泪膜英文

eye的读音如下：

英 [aɪ]   美 [aɪ]。

eye的汉语意思是：

n.

眼睛;有…眼睛的;有…只眼的;视力;眼力;眼光;针鼻儿;风纪扣扣眼;风眼;芽眼。

vt.

注视;审视;细看。

eye的造句如下：

1、visible to the naked eye (especially of rocks).

肉眼可见的（尤其用于岩石）。

2、It's as simple as making eye contact with people as you walk down the street.

这就简单地如同你走在街上时与路人的眼神交流。

3、I need to wear an eye mask, always.

我需要戴眼罩，总是需要。

4、Bring along an eye mask to block more light.

带上一副眼罩阻挡更多的光线。

5、A dry eye is caused by a disturbance in the tear film overlying the ocular surface.

干眼是由覆盖于眼表的泪膜紊乱所引起的。

6、The film about eye operations turned my stomach.

这部眼科手术的影片看得我恶心极了。

在讲眼睛所需营养之前，李药师先来给大家分享一下：为什么会用眼过度，眼睛又为什么会疲劳。当人在近距离专注的观看时，如看手机、ipad、电脑屏幕等，人的眼睛会不自觉的减少眨眼的次数，而眨眼这个小小的动作，却是又很大用处的。每次眨眼，人的眼球表面都会形成一层泪膜（tear film），可别小看这层液体薄膜，它对维持眼睛的正常生理功能有着至关重要的作用，当眨眼次数减少，泪膜就会破裂，进一步引起眼睛的干燥不适，这也是为什么长时间使用电子产品之后会使眼睛感到疲劳的主要原因。长期疲劳用眼，甚至会引起泪膜不稳定，泪膜破裂时间（BUT）缩短，形成干眼症等眼科疾病。

下面来回答问题：

1.眼睛最需要哪些营养？

（1）水：你没看错，是水，“水汪汪的大眼睛”常用来形容漂亮、健康的眼睛，水是眼睛不可或缺的东西，眼睛如果干燥，会非常的不适，而上文里谈到的泪膜（Tear Film）也是泪液在结膜囊内均匀分布的一层薄膜，其重要成分之一，也是水。因此，为眼睛补水是很重要的，如现在流行于美容界的物质——玻尿酸，其实就是一种保水性很好的粘多糖类物质，大家可能不知道，这种物质在哺乳动物眼睛的玻璃体内，均有一定的分布，是人体固有的一种营养物质，因此又叫玻璃酸钠，玻璃酸钠对于眼部保水有非常重要的生理功能。

（2）脂质：人的眼睛为什么还需要脂质成分？答案是肯定的，科学研究表明，用于保持眼睛湿润的泪膜，虽然只有薄薄的一层，但却是一种三层结构的物质，它分为黏液层、水样层、和脂质层，脂质层对于维持泪膜稳定性至关重要。因此，卵磷脂类的脂质物质，对维持泪膜正常，眼睛正常营养也是非常重要的。

（3）维生素A：维生素A又叫视黄醇，是人类最早发现的维生素。虽然它在维生素中被发现的最早，但其生理功能到现在还未发掘完全。不过可以确认的是，维生素A对于维持人的正常视觉功能，是不可或缺的。如果眼睛缺乏维生素A，会引起夜盲症和视力减退。另外一点需要指出的是，维生素A的前体大家应该很熟悉，β-胡萝卜素，因此，补充维生素A和胡萝卜素，对眼睛都是很好的。

（4）保护眼睛晶体选天然维生素C，针叶樱桃含维C高过其他水果，市面上巴西针叶樱桃粉片属天然维生素C，能防止视网膜受到紫外线伤害、防止水晶体老化，增加眼睛里细小血管的韧性、修护细胞，帮助增进眼球健康。

（4）B族维生素：B族维生素，如维生素B5（泛醇），维生素B12等对于眼睛又两大生理功能，一是维持眼睛的上皮组织功能，而是维持营养视神经，缺乏B族维生素，可能会引起视神经的损坏。

