转述英文

间接引语是拉丁语语法名词，又叫间接引述，英文为 indirect statement也可表达为reported speech。只用在表述意见的动词 perception 之后的一种从句，这种从句并非由主语直接叙述出来，而是通过第三人转述的。实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句，当直接引语为祈使句，陈述句，疑问句被转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间，时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。间接引语其实就是我们所说的第三人称转述。直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said.——>She said she was very glad to visit our school.“我能参观你的学校非常高兴。“她说。——>她说她很高兴参观我们的学校。Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.”——>Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.汤姆说，“我们正在听流行音乐。”——>汤姆说他们正在听流行音乐。Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”——>Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.妈妈问，“你在你看电视之前完成你的家庭作业吗？“——>母亲问我是否在我看电视之前完成我的作业。He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”——>He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.他问售票员，“我应该在哪儿下车换乘3路公共汽车？“——>他问售票员，他应该在哪儿下车换乘3路公共汽车。“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked.——>The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.“她为什么拒绝去那里？“老师问。——>老师问她为什么拒绝去那里。Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.”——>Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.汤姆说，“我们昨天的这个时候正在进行一场足球比赛。”——>汤姆说他们前一天正在进行一场足球比赛的。He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days.”——>He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.他说，“这些天我没有收到我父母的来信。”——>他说这些天他没有收到我父母的来信。She said, "He always feels tired."→She said (that) he always feels tired.她说，“他总是感到累。”她说他总是觉得累。直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况：1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：He always says, “I am tired out.”——>He always says that he is tired out.2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say, “I'll try my best to help you.”——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：He said, “I went to college in 1994.”——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.”——>He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”——>Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：He said，“Practice makes perfect.”——>He said that practice makes perfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used t-o, need时，如：例如：The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.”——>The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如：Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化：1）指示代词：these 变成those2）地点状语：here变成thereShe said, “I won't come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn’t go there any more..3）动词：come变成go，bring变成take希望我能帮助你解疑释惑。

It is said that a smile sends a positive message and is appropriate in all but a life and death situation.非人称转述结构一、定义 转述人们的一般认识或说的话时，我们可以用It + 动词 (如：say, know, believe, claim, suppose, think, fear, predict)被动式结构，此种结构被称为“非人称转述结构(Impersonal Report Structure)。 二、用法 It is said that dolphins are very friendly animals.据说海豚是非常友好的动物。 It is reported that the plane was hijacked.据报道飞机被劫持了。上述结构也可转换为另外一种结构，可以把有关的人和事放在句首：subject + the passive + infinitive。1、如果转述的动作或状态发生于转述的同一时间或还未发生，不定式用一般时。 Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals. 据说海豚是非常友好的动物。 They were feared to give up.他们恐怕会放弃。2、如果转述的动作发生在转述之前，不定式用完成时。 The plane is reported to have been hijacked. 据报道飞机被劫持了。3、如果转述的动作正在发生，不定式用进行时。 He is said to be studying abroad now.据说他现在正在国外学习。

转述是指把别人说的话说给另外的人。