术后并发症英文

摘要:目的 探讨健康教育路径对食管癌开胸手术病人康复的影响。 Abstract: objective to investigate health education path for esophageal open-chest surgery patients recover influence. 方法 将2010年10月-2011年3月食管癌开胸手术病人60例按时间段分为实验组和对照组各30例，对照组采用一般健康教育方法,实验组采用健康教育路径进行健康教育,观察两组病人术后并发症发生率、肛门排气时间、下床时间、术后住院时间及费用。 Methods in October 2010 - March 2011 esophageal open-chest surgery patients according to time into 60 cases in the experimental group and 30 cases were treated by general health, education method, the education path by health education, observe the two groups healthy patients incidence rate of postoperative complications, anus exhaust time, under the bed time, postoperative hospitalization time and cost. 结果 实验组术后并发症发生3（10%）例，对照组术后并发症发生11（36.7%）例，并发症发生率实验组低于对照组（P<0.05），肛门排气时间实验组(74.97±16.10小时)早于对照组（87.20±11.59小时），下床时间实验组（115.47±25.78小时）早于对照组（134.60±25.83小时），术后住院日实验组（12.93±3.90天）短于对照组（15.67±5.38天），术后住院费用实验组（16815.04±4772.37元）低于对照组(20026.1±7169.94元)，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 Results the postoperative complications occurred 3 (10%) cases and control postoperative complications 11 (36.7%) example, the complication rate lower than that in control group (P < 0.05), anal exhaust time group (74.97 + cross-sectional experiment hours) earlier than in control group (87.20 + 11.59 hours), bed time 115.47 + 25.78 hours the earlier than in control group (134.60) plus or minus Chinese hours), postoperative day in hospital group (plus or minus 3.90 days) 12.93 15.67 shorter than the control group (plus or minus 5.38 days), postoperative hospitalization expenses 16815.04 + 4772.37 experimental (per) lower than that in control group (20026.1 + 7169.94 yuan), are statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). 结论 健康教育路径可降低食管癌开胸手术病人术后并发症、缩短康复时间、降低费用。 Conclusion health education path can reduce esophageal open-chest surgery patients the postoperative complications, shorten recovery time, to reduce cost. 关键词:食管癌手术; Keywords: esophageal cancer surgery; 健康教育路径; Health education path; 并发症; Complications; 康复时间 Recovery time