（5）牛磺酸：牛磺酸（Taurine）是一种小分子的氨基酸，虽然分子小，功能却很强大。牛磺酸占视网膜中游离氨基酸总量的50%。知道猫的眼睛为什么炯炯有神吗？是因为它吃老鼠！1975年Hayes等报道，猫的饲料中若缺少牛磺酸，会导致其视网膜变性，长期缺乏，终至失明。猫以及夜行猫头鹰之所以要捕食老鼠，其主要原因是老鼠体内含有丰富的牛磺酸，多食可保持其锐利的视觉。牛磺酸对于维持视网膜的功能至关重要，儿童缺乏牛磺酸，会引起视网膜功能紊乱。

（6）叶黄素：叶黄素，别名类胡萝卜素、胡萝卜醇、植物黄体素、核黄体、万寿菊花素及植物叶黄素等，英文名为Lutein。是存在于蔬菜中的一种天然抗氧化物质。人类的眼睛含有高量的叶黄素，这种元素是人体无法制造的，必须靠摄入叶黄素来补充，若缺乏这种元素，眼睛就会失明。

我们的水球 有人说，我们的地球应当叫水球。这是有一定道理的，因为我们生活的这个星球有水，而且71%的表面积被水占着。在宇航员看来，地球是一个蓝色的球，十分璀灿，太阳系家庭中独一无二。地球拥有的水量非常巨大，总量为13.86亿立方千米。其中，96.5%在海洋里；1.76%在冰川、冻土、雪盖中，是固体状态；1.7%在地下；余下的，分散在湖泊、江河、大气和生物体中。因此可以说，从天空到地下，从陆地到海洋，到处都是水的世界。 惊天动地的水循环 ，全世界的水是一个有联系的整体。海水在阳光的照射下，不断蒸发，水汽弥漫在海洋上空；一部分水汽被气流带到陆地上空，遇冷就凝结成细小的水滴，变成云，降落到地面就是雨或雪；雨雪水落地后，有的流到洼坑里，有的渗入地下，有的流入小沟，汇进江河，奔向海洋。无数小水滴就是这样一刻不停地在世界上旅游。水循环保证了人类淡水的供应。知道水的循环以后，你就能解释：云的故乡在哪里？为什么江河里日日夜夜总是川流不息？为什么千万年来那么多江河水流进海洋，而海洋不见满溢出来？ 淡水在哪能里 地球上的水，尽管数量巨大，而能直接被人们生产和生活利用的，却少得可怜。首先，海水又咸又苦，不能饮用，不能浇地，也难以用于工业。其次，淡水只占总水量的2.6%左右，其中的绝大部分（占99%），被冻结在远离人类的南北两级和冻土中，无法利用，只有不到1%的淡水，它们散布在湖泊里、江河中和地底下。与全世界总水体比较起来，淡水量真如九牛一毛。Our water poloSomeone said, our earth should call water polo. This is a reason, because of our lives, and our planet is water surface area by water 71% takes. The astronauts opinion, the earth is a blue ball, very resplendent in the family, the solar system is unique. Earth has very great volume of water, total 13.86 billion cubic kilometers. Among them, 96.5% in the sea, The frozen earth, snow in glaciers, cover, is a solid state; 1.7% in underground, The remaining, scattered in the lakes, rivers, atmosphere and organisms. Therefore we can say that from the sky to the ground, from land to sea, the water is all over the world.Earthshaking, the world's water circulation water is a contact of the whole. Seawater in sunshine, constantly evaporation, steamy over the sea, Part of water vapor was brought to land, air over they get cooler condenses into small droplets into clouds, fell to the ground is rain or snow, After landing, some rain water flow to the hollow pits, some infiltration underground, some into small groove, remit into rivers and rush to the ocean. Countless droplets that keeps momently ground in the world tour. Water cycle guarantee human freshwater supplies. Know the water cycle later, you can explain: cloud hometown in where? Why always flowing rivers days and nights? Why so many thousands of rivers flow into the sea, and Marine missing overflow?Freshwater where can the water on the earth, although there are tremendous, and can directly by people living and production to use, but a little. First, seawater and salty again bitterness and not drinkable, cannot irrigate fields, it will be difficult for industrial. Secondly, freshwater accounts for only total water 2.6 or so, most of them (99%), frozen in the north and south of stay away from the humans two level and permafrost, cannot use, less than 1% of fresh water, they spread in lakes, rivers and underground. With the world total water comparison, freshwater really like a snip.2、VOCS（挥发性有机物） 室内空气中的VOCS主要来源于各种建筑和装饰材料，如油漆、涂料、粘胶剂、室内装饰用品、空气消毒剂、杀虫剂等化工产品释放、燃料燃烧、烹饪、环境烟草烟雾，日用化学品等。VOCS对人的各种粘膜刺激作用中最常见的是对眼、鼻、咽喉部位的刺激，引起眼睛刺痛和干燥感，眨眼频率增加，并常伴有无其他症状的流泪，眼分泌物增多。使泪膜的稳定性降低，泪液中细胞含量发生变化如白蛋白浓度增加，出现鼻咽部干燥、刺痛、鼻血、鼻塞并可出现咳嗽、声音嘶哑和嗅觉改变等。咽部检查可见咽喉充血、炎症。皮肤多见干燥、瘙痒、刺痛、红斑等。