Summary:Science is the social activity that pursues the truth, the scientist should do a research according to scientific spirit strictly.But today,under the influence of various social factors, the aberrance behaviors of scientists' took place repeatedly.The aberrance behaviors of science have already become problems need to be discussed in science activities, and need to take into a serious research.This text discussed the connotation,reason,behavior and social control of science aberrance. Keyword:the aberrance of science,the mechanism of scientific evaluation ,social control