Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.她还没走出家门,就有一个学生来看望她。