图文摘要英文

摘要（summary）是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。下面谈谈如何写好英文摘要。1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。2）弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。（2）安排好篇幅的比例。摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求MY TEACHERMy former teacher, who had taught me English for six years, is a woman in her sixties. I describe her as a "woman" at her age because in my mind's eye, she never loses her attraction in fashions, light cosmetics, and particularly, her skills scarves whether it is in summer or winter. I still remember the first day when I met her in junior high school, she showed me around the new campus and my nervousness melted gradually in her unassuming manner, something resembling my grandma's, and something more beyond the average older person's.She was born in Hong Kong and after her Westernized education, she became a journalist. Owing to this special profession, she could come to China freely, there in Beijing, she met a young engineer who later on won her heart and married her. Then she stayed, serving as a faculty member in Beijing Foreign language Institution. Maybe she was destined to enjoy mo tranquility, for everything changed almost in a day's time. Because of the unprecedented culture revolution, she and her husband, they two intellectuals were sent to a small town - though it becomes my hometown - and it was they who, dedicated themselves to the so-called city construction. She swept the streets, plants trees, and did all kinds of labor but return to school. As to that period of time, she just sighed a simple reply "the past has passed, I have not, and will still not regret my decision to stay." But more and less, her wrinkled serious face revealed her untold stories and endurance. Teacher that she is, she's well-known for drawing cartoon pictures. Dull texts were changed into impressive clues and knowledge that most interested us. Often it was up to us to stand on the rostrum, expressing whatever we had to say in English. She would rather be an audience sitting among us, and of course, a stern critic as well.She set up her own image to teach us knowledge, and also, a sense of responsibility. During one winter vacation, she volunteered to assist us in preparing the provincial English contest. I clearly remember a day just before the New Year's Eve, when she appeared a little bit late like a snowman in the classroom, the whole noisy class fell into silence. It was snowing hard outside, yet the inside warmth encouraged us to work even harder.Ever year groups of students said good-bye to her on their way to college. Luckily I was one of her last students as now she has got retired. It seemed to be arranged that we went to see her during every vacation. How I wish to listen to her again, sharing her fresh ideas about the national affairs, about the campus, about each of her Christmas Days in Hong Kong. She's still young and talkative, as IN the days in her teaching career.Bad news came that her husband died of cancer this summer before I went back. How could she endure such misfortune? How could she kill her loneliness? I wondered on the upstairs to visit her when I heard that piece of familiar piano music. The tone sounded so elegant that it reminded me of the player at once - it must be my dear teacher!Now she's living alone as her two daughters live abroad. "You see the walls of original novels? I bought them at your age but not until now could I have enough time to red. And my favorite piano, the birthday present sent by my husband, will keep me company." With these words about her leisure, she sat down by the piano again.I was deeply engrossed in her playing, through which I knew her further, a devoted teacher WHO seeks neither fame nor gain, and a splendid character who has undergone a lifetime of ups and downs.1. House, it’s very important for us, because we must study, live ,and sleep in it . My dream house is very different from the usual house. I would like to introduce it to you if you are interested in it. The shape of my dream house like a strawberry; the roof if green, and walls are red. Let’s enter my dream house and look around: it consists of a living-room, a study-room, a bedroom, and a bathroom. The wall of the bedroom is covered with mink, so that I can sleep with a sweet dream and feel more comfortable. There are a lot of things in my house ----such as computers,televisions, telephones, tables, beds, and so on. Of course, the cost of my dream house is very big, too. How can make my dream come true? We will realize it only by our hard working. 2. My favorite aimals are dogs. I thank they are very cute and friendly. I have a big dog. his name is BoBi. He is 2 years old. He sleeps during the day. but at night he gets up and eats meat. He is very beautiful and a little shy. He likes to play with his friends. Isn`t he cute? 3. I have a lovely dog. It name's Nacy.It's a young dog. It's only one years old. When I do my homework in my bedroom,it usually plays on my bed.It likes playing with me.We go to the park every evening.When I am ling on the grass , it will sit near me.It can help me do many things . It can make me smile . All my friends are love my dog very much!What a lovely dog! I love my dog! It loves me too! 4. My Happy Family There're five members in my fmaily —— my parents , my grandparents , my sister and me . My mother is a teacher.She teaches Chinese in our school.She likes music.My fater is a teacher,too.He teaches art in the GuangMing pirmary school.He likes painting.My grandmother is a nurse.She likes reading book.My grandfather is a doctor.He likes play chess. I am Betty.I'm in Shi Yan pirmary school.I'm in Class 2 Gread 5.I like singing and dancing. My sister is Diana.She likes singing and dancing,too. Look!I have a happy big family.Isn't it? 5. Man’s life is a process of growing up, actually I’m standing here is a growth. If a person’s life must constituted by various choices, then I grow up along with these choices. Once I hope I can study in a college in future, however that’s passed, as you know I come here, now I wonder what the future holds for me. When I come to this school, I told to myself: this my near future, all starts here. Following I will learn to become a man, a integrated man, who has a fine body, can take on important task, has independent thought, an open mind, intensive thought, has the ability to judge right and wrong, has a perfect job. Once my teacher said :” you are not sewing, you are stylist; never forget which you should lay out to people is your thought, not craft.” I will put my personality with my interest and ability into my study, during these process I will combine learning with doing. If I can achieve this “future”, I think that I really grow up. And I deeply believe kindred, good-fellowship and love will perfection and happy in the future. How to say future? Maybe it’s a nice wish. Lets make up our minds, stick to it and surely well enjoy our life.

