英语单词课程纲要

等下学期自己买

一, 与市场,运营情况有关的形容词小结形容市场活跃, 繁荣1 dynamic 有活力的,有生机的2 prosperous 繁荣的3 brisk 兴隆的4 volatile 不稳定的, 活跃浮动的形容市场萧条,不景气5 bleak 惨淡凄凉的6 declining 下滑的,衰退的7 slump 委靡的8 sluggish 不景气,萧条的9 stagnant 停滞不前的, 萧条的二, 关于是“商品”的小结10 merchandise 商品(集合名词)(单数)11 goods 货物(复)12 commodity 商品, 期货futures 13 product 产品 14 produce 农产品 15 freight 运输的货物 ; 运费 16 cargo (船,飞机) 装载的货物 三, 和会议,集会有关的词小结17 convoke 召集18 rally 集合 19 gathering 聚会 20 function 集会，仪式event, happeningOur sports day is the most important function of the year.运动会那一天是我们一年里最盛大的活动。21 adjourn 延会,休会22 confer 商谈四, 常见犯罪小结23 mug 抢劫,(从背后袭击)24 steal 偷 25 loot 抢夺26 pickpocket 扒手27 burglary 夜盗28 smuggle 走私五, 常见支付方式小结29 by cash 现金 30 by check 支票31 by credit card 信用卡32 by money order 汇票33 by installment 分期伏款34 by mail 邮寄六, 关于性格的描述小节35 outgoing 外向活泼36 sociable 善于交际37 adaptable 适应性强38 ambitious 有野心39 hard-working 工作努力40 energetic 有活力41 enterprising 富于进取,有创业精神42 honest 诚实43 reserved 保守,稳重44 responsible 负责 45 optimistic 乐观46 independent 独立 七, 名词1 inflation 通货膨胀2 deflation 通货紧缩3 feasibility 可行性4 overhaul 彻底检查 5 custom 海关6 bruise 擦伤7 indices 是index的复数 注意读音是 / / (听力) 8 commotion 暴动,骚乱9 interest rate 利率10 disposition (1)性情气质 (2) 处理11 carat, karat 克拉12 hallmark 品质证明, 纯正之证明13 asylum 收容所, 养老院 14 orphanage 孤儿院15 morale 士气,人心16 pennant 锦旗17 vicinity 附近, 短语是 in the ~ of 18 interrogation 询问,审讯 短语是 put sb under ~19 intersection 交点20 intermission 休息时间 21 physician 内科医生22 surgeon 外科医生, 军医,船医23 breadwinner 养家糊口的人24 recipe 食谱,方法25 tender 招标,a public ~, ask for tender26 syllabus 课程纲要27 Spaniard 西班牙人28 dispassion 冷静客观29 levity 轻率30 expulsion 开除,除籍31 defamation 诽谤32 payroll 薪水册,工资表33 contraction 收缩 34 renewal 更新35 deduction 扣除(额)36 escalator 电动扶梯37 elevator 电梯,升降梯(美)38 lift 电梯(英)39 emblem 象征标志 同logo symbol 40 dereliction 玩忽职守 ~ of duty41 milk shake 奶昔42 endorsement 背书保证,找明星代言43 approbation 批准许可44 probation 试用 trial 45 deference 顺从尊重46 minor infraction 轻微违法major violation 重大47 vacate 疏散 evacuation 48 anarchy 无政府49 collusion 共谋,勾结50 downturn 下滑take a sudden downturn 51 spa 温泉52 freelance writer 自由撰稿人53 articles 用品,商品54 management 资方 union 工会55 turnover 运转,周转56 turnout (集会)出席者a large turnout 57 annuity 养老金 pension 58 extension 分机59 innovation 革新翻新, renovation装修60 dosage 剂量61 rash 疹子62 clientele 顾客,老主顾63 leave 请假 He is often absent without leave 64 partition 隔间,区分65 junk 垃圾 punk 朋克 66 menopause 更年期 67 razor 剃刀68 crop strains 作物品种 69 headphone 耳机earphone70 automated teller machine 自动提款机ATM71 civilians 听力中注意与surveillance区分72 subsidiary 子公司 73 strip mining 露天采矿74 national (某国的)国民 we employ various nationals at our local companies. 