兵马俑的英文简介

兵马俑英文简介：

Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Terra-cotta Warriors

Emperor Qin's mausoleum is the largest of ancient China, situated at the northern foot of Mt Li, Lintong County, some 30m east of Xi'an city,

facing Weishui River in the north，close to the tourist resort Huaqing Pool in the west.

The huge and amazing satellite pit of terra-cotta warriors is 1 500m east of the mau-soleum,discovered in March of 1974，

by a group of farmers drilling a well against the draught.

Archaeologist the unearthed the treasure of Qin dynasty hidden for over 2000 years.

The pit is truly an underground military museum largest worldwide.

Its design is rational and unique with a weight wall every 3m,dividing the 5m deep pit into lanes of warriors neatly arrayed.

翻译：

始皇陵及兵马俑

秦始皇的陵墓是古代中国最大的,位于北部的临潼县骊山脚下,西安以东约30 m处,面朝在北面的渭河,接近西面的华清池旅游胜地。巨大的、令人惊叹的兵马俑卫星坑在陵墓以1500米处，1974年3月由一群钻井抗旱的农民发现。

考古学家发掘了在地下隐藏2000年的宝藏，坑确实是世界最大的地下军事博物馆。其设计是理性的和独特的，每3米有重墙,把5米深坑里整齐排列的战士划分开。

由于它的宏大和缺乏书面数据,中国考古学家和历史学家研究陵墓已经有几十年的的时间了。全面挖掘留给未来，除了一些科学发掘一些卫星坑，游客到这里只能看到冰山一角。

扩展资料：

兵马俑从身份上区分，主要有士兵与军吏两大类，军吏又有低级、中级、高级之别。一般士兵不戴冠，而军吏戴冠，普通军吏的冠与将军的冠又不相同，甚至铠甲也有区别。

其中的兵俑包括步兵、骑兵、车兵三类。根据实战需要，不同兵种的武士装备各异。

俑坑中最多的是武士俑，大部分手执青铜兵器，有弓、弩、箭镞、铍、矛、戈、殳、剑、弯刀和钺，身穿甲片细密的铠甲，胸前有彩线挽成的结穗。

军吏头戴长冠，数量比武将多。秦俑的脸型、身材、表情、眉毛、眼睛和年龄都有不同之处。

兵马俑:The Terra Cotta Warriors The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses are the most significant archeological excavations of the 20th century. Work is ongoing at this site, which is around 1.5 kilometers east of Emperor Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, Lintong County, Shaanxi province. It is a sight not to be missed by any visitor to China. The museum covers an area of 16,300 square meters, divided into three sections: No. 1 Pit, No. 2 Pit, and No. 3 Pit respectively. They were tagged in the order of their discoveries. No. 1 Pit is the largest, first opened to the public on China's National Day, 1979. There are columns of soldiers at the front, followed by war chariots at the back. No. 2 Pit, found in 1976, is 20 meters northeast of No. 1 Pit. It contained over a thousand warriors and 90 chariots of wood. It was unveiled to the public in 1994.Archeologists came upon No. 3 Pit also in 1976, 25 meters northwest of No. 1 Pit. It looked like to be the command center of the armed forces. It went on display in 1989, with 68 warriors, a war chariot and four horses. Altogether over 7,000 pottery soldiers, horses, chariots, and even weapons have been unearthed from these pits. Most of them have been restored to their former grandeur. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses is a sensational archeological find of all times. It has put Xian on the map for tourists. It was listed by UNESCO in 1987 as one of the world cultural heritages.

Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor of a unified China, and his tomb in Xi'an Chengdong 30 kilometers. Since then, the one buried underground for more than 2,000 years of military RUF was excavated and built the museum. Emperor Qin terracotta warriors and horses pits of the陪葬坑by 1, 2, on the 3rd hole and soldiers yards figurines pit component. The ceramic funerary display warrior figurines and horses Total 8000, arranged array, the momentum spectacular. Figurines-General guardians, Kolchuga guardians, kneeling radio figurines, etc.. Pit also yields tens of thousands of pieces of combat weapons, the museum display emperor large painting铜车马. Known as "the world's eighth largest miracle" 'Qin terracotta warriors and horses displayed the ancient Chang'an past glories, Changan He also has been the starting point of the Silk Road will become a snapshot.

