霍金的故事英文

Stephen William Hawking, Cambridge University, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Professor of the most important family of general relativity and cosmology, is the international reputation of one of the greats, known as the greatest living scientists, but also Known as the "king of the universe. " 70 years together with his proof of the famous Penrose singularity theorem, for which they jointly received the 1988 Wolf Prize in Physics. He therefore regarded as the world, after following the Einstein's most famous philosophers of science and the most outstanding theoretical physicist. He also proved that the black hole area theorem, that is, the increase over time diminished the area of the black hole. It is naturally the area of the black hole entropy and thermodynamics of the linked Hawking hopes unlock the mysteries of the universe at its birth, the 1970s, Stephen Hawking used quantum mechanics to explain the phenomenon of black holes, but after 30 years, with the entire universe interpretation of quantum mechanics has become more difficult. Hawking wanted to find a perfect explanation for the phenomenon of the universe 13.7 billion years theory to explain the birth of the universe until now, but years later he still did not even infinitely close to a conclusion. According to his theory of quantum mechanics, the birth of the universe is a large explosion, which is a small but infinitely compressed material with a large gravity (density can also be interpreted as infinite) product of the explosion. Theoretical aspects of quantum mechanics can not explain how this process? Why? Hawking said, "That must be a small-scale gravity can be described in theory." The latest scientific breakthrough is Hawking's colleagues at Queen Mary College London, Mike Green (Michael. Green) involved in construction of the superstring theory, referred to as "string theory", this theory suggests that all particles and forces of nature, in fact, are in shock the same as the string of small objects, Hawking has tried to solve the answers to the problem of gravity, the theory must be established in the universe must be greater than 9,10 or even 11 dimensions, while three-dimensional world we live in may The real universe is just one of the many films from around the world ... the current space and Earth scientists are doing related experiments to prove string theory and from experiment to prove Hawking's black holes to support the theory and quantum theory. July 21, 2004, in Dublin, Ireland at the "17th International Conference of General Relativity and Gravitation", the Hawking approach to a 180-degree turn, and said he had the wrong point of view, information should be conserved. He announced new study of black holes the universe: black holes is not, as he and most other physicists previously thought, everything around them "completely swallowed", in fact, the material sucked into the depths of some of the black hole information may actually be released at some point: information conservation. The reason is the black hole like the previous too idealistic, and the black hole thermal radiation would also like too idealized. However, Hawking has been no rigorous proof is given to support his new ideas. Thorn said that the matter can not be a man by the Hawking final say, he still insisted on the views of the information is not conserved. Puri Sharansky said Hawking's speech did not understand, do not understand why they won. At present, this involves sensitive issues based on quantum theory is far from resolved.The theoretical study of black holes beyond the black hole itself, which not only touched by the information difficult cornerstone of quantum theory - the unitary, and opened a new chapter in the nature of time.20th century 60's to 80's, black hole research has made significant progress. Initially thought to be a dead black hole stars, what can fall into, but do not run out of anything. 1974, Hawking proved that black holes are temperature, there is radiation. Hawking radiation of black holes and Hawking found that I have become a household name.After 80 years of the 20th century, the focus gradually shifted from the black hole of temperature shift information paradox. It has long been aware that the black hole to lose the external observer falling into a black hole to form black holes and, later, almost all the material information, which is the "no hair theorems." The famous "Hawking radiation" theory. The so-called "Mao" means "information." Only the total mass of the black hole, the total charge and angular momentum of three "hair" can be outside Discovery. People initially thought, although the external observer can not ascertain information on material inside a black hole, but that information does not disappear from the universe, but hidden in the black hole interior. After the discovery of Hawking radiation, people know the material in the final black hole will be fully converted into thermal radiation, and thermal radiation hardly any information out. Thus, the formation and material falling into the black hole of information from the disappearance of the universe, information is no longer conserved, not only the conservation of baryon number, lepton number conservation and other laws no longer hold, the unitary nature of quantum theory will also be destroyed. Faced with such a serious theoretical difficulties, physicists engaged in a fierce debate. Most physicists believe that conservation of information theory, the unitary believe the cornerstone of the quantum theory will not be destroyed. In short, the information should be conserved. Hawking and Thorne, represented by the theory of relativity experts believe that the information is not necessarily conserved, unitary nature may be destroyed completely. To this end, Hawking and Thorne firmly believe that information with the conservation of Puri Sharansky bet."This theory beginning from the birth of trouble: many scientists insist it with the" law of conservation of information "are contradictory. This degree known as the" black hole paradox. "

Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942. He’s one of the most wellknown scientists on space and time in the world. Hawking is researching how the space and time exist in the world. Hawking is researching how the universe1 began and how it ends. He is called the King of the Universe.