75 mortgage 抵押76 compartment 隔间 Ask the flight attendant if we can put our things in that compartment 77 helping (食物的)一分I had a second helping 78 subcontractor 转包商79 speculation 投机 ~ in real estate80 avocation 副业81 kickback 回扣82 spectator 观众 audience 听众 83 stroller (1)四轮婴儿车 (2)漫步者84 seniority 年长,资深 ~ has priority 85 toner 调色剂86 luncheon 正式午餐，下午餐会87 fa�0�4ade 建筑物正面（法）88 decoy 欺骗，引诱 envoy 使者，代表 alloy 合金 convoy 护送陪伴 89 interface 交互界面 (desktop 桌面) desktop video conference 桌面视频会议90 boutiques 小店精品店 banquet宴会 bouquet 花束 91 casino 俱乐部，游乐场92 complex 整套设施 (an office complex) Oedipus complex93 commencement ceremony授学位典礼 inception开始 induction 入伍94 modem 调制解调器95 fraud 诈骗96 magnate 工业巨头97 gourmet 美食家98 ordinance 法令99 cursor 光标100 liaison 交流合作 101 portfolio 公文包，文件夹 102 corrosives 易腐蚀品103 corporation 企业， (听力中注意和cooperation区分)104 minute 会议录105 recreation 娱乐，休闲 =relaxation 八, 动词1 strand 使搁浅，陷入困境2 relate 叙述3 facilitate 使便利4 excel 优出胜出 ~ in 名词 excellence 5 exceed 超过6 remit 汇款，宽恕7 highlight 强调8 inoculate 接种9 vaccinate 接种疫苗10 remedy 补救11 undermine 诋毁 12 reverse 颠倒 ~ the verdict 判决13 slam 使劲关 ~ dunk14 equip 配备15 capsize 倾覆（船）16 simmer 炖，煨17 retrench 减少，节约18 discredit 使失去权威性，破坏名誉的19 curb 阻止，控制 ~ the use of marijuana 20 process 加工21intercept 中途拦截 22 segregate 隔离，分开分离23 quarantine 隔离检疫24 seclude 隔绝，隐退，隐秘25 appeal 呼吁，恳求，上诉26 lift 解除，提起精神27 rescind 废止，取消28 audit 查帐29 condemn 非难，判罪30 condone 宽恕，容忍31 deviate 偏离，跑题 ~ from 32 disabuse 解惑，矫正 33 disavow 否认34 transfuse 输血35 mingle 交往，混合36 forfeit 没收 confiscate 37 staple 用订书器钉 ADJ 主要的重要的38 deregulate 解除对---的管制39 block 阻挡N 楼40 launch 推出新产品，实施 (an investigation into the scandal) 41 house V. 为---提供住房42 expel 开除，驱除43 reimburse 报销，伏款 = refund44 observe 遵守 ~ the smoking rule45 syndicate （在报刊，杂志联盟）多家报刊上同时发表 46 commute 通勤47 rotate 旋转，循环48 implement 实行49 liquidate 清算，清偿债务50 accrue 增长，自然增殖九, 形容词1 fragile 易碎的2 latter 后者3 latest 最新的 4 later 过一会，过后5 eligible 合格的 illegible 难懂的 6 edible 可食用的 audible 可听到的 7 duplicate 副本的，复制的8 potamic 河川的 9 faulty 有错误的 ~ transformer 变压器 10 supersonic 超音速的11 foremost 首要的 12 affluent 富足的13 explicit 明晰的 14 implicit 暗含的15 hustle-bustle 熙来攘往16 obese 肥胖的17 manifold 各样的，多种18 imprudent 轻率的19 effete 疲惫枯竭 20 ebullient 沸腾的，热情洋溢的21 enervated 无力的衰弱的22 spacious 宽敞的23 selective 精挑细选的24 precocious 早熟的，过早的 25 remiss 疏忽的26 facile 容易的，流畅的27 intangible 无形的28 illicit 不合法的 = illegal 29 diagonal 对角线的 30 methodically 有条不紊的31definitive 限定的，决定的32 plausible 似合理的33 propitious 吉祥的，有利的34 auspicious 吉祥的35 intelligible 可识别的36 inflammable 易燃的37 nonflammable 不易燃的38 quality 质量好的 ~~ product/items/materials 39 state-of-the-art 最新水平40 illegitimate 不合法的，私生的41 tailored 定制的 ~ devise programs to our needs 42 custom-made = tailor-made 特制的43mandatory 强制性的44 provisional—temporary 暂时的，临时的45luxurious 奢侈的46 bear market ”熊市”，也称空头市场，指行情普遍看淡。延续时间相对较长的大跌。47 bull market ”牛市”，也称多头市场，指市场行情普遍看涨，延续时间较长的大升。