VOCS污染严重时可致神经精神机能失调及痴呆。许多VOCS还可导致过敏性肺炎。2, volatile organic compounds (VOCS)Indoor air of VOCS mainly comes from various types of construction and decoration materials, such as paint, coating, adhesive, indoor decorative supplies, air disinfectants, pesticides and chemical product release and fuel burning, cooking, environmental tobacco smoke, daily chemical, etc. To the person's various mucosa VOCS stimulation is the most common is irritating to eyes, nose, and throat chakra stimulation, cause eye tingling and dry feeling, blinking frequency increases, and frequent, no other symptoms of tears, eye secretion increased. Make the LeiMo reduced stability, tear cells content changes such as albumin increasing concentration, appear nose pharynx ministry dry, tingling, nosebleed, and snuffle and can appear cough, 3 hoarseness and smell change etc. Pharyngeal checks visible throat hyperaemia, inflammation. See more dry, itchy skin, smartly, erythema, etc. VOCS pollution serious when can cause nerve mental dysfunction and dementia. Many VOCS can also cause hypersensitivity pneumonitis.3、苯系物 苯系物是VOCS中研究较多的一类化合物，室内常见的苯系物包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯等，主要来自涂料、粘合剂、地板、家具，也有部分来自石油及其燃烧产物。国际癌症研究机构（LARC）已确认苯为人类致癌物，接触高浓度的苯（127.6mg/m3）有发生急性非淋巴细胞性白血病的危险；急性高浓度苯暴露还可引起中枢神经抑制和发育不全性白血病。甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯在一定浓度时可对眼和上呼吸道粘膜产生刺激，并可引起疲劳、乏力、头痛、意识迷糊和中枢神经抑制；在高浓度时，可引起脑病和脑萎缩，导致共济失调。甲苯的急性毒性为神经毒性和肝毒性，二甲苯可产生急性肾毒性，神经毒性和胚胎毒性。3, benzene department contentBenzenes in VOCS content is more research in class of compounds, indoor common benzenes in content including benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene etc, mainly from coating, adhesive, floor, furniture, some from oil and combustion products. The international agency for research on cancer (LARC) has confirmed benzene for human carcinogens, contact with high concentrations of benzene (127.6 mg/m3) have an acute blame drenchs ba leukemia dangerous; Acute high concentrations of benzene exposure can also cause central nervous suppression and dysplasia sex leukemia. Toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene in certain chroma can be irritating to eyes and upper respiratory tract mucous membrane produces stimulation, and can cause fatigue, weakness, headache, consciousness confused and central nervous inhibition; In high concentration, can cause brain atrophy, causing encephalopathy and ataxia. Toluene acute toxicity for neurotoxicity and liver toxicity, xylene can produce acute renal toxicity, neurotoxicity and embryology toxicity. 4、NH3（氨） 室内空气中的氨也可来自室内装饰材料，如建筑主体结构上加入的防冻剂，胶粘剂，烫发剂，人体分泌物及代谢物等。氨对人体的眼和呼吸道粘膜有刺激作用，低浓度时主要是刺激症状，眼痒、眼干、打喷嚏、咽喉干燥、流鼻涕等，高浓度时可产生炎症。氨的溶解度极高，所以主要对人体的上呼吸道有刺激和腐蚀的作用，减弱人体对疾病的抵抗力，对于呼吸系统有病的人要更加注意。短期内吸入大量氨气后可出现流泪、咽痛、声音嘶哑、咳嗽、痰可带血丝、胸闷、呼吸困难，可伴有头晕、头痛、恶心、呕吐、乏力等。严重者可发生肺水肿、成人呼吸窘迫综合症。