斯蒂芬·霍金1942年出生于英国。他是世界上最著名的时空科学家之一。霍金正在研究世界上空间和时间是如何存在的。霍金正在研究宇宙是如何开始和结束的。他被称为宇宙之王。

When he studied math and science at Oxford University， he became seriously ill， which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines. Till now， he can’t move or feed himself and he is helped to dress， eat and wash by a nurse. However， he has a wheelchair with a special computer， with which he can communicate with others.

当他在牛津大学学习数学和科学时，他得了重病，没有机器的帮助，他无法说话或呼吸。到目前为止，他不能移动或养活自己，他的衣服，吃和洗由护士帮助。然而，他有一个轮椅和一台特殊的电脑，他可以与其他人交流。

In spite of all these difficulties， he refused to give up his hope of living and went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965， he got a doctor’s degree in philosophy2. Now he works as a professor at Cambridge University.

尽管有这些困难，他拒绝放弃生活的希望，从牛津大学毕业后继续在剑桥大学学习。1965年，他获得了哲学博士学位。现在他在剑桥大学当教授。

Because of his serious illness， it was difficult for him to draw diagrams3 or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking， he is respected4 by people in the world. Then in 1988， he wrote his first important book， A Brief History of Time. It has been sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different languages. He was once invited to China to give lectures. His selfconfidence and humorous5 conversations impressed us deeply.

由于他病得很重，他很难画图表或写字。所以他开始用图片思考。有了这种新的思维方式，他受到了世界上人们的尊敬。1988年，他写了他的第一本重要著作“时间简史”。这本书已经以33种不同的语言售出了550多万册。他曾应邀到中国讲学。他的自信和幽默的谈话给我们留下了深刻的印象。

From Stephen Hawking’s unusual experience， we learn that nobody should lose hope， no matter how bad the situation is. As he once said， “Life is not fair， you just have to do the best you can in your own situation.”

从史蒂芬·霍金不同寻常的经历中，我们了解到，没有人会失去希望，不管情况有多糟糕。正如他曾经说过的：“生活是不公平的，你只需要在你自己的情况下尽你所能。”

拓展资料：

斯蒂芬·威廉·霍金（Stephen William Hawking，1942年1月8日至2018年3月14日），男，出生于英国牛津，英国剑桥大学著名物理学家，现代最伟大的物理学家之一、20世纪享有国际盛誉的伟人之一。

1963年，霍金21岁时患上肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症（卢伽雷氏症），全身瘫痪，不能言语，手部只有三根手指可以活动。1979至2009年任卢卡斯数学教授，主要研究领域是宇宙论和黑洞，证明了广义相对论的奇性定理和黑洞面积定理，提出了黑洞蒸发理论和无边界的霍金宇宙模型，在统一20世纪物理学的两大基础理论——爱因斯坦创立的相对论和普朗克创立的量子力学方面走出了重要一步。获得CH（英国荣誉勋爵）、CBE（大英帝国司令勋章）、FRS（英国皇家学会会员）、FRSA（英国皇家艺术协会会员）等荣誉。

2012年4月6日播出的热播美剧《生活大爆炸》第五季第21集中，史蒂芬·霍金本色出演参与了客串。2017年为英国BBC录制纪录片《探索新地球》。[1]物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金11月6日表示，技术有望逆转工业化对地球造成的一些危害，有助于消除疾病和贫困，但人工智能需要加以控制。[2] 2017年11月，霍金预言2600年能源消耗增加，地球或将变成“火球”。

2018年3月14日，霍金逝世，享年76岁。霍金逝世后，引发全球各界悼念。

参考资料：百度百科史蒂芬霍金百度百科