48 clean 的其他说法： 卫生的hygienic（名词hygiene）干净的 sanitary49 tricky 棘手的，复杂的（工作） 50 languishing 衰弱下去的十 词组1 a handful of people 少数的人2 adjacent to 与---临近3 put on airs 摆架子4 discharge from hospital 出院5 halt buses and subway all day 使公车地铁一天停止6 graphic design 平面设计7 3D design 三维设计8 medical insurance coverage 保险项目，范围9 default rate 拖欠债务率10 full professor 正教授11 potent antibiotics 强效抗生素12 make a rule of doing something 形成---习惯13 chanber of commerce 商会 14 leteter of credit (L/C) 信用证（支付方式的一种）15 stock dividend 股息16 devaluation of the currency 货币贬值17 sprain one’s ankle 扭伤脚踝18 holistic medicine 整体医学19insurance premium 保险费用20 his Hair receding from his fore head 从前额掉头发21 express train 快车 limited train 特快车22 probation/trial period 试用期23 take a hard line with 强权策略 24 tread mission 贸易代表团25 long term objective 长期目标26 the audit department 审纪部27 International Herald Tribune 国际先驱论坛28 top copy 复印原件29 take steps to do 着手落实Many countries have taken steps to improve airport security。 30 pertaining to 适合，合宜，关于 31 a panorama of 齐全，品种繁多 32 24 hours a day = 7 days a week 24小时营业，无休息33 dog days 三伏34 column writer 栏目作者35 staff appraisal 员工评估36 at one’s fingertips 在手头，目前37 lodge and accommodation 膳宿38 fringe benefit 福利，补贴 39 go into liquidation 倒闭40 lag behind 落后 41 phase something out 逐步废止42 write—offs 破旧的无从修理43 abide strictly by 严格恪守44 clearance sale 清仓大处理45 have/take title to 有---特权46 staff attendant 员工出勤情况47 down payment 定金，分期付款的首次款 48 know-how 专项技能，窍门49 cross-reference 互相参照50 labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型行业 一篇中国09年经济展望的论文：Chinese economic outlook for 2009From my point of view, generally speaking, china would forced to face many challenges in 2009 due to the undertaking recession issues, but in the global economic world, it would still be expected to act as one of the first countries to get recovered from the recession. There are five major issues regards to Chinese economic condition in 2009. First, China will be challenged by the influence from international economic crisis. Secondly, due to the combination impact from the home and abroad, the macroeconomic regulation in China would become more complicated; in another word, it may result in a repeating domestic inflation and deflation. Thirdly, the above situations might have side-effects on Chinese stock market and real estate market; further, the small and medium companies might face serious liquidation issues. In Addition, there is a great possibility of a dramatic decline on the employment rate. Last but not least, it would become tremendous difficulty for government to maintain a balanced financial status and also inject further confidence into Chinese economic. To sum up, from the above analysis, it is clear that the economic situation in China for 2009 is not in positive. However, with more focus on Chinese domestic market and increasing living allowances of our lower-income groups, it is possible to achieve a stabilized economic and social position even in such a serious condition.

