林肯简介视频英文

Lincoln, American statesman, strategist and 16th President.

林肯，美国政治家、战略家、第16任总统。

Lincoln was the first Republican president to lead the abolition of black slavery in the United States during his term of office.

林肯是首位共和党籍总统，在任期间主导废除了美国黑人奴隶制。

Lincoln abolished slavery in the rebellious states and defeated the separatist forces of the South.

林肯他废除了叛乱各州的奴隶制，击败了南方分离势力。

Lincoln defended the right of the United States and its territory to equality regardless of race.

林肯维护了美利坚联邦及其领土上不分人种、人人生而平等的权利。

在南北战争中，林肯政治策略的中心是维护联邦的统一。在他的心目中，“联邦意味着自由的政府、民存、民治、民享的政府。”他认为内战应把拯救联邦、恢复国家的统一作为最高奋斗目标，他的这一态度一直坚持到内战的胜利结束为止。

在内战初期，林肯回避奴隶制问题，到内战中期他发表《解放宣言》，直至内战后期对南方叛乱政府和军队采取宽容政策，都是服从于联邦统一这一最根本的目的。内战初期，废除奴隶制与维护联邦统一孰先孰后，成为美国朝野争论的焦点。

林肯与反对派（激进派和废奴主义者）在这问题上的看法有着很大的分歧。反对派认为应先解放南方各州黑奴，然后平叛。林肯则从考虑国家整体和长远利益出发，认为维护联邦的统一是一首要问题，在1861年7月4日致国会咨文中，他强调“联邦不可分”。

国会参众两院比较赞同林肯的观点，随后一致通过关于战争目的的决议。宣称战争“不是为了任何征服或者镇压目的，不是为了推翻或干涉南部诸州的权利和现存制度，战争的唯一目的就是保存联邦”。“维护联邦统一”成为林肯政府的纲领口号，成为南北战争的至上目标。

基于这个目的，对奴隶制问题林肯采取回避态度。他认为：“如果我能拯救联邦而不解放一个奴隶，我愿意这样做；如果这是为了拯救联邦需要解放所有的奴隶，我也愿意这样做。”

在当时的情况下，联邦是唯一能团结最大多数人的旗帜，也是唯一能导向胜利的旗帜。面对美国当时的现实状况和客观形势，林肯采取回避奴隶制的策略是明智的。它服从并有利于维护联邦统一这一中心目的。

参考资料来源：百度百科-亚伯拉罕·林肯

1809.2.12, birthday 1818 (9 years), the mother died. 1831 (22 years), a business failure. 1832 (23 years old), his state parliament seat. In the same year (23 years old), lost. To attend law school, but not school qualifications. 1833 (24 years), to borrow money for business friends. In the end (24 years), again went bankrupt. Next, he spent 16 years before the debt repaid. 1834 (25 years), again for the state, this won. 1835 (26 years), after the marriage betrothal, fiancee died. 1836 (27 years), the spirit of total collapse, confined for six months. 1838 (29 years), the state's bid to become the spokesman -- without success. 1840 (31 years old) and strive to be electors -- lost. 1843 (34 years), to participate in parliamentary elections -- also unsuccessful. 1846 (37 years), to participate in the Congress election again -- this time elected. Go to Washington, D.C., performance merits. 1848 (39 years), congressmen seek re-election, but failed. 1849 (40 years old), would like to state in their own land as the Secretary of the work was rejected. 1854 (45 years), running for U.S. Senator, was. 1856 (47 years), within the Republican nomination for Vice President -- less than 100 votes. 1860 (51 years old), was elected President of the United States. Become the greatest president in U.S. history one. Born on the Lincoln name, will their lives in the face of defeat. He had desperate things, but did not give up this life high jump competition.

亚伯拉罕·林肯 ( Abraham Lincoln ) （1809-1865）

Over the years, the Emancipation Proclamation and President Lincoln himself have been reviewed with both admiration and derision. The shifting viewpoints towards the two reflect the context of the times and that is how the Emancipation Proclamation and president Lincoln must be viewed because each were created in the context of their times The war for the Union or the Lincoln Administration did not start out as a war to end slavery. Lincoln himself, by modern day standards, was prejudice and believed blacks would be better off leaving the country. The threat that Lincoln represented was political and economic to the South. Lincoln had no intention of interfering with slavery where it already existed but was opposed to the extension of slavery, which represented economic threat to the south as well as the loss of political power. It must be remembered, as the author points out, that there was no great demand among the majority of the people for slavery to end and Lincoln’s racial views on blacks were common. Little, if anything was said about the black man having an equal place in American society, a view shared by many in the military also. In any event, freeing the slaves would be a radical measure in many Northerners eyes. The author analyzes how Lincoln had to tread thin line because of this... The Border States were a key strategic area and losing those states would make the war even more difficult to fight for the union. Lincoln had to consider the reaction of the army also if a proclamation feeing the slaves was announced The Union had to win the war in any event to give teeth to a proclamation. The first plans developed by the Lincoln Administration called for compensated emancipation. The plans reflected the viewpoint of Lincoln, sometimes not shared by members of Congress and Lincoln cabinet members, that gradual and compensated emancipation was the best method. Lincoln had to think about the entire Union effort and could not risk making such a radical move. The plans also promoted colonization of the blacks, which was angrily opposed by the blacks themselves. In time, it was Lincoln came to see that the war would have to be more about just saving the union. Lincoln has had few equals in the skill of using the words of the English language. The Emancipation Proclamation is often criticized for not having the same beautiful and high idealized words of his Second Inaugural Address. The key here is that Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation in legalistic terms for a reason. First, the Emancipation Proclamation was conditional. The Emancipation Proclamation only freed slaves in certain areas of the Confederacy and not others. Second, it was also a military measure, a aimed at undermining the economic system of the South, Third, the Emancipation Proclamation might be challenged legally and had to stand up to constitutional scrutiny by the supreme Court, if the union could win the war. One of the criticisms of the Emancipation Proclamation was the fact that it did not set every slave free. Again, using today’s standards to judge is somewhat unfair because the union had to win the war first. Lincoln had to think about how the army and the Border States would react. Although the army did not dissolve or the Border States did not leave the union, there was not universal rejoicing at the Emancipation Proclamation. The Proclamation also strengthened the Confederate will because Lincoln had struck at the very heart of the south and the way of life the Confederacy was fighting for. The enlistment of the African-American, both ex-slaves and freed blacks, in Union armies represented turning point because that was the evidence that the war had changed and a new era was beginning. The black man would earn respect in the service of the union but that did not equate to equal treatment. The rights earned in the crucible of warwould be frittered away in the years after the war, giving the Emancipation Proclamation hollow meaniing for many blacks. The mixed reputation of Lincoln among African-Americans is a demonstration of dashed hopes and the failure of expectations. The failures of Reconstruction and the suppression of African-Americans lowered the stature of Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation. When looked at from a genuine abolition viewpoint, Lincoln was cold and indifferent and did not move fast enough. However, when measured by the sentiments of the country, which Lincoln was bound to consult, he was swift, radical, and determined. And for that Lincoln should and does have a special place in the hearts of all Americans