歌剧英语介绍

Opera (Italian: [ˈɔːpera]; English plural: operas; Italian plural: opere [ˈɔːpere]) is an art form in which singers andmusicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting.In traditional opera, singers do two types of singing:recitative, a speech-inflected style and arias, a more melodic style. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smallermusical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor.Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition.It started in Italy at the end of the 16th century (with Jacopo Peri's lost Dafne, produced in Florence in 1598) and soon spread through the rest of Europe: Heinrich Schütz in Germany, Jean-Baptiste Lully in France, and Henry Purcellin England all helped to establish their national traditions in the 17th century. In the 18th century, Italian opera continued to dominate most of Europe (except France), attracting foreign composers such as George Frideric Handel. Opera seria was the most prestigious form of Italian opera, until Christoph Willibald Gluckreacted against its artificiality with his "reform" operas in the 1760s. In the 2000s, the most renowned figure of late 18th-century opera is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who began with opera seria but is most famous for his Italian comic operas, especially The Marriage of Figaro (Le nozze di Figaro), Don Giovanni, and Così fan tutte, as well as The Magic Flute (Die Zauberflöte), a landmark in the German tradition.

Musical theatre is a form of theatre that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The story and emotional content of the piece – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole. Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like operaand dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements of the works. Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.

The Sydney Opera House is located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the most distinctive and famous 20th century buildings, and one of the most famous performing arts venues in the world. Situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour, with parkland to its south and close to the equally famous Sydney Harbour Bridge, the building and its surroundings form an iconic Australian image. To some, the spherical-sectioned shells are reminiscent of the flotilla of sailboats commonly cruising there. It is a major tourist attraction even though most visitors have little interest in attending performances.As well as many touring theatre, ballet, and musical productions, the Opera House is the home of Opera Australia, the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. It is administered by the Opera House Trust, under the New South Wales Ministry of the Arts.

Opera is a form of theatre in which the drama is conveyed wholly or predominantly through music and singing. Opera emerged in Italy around the year 1600 and is generally associated with the Western classical music tradition. Opera uses many of the elements of spoken theatre such as scenery, costumes, and acting. Generally, however, opera is distinguished from other dramatic forms by the importance of song and conventions of vocal technique. The singers are accompanied by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full symphonic orchestra. Opera may also incorporate dance; this was especially true of French opera for much of its history.Comparable art forms from various other parts of the world, many of them ancient in origin, exist and are also sometimes called "opera" by analogy, usually prefaced with an adjective indicating the region (for example, Chinese opera). These independent traditions are not derivative of Western opera, but are rather distinct forms of musical theatre. Opera is also not the only type of Western musical theatre: in the ancient world, Greek drama featured singing and instrumental accompaniment; and in modern times, other forms such as the musical have appeared.The word opera means "works" in Italian (from the plural of Latin opus meaning "work" or "labour") suggesting that it combines the arts of solo and choral singing, declamation, acting and dancing in a staged spectacle. Dafne by Jacopo Peri was the earliest composition considered opera, as understood today. It was written around 1597, largely under the inspiration of an elite circle of literate Florentine humanists who gathered as the "Camerata". Significantly, Dafne was an attempt to revive the classical Greek drama, part of the wider revival of antiquity characteristic of the Renaissance. The members of the Camerata considered that the "chorus" parts of Greek dramas were originally sung, and possibly even the entire text of all roles; opera was thus conceived as a way of "restoring" this situation. Dafne is unfortunately lost. A later work by Peri, Euridice, dating from 1600, is the first opera score to have survived to the present day. The honour of being the first opera still to be regularly performed, however, goes to Claudio Monteverdi's Orfeo, composed for the court of Mantua in 1607.

The phantom of the opera(歌剧魅影) The story is set in1882,London.（故事发生在1882年的伦敦） It is said that there was a phantom of the opera in the theater.（据说在伦敦大剧院里有个魅影）The phantom of the opera found that an actress named Christine had a nice voice.(魅影发现了一个名叫克里斯汀的女演员，她的嗓音非常好)Then he was for in love with Christine.（慢慢地他爱上了克里斯汀）The phantom of the opera tried to make Christine succeed in singing.(魅影设法让克里斯汀在演唱上成功)But Christine didn't know.In fact,Christine didn't love him.(但是克里斯汀不知道也不爱魅影)Christine found that a watcher was her lover named Raoul in the childhood.(克里斯汀发现一个叫Raoul 的观众正是她童年喜欢的人)Then Christine and Raoul for in love with each other.(然后，克里斯汀和Raoul陷入爱河)The phantom of the opera was very angry.He caught Christine into the basement.(魅影很生气，他把克里斯汀抓进了地下室)Raoul tried to save Christine but he was almost killed by the phaontom of the opera(Raoul设法救克里斯汀，但是他差点被魅影杀死)Finally Christine agreed that she would be with the phaontom of the opera forever so that Raoul could be alive and gave a deeply kiss to him.(最后，克里斯汀为了能救Raoul 答应魅影一直和他在一起并给了他深深的一吻)The phaontom of the opera was moved by her and set free for Christine and Raoul.(魅影被克里斯汀感动了，放了他俩)In the end of the story,Christine married Raoul and had a happy life. (故事的最后，克里斯汀和Raoul 结婚，过上了幸福的生活)

The musical (Musical theater, referred to as Musicals), which was originally translated as a musical, is a form of stage art that combines singing, dialogue, performance, and dance.

音乐剧（英语：Musical theater，简称 Musicals），早期译称为歌舞剧，是一种舞台艺术形式，结合了歌唱、对白、表演、舞蹈。

Through the close combination of songs, lines, music, and body movements, the storyline and the emotions contained therein are expressed.

通过歌曲、台词、音乐、肢体动作等的紧密结合，把故事情节以及其中所蕴含的情感表现出来。

Although musicals have similarities with stage performances such as opera, dance, and drama, they are unique in that they give equal importance to songs, dialogues, physical movements, performances, and so on.

虽然音乐剧和歌剧、舞剧、话剧等舞台表演形式有相似之处，但它的独特之处在于：它对歌曲、对白、肢体动作、表演等等因素给予同样的重视。

Musical plays are performed all over the world, but the most frequent places to perform are Broadway in New York City and West End in the UK.

音乐剧在全世界各地都有上演，但演出最频密的地方是美国纽约市的百老汇和英国的伦敦西区。

扩展资料：

音乐剧特色结构：

文本组成：

音乐剧的文本由以下几个部份组成：音乐的部份称为乐谱（score）、歌唱的字句称为歌词（lyrics）、对白的字句称为剧本（book/script）。有时音乐剧也会沿用歌剧里面的称谓，将歌词和剧本统称为曲本（libretto）。

音乐剧的长度并没有固定标准，但大多数音乐剧的长度都介乎两小时至三小时之间。通常分为两幕，间以中场休息。如果将歌曲的重复和背景音乐计算在内，一出完整的音乐剧通常包含二十至三十首曲。

音乐剧擅于以音乐和舞蹈表达人物的情感、故事的发展和戏剧的冲突，有时语言无法表达的强烈情感，可以利用音乐和舞蹈表达。在戏剧表达的形式上，音乐剧是属于表现主义的。在一首曲之中，时空可以被压缩或放大，例如男女主角可以在一首歌曲的过程之中由相识变成堕入爱河，这是一般写实主义的戏剧中不容许的。