would rather sb to do Achieve in ..exam 得分 be like 像 Enable sb to do 使。。。。能 Expect sb to do At (a)speed of ... Speed up 加速 speed down 减速 Take ...as an example 把.....作为例子 Be in handcaff 戴手铐 there be sb doing protect .... from 保护…免受…的伤害 ........so that (目的) ...can(could ,may , might, ) be on 正在放 it's + 段 + since 从句（过去式） 自从..... Tell A from B 分辨A和B Raise voice 提高嗓音 Be in favour of 支持.. Get sb.to do sth.(使、劝某人做某事) Allow sb to do Sb be allowed to do Be familiar with 对....熟悉 be familiar to sb ....为....所熟悉 Instead of (doing )sth Play bridge Get needles 注射 On the whole 总体上 同(反)义词组 soon=before long Nobody (nothing)but = only in order to do = so as to do prefer= not better With the help of = Thanks to There be little ..=be out of ..=run out of =used up Known =heard about (of) What's ...like ? = How is....? How do you like ...? =What do you think of ...? Among (Of) all the sth.(sb.) Borrow sth from =lend sth to sb Don't know = have no idea A do ... So does B=Both A and B do=Not only A but also B does (就近)= A as well as B (就远) Don't stop doing = still v. on Like sth very much 反：don't like sth at all Be able to do= can do = manage to Start（出发）= set out(for) = set off set up = build Hurry（v.n.） hurry to do sth (hurry aboard)= do sth in a hurry = do sth hurriedly be busy with sth=be busy doing sth since (既然)= now that do harm to = be harmful to = be bad for be proud of = take pride in All year around = the whole year 数词 more +n.(在一个。。) = another 数词 n. On one's own = alone In addition = besides 此外 How to deal with = what to do with;what to do = how to do it Collect sb from = pick sb up from prefer doing sth. to doing sth.=prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.喜欢做这件事而不喜欢做那件事” make\get\have sth. Done 使某事被做、请别人做某事 Ought to do = should A piece of cake = a small case at a time = sometimes Lend sb a helping hand = give sb a helping hand = do sb a favour 帮....一个忙 语法 三餐饭不加冠词 前有定语修饰可数(have a big dinner) The序数词+to do (动词不定式作定语) it 作为形式宾语 (we found it difficult to learn English well） the 比+the比 越.....越 一件事不加the ,地方+the(sit at table 就餐sit at the table坐在桌边) 数量+of the (my ,their等) （two hundred of the students） 一件事，一笔钱，一段时间 谓语动词用单数 句子谓语动词单复看分数后的名词的单复 主：See,hear ,notice ,find,watch+doing 被：sb be made(等）to do much ,far ,a lot ,a little, a bit ,even, still +比较级 Look ,sound ,smell , taste , feel + adj Ever 跟最高级 never 跟比较级（He is the strongest person l have ever seen） doing sth all the morning (过去进行时) Be going to do (打算，趋势) Will do 客观将来 by + 过去的时间（过去完成时，had+p.p） Keep ,mind ,admit(承认),practise ,enjoy，feel like,excuse for, be busy ,suggest,finish ,miss ,consider,be worth (值得)+ doing 隐形否定词never,hardly,few,no-,little,seldom,rarely. so 代词 ，指代上文的一件事 Be made of = consist of (无被动语态) Take place ,happen (无被动语态) 职位前不加 the （monitor of class） 