在英语的句子中,谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定,则要看句子的意思。多数情况下,根据句子的主语形式就能判定,但有的则要看整句的意思,及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。还未学习过主谓一致上篇的同学戳此去看哦>>12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience(听众,观众), government等作主语时,如看作是一个整体,谓语动词则用单数形式;如强调各个成员时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:1)My family is going to have a long journey. 我家要进行一次长途旅行。2)My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。3)The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。4)The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时,既可表示复数意义,也可表示单数意义,谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如:1)All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。2)All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。3)Most of the wood was used to make furniture(家具)。14、the + 形容词(或分词)作主语时,常指一类人,谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念,谓语动词则用单数形式。如:1)The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。2)The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语,谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如:1)Either you or I am going to the movies.2)Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可数名词没有复数形式,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:1)Water is a kind of matter.2)The news at six o’clock is true.17、集合名词如:people, police, cattle等作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。如:1)The police are searching for him.2)The cattle are grassing(吃草).18、population当人口讲时,谓语动词用单数形式;当人们讲时,谓语动词用复数。如:1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.2)One third of the population here are workers.19、the number of + 名词复数,是表示“……的数字”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;a (large/great) number of + 名词复数,表示许多,作主语时;谓语动词用复数形式。1)The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.2)A number of students have gone for an outing.20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则,语法一致原则,意义一致原则和邻近一致原则。语法一致原则:主和谓通常语法形式上一致,主单,谓单,主复,谓复。如:She is a girl她是一名女孩儿。中的she是主语用的是单数,所以说is是谓语也用的单数。意义一致原则:谓语动词的形式根据主语所表达的单复数概念而定。如:The old are very well。老年人很好。中The old没有变复数却表达复数概念指所有的老年人。这时,谓语动词are应该意义一致,所以用复数。邻近一致原则指谓语动词形式根据靠近谓语动词的主语而定,也就是就近原则。如:Neither his parents nor he himself is a bank clerk 他父母和他本人都不是银行职员。其中你谓语最近的是单数,所以说谓语动词也用单数。