用英语介绍心理学

Change detection is the apprehension of change in the world around us. The ability to detect change is important in much of our everyday life—for example, noticing a person entering the room, coping with traffic, or watching a kitten as it runs under a table. However, in spite of the pervasiveness of change detection in our lives, it has proven surprisingly difficult to study. Only recently have various approaches begun to converge in terms of what it is and how it is carried out. As used here, the term change detection pertains primarily to the visual processes involved in first noticing a change. It denotes not only detection proper (i.e., the observer reporting on the existence of the change), but also identification (reporting what the change is) and localization (reporting where it is). The perception of dynamic patterns per se (e.g., the perception of movement) is not discussed in detail here, since this involves a formidable set of issues in its own right (see e.g., Jacobs et al. 1988). Likewise, the focus is on behavioral measures and their interpretation rather than investigations into underlying neural systems. Restricted in this way, change detection might appear to be a fairly straightforward process. However, empirical studies have repeatedly proven otherwise. For example, we as observers tend to believe we could immediately detect any change in front of us if it were sufficiently large (Levin et al. 2000). However, this is not so: Under a wide variety of conditions we can be amazingly blind to changes, failing to see them even when they are large, repeatedly made, and anticipated (for reviews, see Rensink 2000a, Simons & Levin 1997). This “change blindness” (Rensink et al. 1997) is a striking phenomenon, one that has often served as the flip side of change detection: Just as our ability to detect change has cast light on some perceptual mechanisms, so has our inability to detect it cast light on others. The study of change detection can be loosely divided into three phases. The first, occurring roughly between the mid-1950s and mid-1960s, included the work of French (1953) on changes in position in dot arrays and Hochberg (1968) on changes to faces; here, change usually occurred during a temporal gap of several seconds. Meanwhile, studies such as Ditchburn’s (1955) and Wallach & Lewis’s (1966) investigated displacements made during an eye movement (or saccade).

非常简单。Psychology[心理学]isanacademicandapplieddisciplinewhichinvolvesthescientificstudyofhumanoranimalmentalfunctionsandbehaviors.Inthefieldofpsychology,aprofessionalresearcherorpractitioneriscalledapsychologist.Inadditionoroppositiontoemployingscientificmethods,psychologistsoftenrelyuponsymbolicinterpretationandcriticalanalysis,albeitlessfrequentlythanothersocialscientistssuchassociologists.(以上为短文解释,以下为另一段应用范围及种类)Psychologistsstudysuchphenomenaasperception,cognition,attention,emotion,motivation,personality,behaviorandinterpersonalrelationships.Some,especiallydepthpsychologists,alsoconsidertheunconsciousmind.aPsychologistsattempttounderstandtheroleofmentalfunctionsinindividualandsocialbehavior,whilealsoexploringtheunderlyingphysiologicalandneurologicalprocesses.Psychologicalknowledgeisappliedtovariousspheresofhumanactivityincludingthefamily,education,employment,andtothetreatmentofmentalhealthproblems.Psychologyincludesmanysub-fieldsthatspanareasasdiverseashumandevelopment,sports,health,industry,mediaandlaw.Psychologyincorporatesresearchfromthesocialsciences,naturalsciences,andhumanities.(以下为字义)ThewordpsychologyisfromGreek:ψυχ

非常简单。psychology[心理学]isanacademicandapplieddisciplinewhichinvolvesthescientificstudyofhumanoranimalmentalfunctionsandbehaviors.inthefieldofpsychology,aprofessionalresearcherorpractitioneriscalledapsychologist.inadditionoroppositiontoemployingscientificmethods,psychologistsoftenrelyuponsymbolicinterpretationandcriticalanalysis,albeitlessfrequentlythanothersocialscientistssuchassociologists.(以上为短文解释,以下为另一段应用范围及种类)psychologistsstudysuchphenomenaasperception,cognition,attention,emotion,motivation,personality,behaviorandinterpersonalrelationships.some,especiallydepthpsychologists,alsoconsidertheunconsciousmind.apsychologistsattempttounderstandtheroleofmentalfunctionsinindividualandsocialbehavior,whilealsoexploringtheunderlyingphysiologicalandneurologicalprocesses.psychologicalknowledgeisappliedtovariousspheresofhumanactivityincludingthefamily,education,employment,andtothetreatmentofmentalhealthproblems.psychologyincludesmanysub-fieldsthatspanareasasdiverseashumandevelopment,sports,health,industry,mediaandlaw.psychologyincorporatesresearchfromthesocialsciences,naturalsciences,andhumanities.(以下为字义)thewordpsychologyisfromgreek:ψυχήpsukhē"breath,spirit,soul";and-λογία,-logia"studyof".严禁转载,请勿盗用。

非常简单。Psychology [心理学] is an academic and applied discipline which involves the scientific study of human or animal mental functions and behaviors. In the field of psychology, a professional researcher or practitioner is called a psychologist. In addition or opposition to employing scientific methods, psychologists often rely upon symbolic interpretation and critical analysis, albeit less frequently than other social scientists such as sociologists.(以上为短文解释, 以下为另一段应用范围及种类)Psychologists study such phenomena as perception, cognition, attention, emotion, motivation, personality, behavior and interpersonal relationships. Some, especially depth psychologists, also consider the unconscious mind.a Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the underlying physiological and neurological processes.Psychological knowledge is applied to various spheres of human activity including the family, education, employment, and to the treatment of mental health problems. Psychology includes many sub-fields that span areas as diverse as human development, sports, health, industry, media and law. Psychology incorporates research from the social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities.(以下为字义)The word psychology is from Greek: ψυχ�0�6 psukhē "breath, spirit, soul"; and -λογ�0�7α, -logia "study of".严禁转载, 请勿盗用。