主语和宾语是同一个事物时，宾语用反身代词 Help,life ,time 本身不可数，前有定语修饰可数 everybody，somebody等用“he”指代 人称顺序：you , he , l we , you , they 推测：must be , can't be , may be At dawn,night ,noon,dusk(黎明，夜晚，中午，黄昏） -ple ,-ble -tle 变成副词去e 加y，其他的只有true要去e加ly Hero,tomato ,potato,mango+es Human,walkman,German +s 只有forty 要去u ,ninth 要去e, 使役动词：have ，let ,make sb do therefore, however, nonetheless, hence, otherwise, besides, moreover等连接副词时，它们不能用作连词来连接两个并列分句 ，不用逗号 句子中有逗号，没有从属连词，主从复合句，并列句，逗号后的表示伴随的动作（用doing的形式） 区别 any other +n.(前者包括在后者的范围内) any （前者不包括在后者的范围内） mostly 大多数 几乎：almost (肯，否) nearly（否） keep sth open ,closed open (v. adj.) close (v.) closed (adj.) ....until (延续性动词) not....until (短暂性) Nothing（无所指，什么都没有） none(有所指，所指的东西没有) Leave 忘东西 Forget 忘事情 Business 生意（U）公司（C） Reach（vt） +sp reach 触及，遍及 Search for 目的(人、物) Search +sp Such a(n) adj n. So adj. a n so + many ,much ,few ,little Still ,only ,just + a few (a little) very ,so,too + little(few) 上车 get on 反:get off 上小轿车（car,taxi）get into ,get out of Diary 日记 dairy 牛奶房 check in 登记 check on 检查 Lie (躺，位于)-lay - lain lie (说谎)- lied-lied Lay - laid, laid Lonely （adj）孤独的（人） 荒凉的（地方） alone（adv） Exercise （锻炼）不可数 （书面练习）可数 Raise 提高；筹集；养育；升起（vt）+ 宾语 rise上升；增强；起立；高耸 (vi) + 介宾 On the top of 在....上方（不在后者范围内） at the top of 在...上部（在后者范围内） Join 加入人群组织 join in = take part in 参加活动比赛 attend = go to 参加会议，讲座，俱乐部，学校（meeting，lecture，club，school） enter for报名参加某个项目Take an exam 参加考试 A number of (many many ) + 名复 the number of + 名单 used to do sth.（过去常常做）be used to (doing) sth.（习惯于做某事）be used to do sth.，be used for doing sth是被动语态，表示“被用来做某事”。 remember doing sth. 表示“记得过去做过的某事”；remember to do sth. 表示“记得要去做某事” forget doing sth. 表示“忘记曾做过某事”；forget to do sth. 表示“忘记去做某事” regret doing sth. 表示“对过去做过的某事感到后悔”； regret to do sth. 表示“对未做或正在做的事情表示遗憾” stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth. 表示“停止正在做的事情，而去做另一件事” try doing sth. 表示“尝试做某事”； try to do sth. 表示“设法做某事，尽力去做” mean doing sth. 表示“意味着、意思是”； mean to do sth. 表示“打算、想要” hope通常用来表示一种相信可以达到的“希望”。wish通常用来表示一种不易达到的“愿望”，或在作这种愿望时并未想到有无可能性。 Fun (n.)乐趣(c) funny (adj.)滑稽的 what fun ...!= how funny....! Time ：on time 准时 in time 及时 at a time = sometimes at a certain time 某时 at no time 从不 就近：not only.....but also 不但...而且Either...or ..(二居一)Neither....nor....（或者....或者） Look up 查阅,look around 游览；到处察看；到处寻找,look at ,look after照顾,look back回顾；回头看 ,look forward 期待；盼望, look into ,look over ,look though浏览，温习；看穿，识破；从…中显露, look up to 尊敬 For (双宾语)buy , make , get In + 范围 , of + 具体事物单词拓展 now and then = sometimes for the time being 暂时 sometimes 有时 sometime 某时 some time 某段时间 some times 几次 death （n.） 死亡dying （adj.） 垂死的 dead （adj.）已死的 (die-died) One ...the other (one's other) some.....others one ....another ....the third(the other) Some....others....still others... Sign (v.) signature(n.) ambition（n.） ambitious(adj.) responsible(adj) responsibility(n.) exist (v.) existence (n.) Long(adj.) length (n.) relax（v.） relaxation(n.) Tour(n.)