新概念英语倒装句

英语教材是英语课程标准的理念的体现,是英语课堂教学的首要载体,是英语课程实施的焦点和中枢。新概念英语第一次有哪些知识点呢?接下来我为你整理了新概念英语第一册知识点，一起来看看吧。

在完成时构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词

用法：

1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用

I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了)

He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)

They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了)

2) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：

Have you finished your homework?

Have you been to Beijing?

Have he seen the film?

3) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

I have worked for this school for 1 year.

4) 表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情

I have never had a bath.

I have never seen a film.

I have never been to cinema.

I have ever been to Paris.

Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了

I have been to London.(人已经回来)

He has gone to London.(人还在那里)

5) 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用

I have lost my pen.

I have hurt myself.

He has become a teacher.

She has broken my heart.

句型变化：

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.

e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I have. No, I have not.

★特殊疑问句：

What have you done?

What has he done?

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：

凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时

注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用

错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

1)代词及be动词

主格 I we you you she/he/it they

宾格 me us you you her/him/it them

代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

be动词现在时 Am are are are is are

be动词过去时 was were were were was were

2)名词的复数

规则变化的名词复数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

3)动词的第三人称单数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

规则3 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

4)动词现在分词

规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

规则3 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

5)动词过去式

规则动词变化

规则1 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played

规则2 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived

规则3 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

规则4 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ed stop-stopped

过去式的读音

在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched

在/t/，/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated

6)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

比较级

规则1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

规则2 以e结尾加-r nice-nicer

规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-er busy-busier

规则4 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加-er fat-fatter

最高级

规则1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

规则2 以e结尾加-st nice-nicest

规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-est busy-busiest

规则4 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加--est fat-fattest

7)常见缩写：

is='s I am=I'm are='re

is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/

do not=don't

does not=doesn't

was='s

did not=didn't

can not=can't

have='ve

has='s

have not=haven't

has not=hasn't

will='ll

will not=won't

shall not=shan't

完全倒装：又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。也就是谓语+主语+……

理论的东西说多了大家迷糊，其实我们通常见到的There be句型就是完全倒装句

①There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语)

例子：

There was problem between us.我们俩之间曾经有矛盾

There are ducks swimming in the river.河里有很多鸭子在游

②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+……

例子：

Out runs a lady.跑出来一位女士

Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了

③过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+……

例子：

Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌子旁的是他的夫人

需要注意的是，某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。(方位词在句首，主语是名词，全部倒装)

例子：

Here comes Harry Potte.哈利波特来了。

Here it is.在这里。

Here is your bag.这是你的包，根据语境还可翻译为给你包。

部分倒装(PartialInversion)(又称半倒装句)：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调，其表现形式如下：

1.only+状语或状语从句置于句首，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。

例子：

Only in this way can you solve this problem.

只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。

Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

2.hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom, never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only…(but also),not until…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。

例子：

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

我刚到家就下起了雨。

Seldom do I go to work by bus.

我很少乘公共汽车上班。

Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.

她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。

3.so/such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so/such和that之间的部分。

例子：

So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌。

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

她的彩排进行得那么长，以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

新概念英语第二册倒装句语法知识

在倒装句中，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。下面是由我为大家分享整理的新概念英语第二册倒装句语法知识，欢迎大家阅读浏览。

一、倒装的类型

1.完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语之前。

Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends.

2.部分倒装：只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。

Seldom does he go to school late.

二、倒装结构的基本用法

1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装

1) 疑问句中，用完全或部分倒装，但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的.名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序

Where did he go last Monday?

Are you listening to the radio?

2) “there be”结构中，There are three wells in our village.

There stands a big paper making factory by the river.

3) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中，使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。

There goes the bell.

Now comes your turn to play

Down she went.

4) 在以neither nor 或no more开头的句子中，表示“……也不这样”， neither和nor意思相同，可以替换使用;no more表示动作的程度并不比前面提到的稍强，意为“也不……”。

I can’t swim, nor (neither) can she .

He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.

He did not turn up. No more did his wife.

5) 用在as(尽管)引导的让步状语从句中,从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though, although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装(表语提前)。

Proud as the nobles are, he is afraid to see me .

Young as he is, he knows a lot .

2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。(使句子更加流畅，更加生动)

1) 含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，常用否定词有：never, not, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not only…but also, no sooner …than, hardly (scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。

Never before have we seen such a sight.

Little did I think that he could be back alive.

Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift.

Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.

2) 副词only放在句首时,only 起强调作用，其句型为“only +状语+部分倒装”。如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。

Only then did he realize his mistakes.

Only in this way can you learn maths well.

Only Mother can understand me.

3) 虚拟语气条件从句中,把从句中if省略将were，had或should放在主语的前面。

Were they here, they would help us.

Had I been informed earlier. I could have done something.

Should you fail, take more pain and try again.

4) 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。

“He is a clever boy.” said the teacher.

“Go, Dick, go!” cried Tom, “Go home and get help.”

“What do you think of the film?” he asked.

“I’m leaving for Hongkong next month.” Mary told me yesterday.

5) 表示祝愿的句子中,谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。

May you succeed!

Long live the Communist Party of China.

6) 副词so在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中。

He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.

They will learn chemistry next term, so will I.

I can drive a car, so can my younger brother.

如果后面的句子只是单纯重复前句的意思，不表示也适用于另一人或事，则不用倒装结构。

- Tom won the first prize for the English competition. -So he did.

- It was cold yesterday. - So it was.

7) 在频度状语often, always, many a time等开头的句子中。

Often did we warn them not to do so.

Many a time has she helped me with my English.

8) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首。

Thus ended his life.

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.

9) 介词短语作状语，放在句首。

In the middle of the room stood a little girl.

In the distance was a horse.

10) 在强调表语的句子中,表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。

Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.

Such is life.

Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.

【专项训练】

1、______ that we all went out, lying in the sun.

A.The weather so fine was B.So fine was the weather C.So the weather was fine D.So was fine weather

2、Under his arm ______ a pair of shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days before.

A.is B.are C.was D.were

3、______ who had arrested him three times for carrying drugs.

A.Before George stood the policeman B.Before George the policeman stood C.Before the policeman stood George D.Before George did the policeman

4、Then ______ we had been looking forward to .

A.came the hour B.the hour came C.comes the hour D.the hour is coming

5、Only when he started to explain ______ the reason for this.

A.she realized B.did she realize C.she had realized D.had she realized

6、______ succeed in doing anything.

A.Only by working hard we can B.By only working hard we can C.Only by working hard can we D.Only we can by working hard

7、Not for a moment ______ the truth of your story.

A.he has doubted B.he doubts C.did he doubt D.he did doubt

8、Nowhere else in the world ______ cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.

A.a tourist can find B.can a tourist find C.a tourist will find D.a tourist has found

9、Hardly ______ when the bus suddenly pulled away.

A.they had got to the bus-stop B.they got to the bus-stop C.did they get to the bus-stop D.had they got to the bus -stop

10、Mary doesn’t speak French, and ______ does Joan.

A.not B.neither C.either D.so

参考答案：

1、B 2、C 3、A 4、A 5、B 6、C 7、C 8、B 9、D 10、B

Her mother is a warm—hearted old lady. 运用的句型