4, NH3 (ammonia)Indoor air of ammonia can also come from indoor decoration materials, such as the construction of subject structure in joining antifreeze, adhesives, marcel agent, the human body secretions and metabolites, etc. Ammonia to human eyes and respiratory tract is irritant, low concentration is mainly stimulating symptoms, eye itch, dry eye, sneeze, throat drying, runny nose, high concentration can produce inflammation. Ammonia is extremely high, so the solubility of mainly for human upper respiratory tract have stimulated and corrosion function, abate the human body resistance to illness, for respiratory sick person wants to pay attention. Short-term inhaled large ammonia after can appear tears, sore throat, voice hoarse, cough, phlegm can take silk, bosom frowsty, difficulty breathing, may be accompanied by dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, etc. Serious can produce pulmonary edema, adult respiratory distress syndrome.5、臭氧（O3） 室内O3主要源于复印机等办公设备及室外。O3的强氧化力对人体健康有危害作用。人群短期O3暴露后可出现肺功能水平急速降低。O3的嗅阈为40μ g/m3，在100μ g/m3以下时，被认为是无作用剂量浓度。达200μ g/m3时，可对易感者的眼、鼻及咽部粘膜产生刺激；当浓度达300μ g/m3时，将近30%的人群有粘膜刺激感；15%的人群一秒钟最大呼气流量下降；达400μ g/m3时，50%的人群产生刺激症状，25%的人群一秒钟最大呼气流量下降。O3浓度在4.28mg/m3（2ppm）时，短时间接触即可出现呼吸道刺激症状、咳嗽、头痛，在此浓度下暴露2小时可出现呼吸困难、胸痛。低浓度O3长期作用可抑制人体免疫机能。5, ozone (O3)Indoor O3 mainly comes from copiers.the equipment and outdoor. O3 of strong oxidation force is harmful to human body health role. Crowd short-term O3 after exposure can appear sharply reduced lung function level. The smell of the threshold for 40 O3 muon g/m3, in 100 muon g/m3 below, is considered to be without effect dose concentration. 200 mu g/m3 can be susceptible persons of eye, nose and throat mucous membrane produces stimulation, When the concentration of 300 mu g/m3, nearly 30 percent of people who have mucosal excitement, A second largest 15% of the crowd expiratory flow down; Up to 400 mu g/m3, 50% of the crowd stimulates the production of symptoms, 25% of the crowd a second largest expiratory flow decline. O3 concentration in 2ppm m3 (4.28 mg /), shorter contact can appear respiratory symptoms of irritation, headache, cough, in this concentration by exposing 2 hours can have difficulty breathing, chest pain. Low concentration O3 long-term effects can restrain the body's immune function. 6、硫化氢（H2S） 室内H2S污染主要来源于下水道、生活垃圾、污物等，另外，人体呼出气、汗液、大小便等也可排出H2S。H2S是无色有臭鸡蛋味的气体，对中枢神经系统，上呼吸道系统有较强的刺激，易引起中毒。低浓度H2S中毒症状为头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐；高浓度H2S中毒症状为昏迷、意识突然丧失、窒息死亡。 室内空气二次污染主要由使用空调调节系统引起。空调对人体健康的危害可分为三大类：急性传染病，过敏性疾病（肺炎和哮喘）和不良建筑综合症。空调环境下工作和生活的人容易出现疲乏、头疼、胸闷、恶心、嗜睡、易感冒等症状，即所谓的“空调综合症”。6, hydrogen sulfide (H2S)Indoor H2S pollution mainly come from the sewer, living garbage, dirt, etc, in addition, human breath, sweat and urine to wait to also can discharge H2S. H2S is colorless bad egg flavor of gas, the central nervous system, the upper respiratory system has the strong stimulation, easy cause poisoning. Low concentration H2S poisoning symptoms for headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, High concentrations of H2S poisoning symptoms for coma, consciousness suddenly loses, suffocation deaths.Indoor air secondary pollution mainly by using air conditioning control system is caused. Air conditioning damage to human body health can be divided into three categories: acute infectious diseases, allergic diseases (pneumonia and asthma) and bad building syndrome. Air conditioning environment to live and work appears easily fatigue, headache, chest tightness, nausea, drowsiness, easy to catch a cold, the so-called "air conditioning syndrome".