职称英语理工题库

第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。

第一篇

The Issue of Package

Maybe everyone has such an experience that you have to unwrap several layers of packaging when you enjoy a piece of candy. But this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.

The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up scarce energy and resources and messing up the environment.

Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies, washed out,and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.

The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.

It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and reuse of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers as opposed to producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.

31. "This overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. " (Line 2, Paragraph 1) means __________.

A. more wrapping is needed for ordinary products

B. more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products

C. too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products

D. the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary

32. Packaging is important to manufacturers because __________.

A. it is easy to use it again

B. shoppers are interested in beautiful packaging

C. they want to attract more shoppers

D. packaged things will not go rotten

33. According to the passage, dairies are __________.

A. experimenting with the use of paper bottles

B. giving up the use of glass bottles

C. increasing the use of plastic bottles

D. re-using their paper containers

34. Some environmentalists think that __________.

A. plastic packaging should be made more convenient

B. no alternative can be found to plastic packaging

C. too much plastic is wasted

D. shops should stop using plastic containers

35. The author thinks that

A. packing is actually useless and could be ignored

B.people will soon stop using packaging altogether

C.enough research has been done into recycling

D.it is better to produce new materials than to re—tlSe old ones

第二篇

Electric Backpack

Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don't mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.

Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. have invented a backpack thatmakes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions search-and-rescue operations and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cellphones global positioning system (GPS) receivers,night-vision goggles, and other battery powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpack's electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer's load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept.9 science.

The backpack's electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer's back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts.

Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack's oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.

The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren't on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!

36. Backpacks are convenient because __________.

A o they can be verylarge

B. they can hold as many things as you want to carry

C. your handsare freed to do other things

Do you do not have to carry things withyou

37. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented byLawrence C.Romeand his colleagues?

A. It produces electricity forelectronic devices while the wearer walks.

B. It can be used as cellphones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.

C. It is small andconvenient.

D. It is light and easy to carry.

38. The word "'springs" in Paragraph 3 means __________.

A. a small stream of water flowing naturally from theearth

B. the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer

C. the act or an instance of jumping or leaping

D. a length of metal woundaround, which returns to its original shape afterbeing pushed

39. According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?

A. To make the backpackmore comfortable for the wearer.

B. To put the backpack on the market.

C. To test the advantage of the backpack.

D. To promote the backpack in anewspaper or on television.

40. What is implied in "if you do get oneeventually, just make sure to look bothways before crossing the street!"?

A. You will be too excited to watch the traffic.

B. Enjoyingelectronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.

C. It is notpossible for you to get such a backpack.

D. It is wise of you to have such abackpack.

第三篇

Invisibility Ring

Scientists can't yet make an invisibility cloak like the one that Harry Potter uses. But, for the first time, they've constructed a simple cloaking device that makes itself and something placed inside it invisible to microwaves.

When a person "sees" an object, his or her eye senses many different waves of visible light as they bounce off the object. The eye and brain then work together to organize the sensations and reconstruct the object's original shape. So, to make an object invisible, scientists have to keep waves from bouncing off it. And they have to make sure the object casts no shadow. Otherwise, the absence of reflected light on one side would give the object away.

Invisibility isn't possible yet with waves of light that the human eye can see. But it is now possible with microwaves. Like visible light, microwaves are a form of radiant energy. They are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which also includes radio waves, infrared light, ultravioletmys, X rays, and gamma rays. The wave lengths of microwaves are shorter than those of radio waves but longer than those of visible light.

The scientists' new "invisibility device" is the size of a drink coaster and shaped likearing. The ring is made of a special material with unusual ability. When microwaves strike thering, very few bounce off it. Instead, they pass through the ring, which bends the waves all the way around until they reach the opposite side. The waves then return to their original paths.

To a detector set up to receive microwaves on the other side of the ring, it looks as if the waves never changed their paths as if there were no object in the way! So, the ring is effectively invisible.

When the researchers put a small copper loop inside the ring, it, too, is nearly invisible.

However, the cloaking device and anything inside it do cast a pale shadow. And the device works only for microwaves, not for visible light or any kind of electromagnetic radiation. So, Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't have any real competition yet.

41. Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientists __________.

A. can now make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses

B. try to make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses

C. try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses

D. know that it is possible to make an invisible cloak of the same kind

42. What is true of microwaves?

A. Their wavelengths are shorter than those of visible light.

B. Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.

C. They are different from visible light as they are a kind of radiant energy.

D. They are visible to the human eye.

43. What is NOT true of the invisibility device?

A. It is made of a special material with unusual ability.

B. Microwaves bounce off it when they strike it.

C. Microwaves pass through it when they strike it.

D. It bends the microwaves all the way around until they reach the opposite side.

44. What does the word "coaster" mean in the passage?

A. A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.

B. A vessel engaged in coastal trade.

C. A roller coaster.

D. A resident of a coastal area.

45. Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't have any real competition yet, because __________.

A. scientists have not found out how his cloak works

B. the cloaking device is a total failure

C. the cloaking device works only for microwaves

D. the cloaking device works only for visible light

The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen

1 Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech：It’s a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you don’t have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work.1

2 Logitech’s technology works like this：The pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink2. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing3, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this information—the movement of your pen on the paper, basically — is then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen’s memory. As far as you are concerned4, you are just using a normal pen.

