英文什么叫分词

分词分为：过去分词和现在分词.即动词加-ed或-ing 过去分词,可用作表示过去发生的动作,如：I wrote a letter.我写过一封信 现在分词,可用作表示现在正在发生的动作,如：I am writing a letter.我正在写一封信 另外,两种分词可以用作状语或引导状语从句,如： Giving the money back to him,I feel happy,我把钱还给他,我感觉高兴 Given the money back to me,I feel happy.把钱给我（我被给）,我感到高兴 现在分词的基本功能. 1. 现在分词作定语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征,此时可换成相应的定语从句.例如： ① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. ② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow. ③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech. 2. 现在分词作状语时,可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性.例如： ① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here. ② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. ③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. 3. 现在分词作补足语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.例如： ① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. ② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 4. 现在分词的独立主格结构作状语.例如： ① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word. ②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “妈妈!”他突然哭着喊,泪水从他的脸上流下来.（这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 tears rolling down his cheeks 作状语.） ③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天气允许的话,我们就去长城.（这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 Weather permitting 作状语.

分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词;尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点,如时态,语态、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能.分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式.现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示"主动和进行",过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成).分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等. 一.分词总介: 1、 分词作状语 分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等. 分词（短语）作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致..当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式,且所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式.完成或被动关系用过去分词. （1）现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. （2）过去分词Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better. 2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)＋分词"结构 现在分词或过去分词作状语时,有时可以在分词前加while,when, once, although, until, if等连词. When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work…… Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well. Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand. 3、分词作定语 分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面.现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系). We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund. This is really an exhausting day to all of us! We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day. More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries 4、分词作宾语补足语 现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分. 5、分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用.现在分词表示主语的性质,而且主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态,主语多为人. 编辑本段 二.现在分词的用法： 1) 做表语： He was very amused. That book was rather boring. 很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语： exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling. 2) 作定语： 上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语, 修饰一个名词： That must have been a terrifying experience. I found him a charming person. 现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词, 相当于一个定语从句： There are a few boys swimming in the river. There is a car waiting outside. 3) 作状语： 现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作： Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain. Opening the drawer, he took out a box. Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. 现在分词短语还可以表示原因, 相当于一个原因状语从句： Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money. 现在分词短语还可以表示时间, 相当于一个时间状语从句： Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Returning home, he began to do his homework. Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis. Be careful when crossing the road. Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. Having finished her work, she went home. 4)作宾补： 现在分词在一些动词之后可以做宾语的补语： 例如, see, hear, catch, find, keep , have 等. I see him passing my house every day. I caught him stealing things in that shop. I smelt something burning. She kept him working all day. 编辑本段 三.过去分词的用法： 1) 作表语： We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning. She felt confused, and even frightened. They were very pleased with the girl. I’m satisfied with your answer. He is not interested in research. 2) 作定语： She has a pleased look on her face. The teacher gave us a satisfied smile. cooked food a written report fried eggs boiled water frozen food armed forces required courses fallen leaves finished products a forced smile the risen sun new arrived visitors What’s the language spoken in that country? They’re problem left over by history. The play put on by the teachers was a big success. Is there anybody injured? Do you know the number of books ordered? 3)作状语： Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year. They came in, followed by some children. Depressed, he went to see his elder sister. When treated with kindness, he was very amiable. 4)作宾补： 过去分词也同样可以作宾语的补语, 接在某些动词后面 I will have the clothes washed tomorrow. When they get back home, they found the room robbed. 希望对你有帮助～～～

分词[participle]具有动词及形容词二者特征的词; 尤指以-ing或-ed, -d, -t, -en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词, 具有形容词功能, 同时又表现各种动词性特点, 如时态, 语态、 带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。

分词就是具有动词及形容词，以口特征的词，尤指-ing或-ed、-d、-t、-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词，具有形容词功能，同时又表达各种动词性特点，如时态、语态、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。

词分分为音节划分状语从句：过去分词两种，一种的英文非谓语动词形式。现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”（不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成）分词可以有自己的。

分词作状语

分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。

分词（短语）作状语时，逻辑其主语应与句中主语相harmony和谐。当音节划分表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，则用现在分词的完成时，当所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，则用现在分词的一般式。完成或被动关系用过去分词。

（1）现在分词：

The students went out of the classroom, laughed and talked.

学生走出教室，有说有笑。

（2）过去分词：

Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.

在朋友的陪伴下，他去了火车站。给予更好的关注，植物可以生长得更好。

"while ( when、once、until、if 、though等从属连词)+分词"结构

现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while、when、once、although、until、if等从属连词。

When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work.

当离开机场，她一次又一次地向我们招手。在等火车的时候，我和姐姐聊了很久她的工作。

分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词，具有形容词功能，同时又表现各种动词性特点，如时态、语态、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。

分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，是一种非谓语动词形式。现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”（不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成）。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

分词的类型

1、作状语

分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。

分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时， 则用现在分词的完成式,当所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，则用现在分词的一般式。完成或被动关系用过去分词。

2、作宾语补足语

现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及使役动词have后面，与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补语的成分，有三种形式，即动词原形，现在分词和过去分词。

动词原形表示主动和完成，现在分词表示主动或正在进行，过去分词表示被动或完成。