写作思路：主要写出兵马俑的特点。

正文：

The creation of terracotta warriors and horses is basically based on real life, with delicate and lively techniques. Each terracotta has a different look and dress. There are many kinds of hair styles, gestures and facial expressions.

兵马俑的塑造，基本上以现实生活为基础，手法细腻、明快。每个陶俑的装束、神态都不一样。人物的发式就有许多种，手势也各不相同，面部的表情更是各有差异。

From their costumes, expressions and gestures, we can judge whether they are officers or soldiers, infantry or cavalry. Generally speaking, all the faces of the Qin figurines show the unique dignity and calm of the Qin people, with distinct personality and strong characteristics of the times.

从他们的装束、神情和手势就可以判断出是官还是兵，是步兵还是骑兵。总体而言，所有的秦俑面容中都流露出秦人独有的威严与从容，具有鲜明的个性和强烈的时代特征。

The terracotta warriors and horses sculpture adopts the method of painting and sculpture. Although it has a long history, when it was just excavated, the colors of the faces and clothes of the figures can still be seen. In terms of technique, it pays attention to vividness, ingenious composition, flexible technique, authenticity and decoration.

兵马俑雕塑采用绘塑结合的方式，虽然年代久远，但在刚刚发掘出来的时候还依稀可见人物面部和衣服上绘饰的色彩。在手法上注重传神，构图巧妙，技法灵活，既有真实性也富装饰性。

Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Terra-cotta Warriors

Emperor Qin's mausoleum is the largest of ancient China, situated at the northern foot of Mt Li, Lintong County, some 30m east of Xi'an city,

facing Weishui River in the north，close to the tourist resort Huaqing Pool in the west.

The huge and amazing satellite pit of terra-cotta warriors is 1 500m east of the mau-soleum,discovered in March of 1974，

by a group of farmers drilling a well against the draught.

Archaeologist the unearthed the treasure of Qin dynasty hidden for over 2000 years.

The pit is truly an underground military museum largest worldwide.

Its design is rational and unique with a weight wall every 3m,dividing the 5m deep pit into lanes of warriors neatly arrayed.

翻译：

始皇陵及兵马俑

秦始皇的陵墓是古代中国最大的,位于北部的临潼县骊山脚下,西安以东约30 m处,面朝在北面的渭河,接近西面的华清池旅游胜地。巨大的、令人惊叹的兵马俑卫星坑在陵墓以1500米处，1974年3月由一群钻井抗旱的农民发现。

考古学家发掘了在地下隐藏2000年的宝藏，坑确实是世界最大的地下军事博物馆。其设计是理性的和独特的，每3米有重墙,把5米深坑里整齐排列的战士划分开。

由于它的宏大和缺乏书面数据,中国考古学家和历史学家研究陵墓已经有几十年的的时间了。全面挖掘留给未来，除了一些科学发掘一些卫星坑，游客到这里只能看到冰山一角。

扩展资料

马俑遗址，位于今陕西省西安市临潼区秦始皇陵以东1.5千米处的兵马俑坑内。不过遗址分为1-4号坑。

1、一号坑

一号坑的发现，缘于1974年3月，兵马俑面世，当时下和村农民在村南打井，井口刚好开在一号坑的东南角。1974年7月中旬，由陕西省博物馆、文管会、临潼县文化馆联合组成的考古发掘队进驻秦俑坑工地。

随着工作范围的不断扩大，1976年—1978年，考古队又增添了考古、保护、照相、修复等方面的人员。一号坑发掘工作全面开展，10多个修复组展开对兵马俑的大规模修复。

一号坑的东端排列着全身穿着战袍的战士俑210人，其余每排68人，前后、左右成行，共计204人，组成方阵的后卫。坑的中间，排列着有38路战车和步兵的纵队，组成军队的主体。

2、二号坑

一号坑是农民打井偶然发现，而二号坑则是考古工作者经过钻探的科学发现。1976年4—5月间，考古队在一号坑的东端北侧有目的的钻探工作中，于4月23日又发现了一个有兵马俑的坑。