3 It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do” task, or a diagram to be ed into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats.

4 The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You don’t have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off5.

5 It is a great product because it does not force you to work differently—walking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.

6 The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx6, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by hand — instead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with it — transferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions direct to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork.

词汇：

lug 吃力地携带 snapshot快照 patchwork 拼凑的东西，杂絵

doodle 信手写就的资料 cradle 座，支架 download 下载

tick 打上小记号 notepad 记事本 destined 预定的

laptop 笔记本电脑，膝上电脑 whip 猛地拔出 strap 用带扣住

cumbersome 麻烦的

pharmacy 药房

注释：

1.And you don’t have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work：to work是动词不定式，用作目的状语，修饰lugb for it是work的逻辑主语。it指代io Personal Digital Pen。

2.ballpoint pen ink：圆珠笔墨水

3.a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing：is also taking 100 snapshots和of what you are doing之间插入了per second。

4.As far as you are concerned：就你而言

5.…you are off：……你就能开始工作了

6.FedEx：联邦快递公司

练习：

1.Paragraph 2 _________.

2.Paragraph 3 _________.

3.Paragraph 5 _________.

4.Paragraph 6 _________.

A A Friendly and Convenient Device

B Ways to Download the Stored Information

C Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io Pen

D Customers’ Passion for the Io Pen

E FedEx the First User of the Io Pen

F Working Principles of the Io Personal Digital Pen

5.There is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital Pen because _________.

6.If you want to download what you have done with the magic pen, _________.

7.The magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home or office because _________.

8.No matter what you write or draw, _________

A you don’t have to carry your laptop along

B the information will be shown digitally on the pen

C FedEx has special software to store your information

D it works like an ordinary pen

E you simply place the pen into its computer-connected cradle

F the movement of your pen is recorded digitally inside the pen

答案与题解：

1.F 第二段介绍神奇笔的工作原理。笔内装有一个摄像头，把写的字或画的图转换为数码，存储在笔内的记忆装置里。

2.B 第三段介绍把神奇笔存储的信息下载到电脑中的过程，其中很重要的一个设备是将笔与电脑相连接的cradle(笔座)。

3.A 第五段介绍神奇笔的优越性，使用的方式和使用普通笔一样，不用携带显示屏，不用带附件。所以，这段的内容可以概括为A friendly and convenient device。

4.C 最后一段列举了有可能使用神奇笔的其他地方。

5.D 文章中多处都提到the io Personal Digital Pen用起来很方便，普通的笔怎么用，the io Personal Digital Pen也怎么用。因此，it works like an ordinary pen是答案。

6.E download和使用cradle的内容可在第三段第一句、第二句中找到。

7.A 题干中的convenient和when you work away from home or office提示我们要选A。第五段第一句说，外出时不用携带显示屏或附件。

8.F 第二段第三句是选F的依据。

译文：神奇的io私人数字笔

仔细看看由Logitech公司发明的io私人数字笔吧。这是一种神奇的笔。可以将你写的所有东西储存下来并转换到计算机上，而你在使用这种数字笔时却不必携带手持设备。

Logitech技术的工作原理如下：这种笔使用一种普通的圆珠笔墨水，和平常一样写字。但是当你写字时，笔内的一个极小的摄像头也在以每秒钟100张的速度对你所写的内容进行快速拍摄，通过印在纸上的'小点块拼出你所写的内容。然后，无论你是记笔记还是画复杂图表，所以的信息——基本上都是笔在纸上的移动——都将以数字形式存储于笔中。你可在笔的存储器中存储多达40页的资料。而对你来说，你只不过是在使用一支普通的笔而已。

只有当你将笔插入与PC机连接的笔座中时，有趣的事才真正开始。你的PC机的专用软件会估算出你所做之事，并下载你最新写下的所有文件。根据你是否在专用记事本的一些特定框里打对号，这种笔还可以辨别出文档是电子邮件、“待执行”人物还是要插入文字处理文档的图表。文档下载后，你就可以查看、打印或将其转换为其他形式。

io私人数字笔可妥善又简单地解决手写笔记的存储、共享和检索问题，也可处理图表、图片以及其他非文本资料。你不必携带电脑，你只需要拿出笔和专门用纸就能开始工作了。

这是一种很了不起的产品，因为你的工作不会因之产生任何麻烦——你不必携带显示屏，也不必携带任何附件。它非常轻便，如果你需要的话，也可以当普通笔来用，而这种专用记事本看起来摸起来都很像普通记事本。有些人会很好奇，不明白为什么你在用雪茄写字，这是唯一看起来令人费解的地方。

io私人数字笔在其他方面也很有潜力。例如，联邦快递公司正引进一种数字笔，从而用户可用手填写表格，而无需再费力劳神地打进机器中。如果数字为数字型，几乎所有事情都可由这种笔来完成——例如将数据通过无线方式或手机传输到中心计算机上。医生可将处方直接转到药房，减少了欺诈行为的发生。警察可将报告发回警察局，减少了文书工作。

考试宝典kaoguo8 大力推出"2015职称英语考试辅导"，针对每个考生的不同学习状况，进行有对性的讲解、训练、答疑、模考，并对学习过程进行跟踪、分析、指导，从整体上大幅提升学员的考试通过率，现在报名更有超值优惠。