同义替换英文

就是指名词同义词替换进行句子转换. 同义句转换是英语句型转换的一种重要形式,也是中考命题的一个热点.该题型主要考查同学们对英语词汇、句型的掌握情况和灵活运用的能力.其特点是涉及面广、语言点多、方式灵活、要求较高、难度较大. 一、用同义词（近义词）或词组改写 做此题型时,我们可以采用“词语替代法”,此法是指用词性相同的同义词、近义词或同义词组对原句的某些成分进行简单的替代,而句子结构保持不变.因此,我们在学习过程中要掌握尽可能多的同义词（组）,如：be able to,can；arrive in（at）,reach,get to；be good at,do well in；have a good time,enjoy oneself；look after,take care of；over,more than等等.具体运用时,还要注意它们在句中的位置,形式与转换后句中其他部分的相应变化.例如： 1．Every day,Wang Zhizhi receives emails from thousands of basketball fans． Every day,Wang Zhizhi _______ _______ thousands of basketball fans． 2．They will get to London in four days． They will _______ _______ London in four days． 答案：1．hears from 2．arrive in 二、运用反义词或词组改写 英语中有些反义词（组）具有非此即彼的排它性.因此其否定式与其对应的反义词（组）同义.如：same与different ,not same＝ different ,not different＝same ,所以此类反义词（组）的否定式可以用于同义转换.另外,用反义词（组）替换,要注意上下句主语间的互换.例如： 3．The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race． The runner _______ _______ the others in the race． 4．Tom borrowed a picture book from the boy just now． The boy _______ a picture book _______ Tom just now． 答案：3．fell behind 4．lent；to 三、用派生词或一词多义改写 此类题型可采用“词类转换法”,利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来代替原句中的某些成分.此时句子结构会发生一些变化.例如： 5．The snow was heavy last night． It _______ _______ last night． 6．The foreigners have visited the Great Wall． The foreigners have been _______ _______ _______ to the Great Wall． 答案：5．snowed heavily 6．on a visit

be动词前提

英文中的同义词替换

1、 important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

2、common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)

3、abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)

4、stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)

5、neglect=ignore、(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention、)

6、near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)

7、pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it、 FORMAL)

8、accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)

9、vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10、top=peak, summit

11、competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)

12、blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)

13、opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

14、fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15、build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16、insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)

17、complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18、primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental

19、relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)

20、force=coerce (coerce means you make someone do something he does not want to),compel

21、enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)

22、complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)

23、 Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)

24、small=minuscule(very small), minute,

25、praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)

26、hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly

27、difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)

28、poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)

29、fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)

30、show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people、)

31、big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)

32、avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it)

33、fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something、)

34、attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)

35、dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)

36、ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it、)

39、always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)

40、forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)

41、surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)

42、enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)

43、quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)

44、expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)

45、luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)

46、boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)

47、respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her、 FORMAL)

48、worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)

49、cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)

50、hot=boiling(very hot)

51、dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health

52、nowadays=currently

53、only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;

54、stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)

55、part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)

56、result=consequence(the results or effects of something)

57、obvious=apparent, manifest

58、based on=derived from

60、quite=fairly

61、pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)

62、field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)

63、appear=emerge(come into existence)

64、whole=entire(the whole of something)

65、wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)

66、wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)

67、difficult=formidable

68、change=convert(change into another form)

69、typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)

70、careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)

71、ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)

72、strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)

73、rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)

74、use= utilize (the same as use)

75、dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it、)

76、satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)

77、short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)

78、scholarship=fellowship

79、angry=enraged(extremely angry)

80、smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)

81、ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#

82、attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)

83、diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of

things)

84、disorder=disarray, chaos

85、crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)

86、rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves

success quickly)

87、ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)

88、despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)

89、best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)

90、sharp=acute(severe and intense)

91、unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very

unlike to happen ^

92、puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/herbecause he/she does not understand it)

93、method=avenue(away of getting something done)

94、famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)

95、ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)

96、decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via

decorating it with something else)