旅游 tourist(n.)旅游者 tourism (n.) 旅游业 serve(v.) servant(n.)仆人 service（n）服务 confident（a dj) confidence (n.)自信 decide(v.) decision (n.) Trouble : be in trouble 处于困难之中 Get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困难之中 Have trouble doing sth 做某事有困难 Please (v.) please do sth please (adj) 高兴的 反：displeased pleasant（adj.） 令人愉快的 pleasure（n. ）快乐displeasure （n） 不愉快；不满意 Take place 发生 take away 拿走 take up 从事 take care of 照顾 turn over 翻身 Go around 绕着走,go off(电等)中断，停止，突然响起 ,go out 出去；潮)退，(灯) 熄，终止；go over复习，重温；仔细检查；go on 继续 Hope that +从句；hope to do ; hope sth Wish that + 从句；wish to do;wish for doing;wish sb to do ;wish sb sth Turn on,off 开，关 turn over 翻身turn up , down 调高，低 turn in 上交 Carry (无方向性)承载 take 拿走 bring带来 Make 一 做使役动词用：1.Make sb adj2.Sb made sb do sth二 做实义动词用：1.Made sth adv(made作谓语)2.Make sth to do3.make做实义动词用时的一些固定搭配的词组。1 be made of...，由......构成。（看得出原材料）2 be made from...,由......做成。(看不见原材料)3 be made in...,在......地方制造。4 make sb. sth./ make sth. for sb. 为某人做某事。（make后面带双宾语）与名词连用的常用词组： a.to make a law/rule. 制定法律/法规。 b.to make a mistake.犯错误。 c.to make a guess.猜一下。 d.to make a comment/ statement.发表评论/声明。 e.to make a suggestion. 提出建议。 f.to make progress.取得进步。 g.to make a dicision.（decide）做决定。 h.to make an appointment.约定。 i.to make a speech.做演讲。 “花费”1 It takes sb. time to do sth.2 sth. costs sb. time/money.3 sb. pay money for sth.4 sb. spend time/money (in)doing sth.& sb.spend time/money on sth. 回答 —Could l ....? （表示语气婉转）—Yes,you can. ——Would you mind doing...? ——Of course not. ——Not at all. ——Certainly not.(不介意) ——Sorry，....（介意） ——I'm sorry .... ——It doesn't matter(That's all right.) 反意疑问句： 此句式中，前面部分是否定的；后面部分是肯定的。关于yes和no的翻译要相反（像这种句式的翻译，还有一种句型也是这样,那就是否定疑问句。）特殊用法：以下几种由情态动词构成的反意疑问句，不能简单地用情态动词来反问：1 He must be a doctor，isn't he? 他肯定是个医生，不是吗？ Yes, he is. 是的，他是。 No, he isn't. 不，他不是。2 You must finish your homeword first,needn't you? 你首先必须完成作业，不必吗？ Yes, I must. 是的，我必须完成。 No, I needn't. 不，我不必完成。3 You must have finished reading this book last night, didn't you? 你昨晚一定是读完了这本书，不是吗？ Yes, I did. 是的，我读完了。 No, I didn't. 不，我没读完。4 That can't be true, is it? 那不可能是真的，是吗？ Yes, it is.不，那是真的。 No, it isn't. 是的，那不是真的5. I'm ......, aren't I宾语从句，看主句。但是 l think ,I believe 要看从句（believe/think这两个实义动词后面的宾语从句，如果是否定的，那么要将否定部分前移：即在主句部分否定，而从句部分用肯定。hope不能用动词不定式做宾补，也不能在宾语从句中将否定部分前移。）否点前移主要用词：think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等，但hope不是。 数字Cardinal numbers 基数词Ordinal numbers 序数词Decimals 小数Percentages 百分数Factions 分数Even numbers 偶数Odd numbers 奇数（加）Add ...and.....= ...plus ...（减）Subtract 小数from 大数 = 大数minus 小数（乘）multiply ...by ....= time ....by...（除）divide 9 by 3(9除以3)（等于）equaladdition 加法subtraction减法3 .multiplication乘法4 .division除法