你好，如果你想说名词的总结，那么请用summary。abstract多用于形容词性 翻译为抽象的，深奥的。

abstract,  summary这两个词都可表示“摘要”,即对已经流行的文字进行压缩的结果。其区别是：1.从原始材料上说:summary用于任何一篇文章; abstract用于一篇学术或法律方面比较艰深或复杂的文章。2.从含义上说:abstract强调简洁和实质性内容的集中; summary注重简练,而不刻意追求风格或事实、细节。3.从形式上说:abstract, summary都是一篇短文。4.从位置上说:abstract一般位于正文之前; summary既可位于正文之前,也可独立成篇。5.从写作时间上说:abstract, summary都是在文章写成之后。6.从写作目的上说:abstract, summary都是写给别人看的。

英语summary的写法：首先记下关键词，要点或论点和主题句；第二步，形成一段简短的大纲，遵循原始组织；第三步，用我们自己的语言；第四步，在摘要中使用关键字，并相应地为摘要提供标题；第五步，避免例子，引言，技术用语 使用简单UND易懂的英语；第六步，必须客观并且以第三人称。

在科技文献和教科书中，Summary强调对研究课题内容的概括，比如实验内容、目的、研究的展望等方面的简述。提要对字数的要求比较灵活，可长可短。既可以图文并茂，也可以广征博引。既可放在文前，也可以置于文后。Summary一般在完成完成后再写作，主要目的是帮助了解文章。

扩展资料

写好SUMMARY还要注意4要4不要：

4要是：要包括主要意思，要包括主要论点，要筛选减少内容，要用自己的词语，一定要用自己的话，一定要用自己的话，一定要用自己的话，重要的事情说三遍。

4不要是：不要含有你自己的观点，不要有非原材料的观点，不要用你自己认为作者说的是什么，不要整段从原文拷贝。

咱不是研究语言的，也没机会写SCI论文的摘要，更没兴趣玩文字游戏。但就科技期刊出版范畴内这两个字之间的差别侃几句，还是很热心的。Abstract 和 Summary 的定义字典里都有，网上的翻译和介绍也不少，大家恐怕都有自己的诠释和理解。下面是咱个人的体会，写出来和大家切磋，权当是对文字的解读和交流吧。方法/步骤摘要 （或文摘），也就是英文的 Abstract顾名思义，是一篇文章摘出来的要点。其内容讲究的是对文章内容的高度压缩，强调的是对文字本身的概括，不能夹带图表、参考文献。摘要（Abstract）写好了很不简单，原因是其对文数的限制比较严格。一般SCI英文论文摘要允许200 - 300字，很少有超过500字的。摘要不论是在书里还是论文中，都是放在文前。许多SCI期刊对摘要的格式有不同的要求，比如结构摘要，非结构摘要等。是出于出版形式的考虑，本质和目的不变。提要（或简介），即英文的 Summary ：既然称之为提要，即包含提炼和要点两个方面。在科技文献和教科书中，提要强调对研究课题内容的概括，比如实验内容、目的、研究的展望等方面的简述。提要对字数的要求比较灵活，可长可短。既可以图文并茂，也可以广征博引。既可放在文前，也可以置于文后。和摘要 Abstract 相比，提要 Summary 更普及常用，不论是在学术界还是日常交流中都会经常出现，是个总结就可以称之为 Summary。对于综述文章，个人以为，摘要（Abstract）和提要（Summary）之间的区别不是小了或是模糊不清了，而是更加明显了。综述文章要大量引用前人的成果和文献，篇幅比一般的论文长很多。摘要（Abstract）对文字的精炼程度要求更高，一字千金。句式和用词都很讲究，要用简洁的描述，把文章所讲的内容概括给读者。但如果要写综述文章的提要（Summary），虽然对句式和语法也有要求，但比摘要容易，描述范围也大一些。比如综述文章的背景，构思的来龙去脉，以及采用的方法等等。篇幅可以比摘要长，形式也可以灵活掌握，比如加些图表甚至公式，有利于读者的理解和记忆。所以SCI论文要求的摘要（Abstract），不论是结构摘要还是非结构摘要，都不同于提要（Summary）。一旦弄明白两者间的区别，怎么写就是水到渠成的事了。至于写得好坏，有个循序渐进的过程。经常写文章的学者，在构思阶段，习惯写个提纲，其实就是提要的前身。大多数人先把文章写好，再概括出摘要。当然，也有些情况下需要先写摘要，比如申请基金或提交意向书等。个人以为，如果审稿人对英文SCI论文的摘要（Abstract）说三道四，也许是鸡蛋里挑骨头；也许是对摘要的写作水准有异议，也许是对作者的英文有微词，又不愿意表述得过于直白。这三种可能都有也是一种可能，这时就要看作者如何应对了，其方式可能直接会影响到论文的命运。但如何缩小文化理念的差距造成的误解，好像还是个课题。理解、包容和换位思考很重要。遇事先想想是不是自己过于执著？应对方式是否过于东方化？对方是否有能力理解自己的思维方式？如果另一方的想法有误差，针锋相对会有帮助吗？如果自己暂时受点委屈，主动妥协，能有什么伤害？在特定环境下，是否有比据理力争更有效的方法？发表英文SCI论文是为了更广泛地交流，这中间的过程是否也是交流的一部分？此外，不光是语言，不同的理念也很容易造成隔阂。在论文审稿过程中，作者和审稿人之间，尤其当双方来自两个不同的文化背景时，包容对方的思维理念，避免摩擦，比互相不买账甚至斗气更实惠，结果可能也对双方都有利。对年青的学者而言，在这一来一往中练就“道高一尺、魔高一丈”的功夫，应属幸事。

到web of science 检索，中文论文就是用英文名字检索。