1994年3月1日，二号坑保护大厅竣工后，举行了隆重的二号坑开工典礼，时任国家文物局局长张德勤亲临现场，宣布了二号坑发掘工作的正式开始。为了保证这一重点考古工程的科学化、规范化，国家文物局专门成立了二号坑专家组，以指导考古发掘工作。

秦始皇二号俑坑呈曲尺形，位于一号坑的东北侧和三号坑的东侧，东西长96米，南北宽为84米，总面积约为6000平方米。坑内建筑与一号坑相同，但布阵更为复杂，兵种更为齐全，是3个坑中最为壮观的军阵。它是由骑兵、战车和步兵（包括弩兵）组成的多兵种特殊部队。

参考资料来源：百度百科-兵马俑

The terra-cotta warriors museum is China's largest ancient military museum. In 1961, the state council of the People's Republic of China will be emperor qinshihuang as the national cultural relic protection unit.

For the first emperor qin shihuang cemetery thorough archeological investigation begins. In 1962, the archeologists were plotted cemetery, the first piece of plane layout diagram, via detecting, cemetery ranges 56.25 square kilometers, which is equivalent to nearly 78 palace, cause the archaeology sensation.

In 1987, the emperor qinshihuang and Terra Cotta Warriors pit "by UNESCO world heritage list approved listed in the", and is known as "eighth wonder of the world" make the whole world, make amazing all Chinese proud!

秦始皇兵马俑博物馆上是中国最大的古代军事博物馆。1961年，中华人民共和国国务院将秦始皇陵定为全国文物重点保护单位。

对秦始皇陵园第一次全面的考古勘察始于。1962年，考古人员绘制出了陵园第一张平面布局图，经探测，陵园范围有56.25平方公里，相当于近78个故宫，引起考古界轰动。1987年，秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑被联合国教科文组织批准列入《世界遗产名录》，并被誉为“世界八大奇迹”令全世界人惊叹,令全中国人自豪!

扩展资料：

历史背景编辑

人殉是伴随原始公有制的瓦解而萌芽，至奴隶制建立而盛行的一项残酷而野蛮的丧葬制度。人殉最兴盛的时代是殷商时期，商代贵族大墓中都有殉人。在安阳殷墟工陵区内，已发掘的十几座大墓中被生殉、杀殉的多达五千余人。

周王朝吸取了殷商暴政的教训，强调“明德保民”。周礼的诞生和推行，使得人殉现象得到很大程度的抑制，但并未根绝。到了春秋时期，列国争霸，时代动荡，人殉复燃。战国时期，诸侯各国先后废止了人殉制度。

秦献公元年（前384年），“止从死”，秦国正式废止人殉制度。春秋战国之际的社会变革促使葬俗发生了变化，出现以俑殉葬，即用陶俑、木俑等来代替人殉。

“俑”的本意就是人殉，当人殉逐渐淡出人们的视野之后，“俑”便成了墓葬中陶塑、石雕、人像的专有名词。秦兵马俑就是以俑代人殉葬的典型，也是以俑代人殉葬的顶峰。秦俑之所以在规模、写实程度上达到如此的高度，除了工匠的智慧之外，还与历史上第一个封建皇帝秦始皇的意志分不开。

参考资料：百度百科-兵马俑

The terracotta warriors and horses, namely the terracotta warriors and horses of the first emperor of Qin, also referred to as the terracotta warriors and horses of Qin, are the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units and the first batch of Chinese world heritage.They are located in the terracotta warriors and horses pit 1.5km east of the tomb of the first emperor of Qin in Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province.Terracotta warriors and horses are a category of ancient tomb sculpture. Terracotta warriors and horses appear as a kind of burial object of ancient tombs. Terracotta warriors and horses are made into sacrificial objects in the shape of soldiers and horses.2、中文翻译：兵马俑，即秦始皇兵马俑，亦简称秦兵马俑或秦俑，第一批全国重点文物保护单位，第一批中国世界遗产，位于今陕西省西安市临潼区秦始皇陵以东1.5千米处的兵马俑坑内。兵马俑是古代墓葬雕塑的一个类别，俑作为古代墓葬的一种陪葬品而出现， 兵马俑即制成兵马形状的殉葬品。