97、possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)

98、so=consequently, accordingly

99、rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)

100、greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)

一、运用同义词(组)进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers __________.分析:答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.分析:答案为same as。be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”,其否定式与be different from同义。2. I think wealth is less important than health.I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.分析:答案为don’t,more。less important的意思是“没有(不及)……重要”;more important的意思是“(比)……更重要”,该结构与not连用,则表示“不比……更重要”。另外,有的反义词即使不与否定词连用,而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:He lent some money to his friend.He friend ___ some money ___ him.分析:答案为borrowed,from。borrow…from意为“向……借……”;lend…to意为“把……借给……”。两个结构意思相反,但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置,则可转换为同义句。三、运用不同语态进行转换即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如:1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.分析:答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should,因此助动词用be。2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.分析:答案为are,used。computers是复数名词,助动词用are。四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:1. The manager left two hours ago.The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.分析:答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词,不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用,而改成be away这样的延续性动词后,则可连用一段时间。2. The film began five minutes ago.The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.分析:答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态,“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.答案:has been in。短暂动词join,意为“参加、加入(组织,政党)”,不能与延续时间状语连用,与延续性时间状语连用时,将join改成be in或be a member in…。五、运用不同引语进行转换即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.分析:答案为told,had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.分析:答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.分析:答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.分析:答案为too excited to。将so…that…换成too…to…结构,原句的that从句为结果状语从句,改写句中的不定式仍表结果。3. Now I will show you how to do the work.Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.分析:答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。4. You should put them back after you use them.You should put them back _____ _____ them.分析:答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.分析:答案为If,don’t。if引导条件状语从句。2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.分析:答案为who/ that,will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句,修饰先行词the man。八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子即运用关联连词both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(两者)都不”,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.分析:答案为Both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(两者)都”。3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.分析:答案为not only,but also。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换这类典型结构如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do I等。如:1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.分析:答案为so do。句意为“……他的父母也一样(一样想去)”。2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.分析:答案为didn’t,until。not…until意为“直到……才”。 一、运用同义词(组)进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers __________.分析:答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.分析:答案为same as。be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”,其否定式与be different from同义。2. I think wealth is less important than health.I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.分析:答案为don’t,more。less important的意思是“没有(不及)……重要”;more important的意思是“(比)……更重要”,该结构与not连用,则表示“不比……更重要”。另外,有的反义词即使不与否定词连用,而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:He lent some money to his friend.He friend ___ some money ___ him.分析:答案为borrowed,from。borrow…from意为“向……借……”;lend…to意为“把……借给……”。两个结构意思相反,但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置,则可转换为同义句。三、运用不同语态进行转换即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如:1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.分析:答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should,因此助动词用be。2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.分析:答案为are,used。computers是复数名词,助动词用are。四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:1. The manager left two hours ago.The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.分析:答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词,不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用,而改成be away这样的延续性动词后,则可连用一段时间。2. The film began five minutes ago.The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.分析:答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态,“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.答案:has been in。短暂动词join,意为“参加、加入(组织,政党)”,不能与延续时间状语连用,与延续性时间状语连用时,将join改成be in或be a member in…。五、运用不同引语进行转换即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.分析:答案为told,had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.分析:答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.分析:答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.分析:答案为too excited to。将so…that…换成too…to…结构,原句的that从句为结果状语从句,改写句中的不定式仍表结果。3. Now I will show you how to do the work.Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.分析:答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。4. You should put them back after you use them.You should put them back _____ _____ them.分析:答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.分析:答案为If,don’t。if引导条件状语从句。2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.分析:答案为who/ that,will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句,修饰先行词the man。八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子即运用关联连词both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(两者)都不”,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.分析:答案为Both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(两者)都”。3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.分析:答案为not only,but also。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换这类典型结构如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do I等。如:1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.分析:答案为so do。句意为“……他的父母也一样(一样想去)”。2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.分析:答案为didn’t,until。not…until意为“直到……才”。 一、运用同义词(组)进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers __________.分析:答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.分析:答案为same as。be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”,其否定式与be different from同义。