1) keep good body position after the operation.After surgery, patients in general, small surgeryBack to the original ward, and major surgery or surgical critically ill patients, is sent to the hospital after surgery(care) or viewing room, patients with general anesthesia, has not been awake at this time, should lay down, no cushion pillow, head to one side, in case of inhalation of respiratory tract, vomit saliva or causeRespiratory infections.Patients with lumbar hemp or epidural anesthesia, postoperative to lay down 6 ~ 12 hours,To prevent the occurrence of postoperative headache.After cervical, thoracic and abdominal surgery, take half sitting or moreRecumbent position.After spinal surgery patients, want to sleep hard bed.Limbs of patients after the operation, it should beRaise body or traction of the surgery.(2) to assist the staff to observe temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure.If there is a selfFeeling unwell, fever and heart beat faster, etc., shall be reported to the doctors and nurses.Here to tellYou a bit of common sense, 3 ~ 5 days postoperatively, temperature in 38 ℃ or so, this is inevitable.Name or postoperative reaction heat, absorption of heat, this need not nervous.(3) strengthen the diet to cooperate.After the operation, to strengthen nutrition, help the body recover.General surgery, can eat, postoperative patients with abdominal surgery, intestinal peristalsis recovery, virtual objects (that is, fart), before liquid liquid diets;Gastrointestinal surgery patients,For gastrointestinal decompression, and at the same time should be fast, and stops gastrointestinal decompression to into the liquid diets, withSlowly returning to normal after eating;Many major surgery or after general anesthesia operation, short termFunction decline, and don't want to eat, even nausea, vomiting, infusion may be required.serious, the doctor will insert gastric tube, through the tube into the liquid diets.(4) to assist medical staff strict management of postoperative wound.Don't touch, don't followTo uncover the gauze covering the wound, more can't use hand to touch or water to clean the wound, toKeep the wound clean and dry.As we are not careful to wet or polluted the gauze, pleaseDoctors and nurses to give change, in case of incision infection fester.If discover the wound around the redness and swellingOr have blood flow out, should be timely told the doctors and nurses, and to give timely and properly handle.(5) to early postoperative activities.According to the size of the surgery and the postoperative condition in classicsA doctor allowed condition, strive for early ambulation.This to increase deep breathing, promote the blood circulation and restore gastrointestinal function, increase appetite, is very good;forTo prevent complications and promote wound healing, also has a positive role.Such as abdominal surgery,General 2 ~ 3 days after bed should be appropriate and bed activities, in order to prevent abdominal distensionAnd intestinal adhesion.Patients with phlegm, should turn over more, with the hand pressure wound, assist the coughRow of phlegm, lung infection in case.Obese patients limbs should be more activities to prevent venous thrombosisInto.Take out stitches (6) to grasp the best time.Postoperative incision take out stitches of time, according to the handDifferent parts of the decision.General surgery, take out stitches in 5 to 7 days;Lower abdomen,Perineal operation take out stitches of time may be extended appropriately;The abdomen, chest, back and hip after 7 ~ 9Take out stitches day;Take out stitches limbs after 10 to 12 days, joints and their adjacent surgery, postoperativeTake out stitches 14 days relatively appropriate;Full-thickness skin graft, should take out stitches in 12 ~ 14 days after;Old, weak, anemia or have complications, take out stitches should be appropriately extended time.(7) other considerations.Some patients after surgery, not used to urinate in bed, or as a resultLumbar hemp after micturition reflex obstacles, work out urinate.Therefore, the postoperative take a long timeBed, preoperative should practice to urinate in bed.If the condition allows, can assist the patient to sit, kneeling or standing micturition, also can take abdomen hot compress, silver needle, such as way to helpMicturition.If the above measures ineffective, postoperative 8 to 12 hours, still cannot discharge of urine, should pleaseUrethral catheterization.On postoperative body with all kinds of catheter, attention should be paid to maintain its smooth, preventCatheter folding, jam, or fall off.Postoperative body resistance is relatively low, should pay attention to keep warmTo prevent a cold.Outpatient surgery patients, postoperative to a rest in the clinic, and to cureTake out stitches inquire assessment, treatment and time, went to the hospital to visit and receive treatment in time.Out of theTake out stitches after school, such as found after mouth burst, bleeding or when severe pain, should be to immediatelyThe hospital inspection and processing.1）保持术后的良好体位。手术后，一般中、小手术的病人即送回原来的病室，而大手术或危重手术病人，则送到术后病室（监护室或观察室），全身麻醉的病人，此时尚未清醒，应平卧，不垫枕头，头偏向一侧，以防唾液或呕吐物吸入呼吸道，引起呼吸道感染。硬膜外麻醉或腰麻的病人，术后要平卧6～12小时，以防术后头痛的发生。颈、胸、腹部手术之后，多采取半坐或半卧位。脊柱手术后的病人，要睡硬板床。四肢手术后的病人，须抬高手术的肢体或进行牵引。（2）协助医护人员观察体温、脉搏、呼吸和血压。如有自我感觉不适、发热和心跳快等，应向医生、护士报告。这里要告诉您一点常识，术后3～5天内，体温常在38℃左右，这是必然的，叫术后反应热，或吸收热，对此不必紧张。（3）加强饮食配合。手术后要加强营养，以利于身体康复。一般的手术，术后即可进食，腹部手术的病人，要待肠蠕动恢复、产生虚恭（即放屁）后，方可进液状流食；胃肠手术的病人，先进行胃肠减压，同时应禁食，停止胃肠减压后才能进流食，以后慢慢恢复到正常饮食；大手术或全身麻醉手术后，多有短期消化功能减退，不想吃饭，甚至恶心、呕吐，可以要求输液。严重时，医生会插胃管，通过胃管注入流食。（4）协助医护人员严格术后的伤口管理。不要乱动，不要随意揭开覆盖伤口的纱布，更不能用手去触摸或用水清洗伤口，要保持伤口的清洁和干燥。如自己不小心弄湿或污染了纱布，应请求医生护士给予更换，以防切口感染化脓。如发现伤口周围红肿或有血水流出，应及时告诉医生护士，争取给予及时妥善的处理。（5）术后要早期活动。根据手术的大小和术后的病情，在经过医生准许的条件下，争取早期下床活动。这对于增加呼吸深度，促进血液循环，恢复胃肠功能，增进食欲，都十分有利；对于防止并发症，促进伤口愈合，也有着积极的作用。如腹部手术，一般术后2～3天就应该适当下床活动或作床上活动，以防止腹胀和肠粘连。痰多的病人，应多翻身，并用手压住伤口，协助咳嗽排痰，以防肺部感染。肥胖病人应多活动四肢，防止静脉血栓形成。（6）掌握拆线的最佳时间。术后切口的拆线时间，要根据手术部位的不同而决定。一般手术，于术后5～7天拆线；下腹部、会阴部手术的拆线时间适当延长；上腹、胸、背及臀部术后7～9天拆线；四肢术后10～12天拆线，关节及其附近的手术，于术后14天拆线较为适宜；全层皮肤移植术，应于术后12～14天拆线；年老、体弱、贫血或有并发症者，应适当延长拆线时间。（7）其他注意事项。有的病人手术后不习惯卧床小便，或因腰麻后排尿反射障碍，解不出小便。因此，对术后需要较长时间卧床者，术前就应练习卧床小便。如果病情充许，可协助病人坐起，跪着或站着排尿，还可以采取腹部热敷，扎银针等办法协助排尿。如果上述措施无效，术后8～12小时仍不能排出小便，应请求导尿。对术后身上所带的各种导管，要注意保持其通畅，防止导管折叠、堵塞或脱落。术后身体抵抗力相对较低，应注意保暖，防止感冒。门诊手术的病人，术后要在门诊休息片刻，并向医生问明复诊、换药和拆线时间，按时去医院复诊并接受处置。出院后，如发现拆线后的术口崩裂、出血或剧烈疼痛时，应立即到医院进行检查和处理。

it is a state of mind;

appy的英语读法是[appy]。appy是阑尾切除术的简称。阑尾切除术主要用于急性阑尾炎、化脓性阑尾炎、坏疽性阑尾炎的治疗。在一般情况下，手术操作较容易，但有时也很困难，因此决不能认为阑尾切除术是小手术，必须予以重视以提高治疗的效果，避免减少术后并发症。

可造句子：Objective : To summarize the experiences of 80 cases with laparoscopic appe.目的是总结80例腹腔镜阑尾切除术的经验。Objective : To investigate affect of wound infection rate in gangrenous appe after appendectomy.目的了解坏疽型阑尾炎术后放置腹腔引流对切口感染的影响。

A policeman was rushed to the hospital for an emergency appe.一位警察是匆忙的到医院为一个紧急割阑尾.Objective To evaluate the application of Murph incision in appe.目的探讨墨菲切口显露下阑尾切除的优越性。