[Violin小提琴Astringedinstrumentplayedwithabow,havingfourstringstunedatintervalsofafifth,anunfrettedfingerboard,andashallowerbodythantheviolandcapableofgreatflexibilityinrange,tone,anddynamics.用弓演奏的一种弦乐器,具有在第五音的音程上调音的四根弦和不分格指板,形体较古提琴浅,音域、音色和强弱相当灵活][Viola中提琴stringedinstrumentoftheviolinfamily,slightlylargerthanaviolin,tunedafifthlower,andhavingadeeper,moresonoroustone.提琴家族中的一种弦乐器,稍大于小提琴,调音比小提琴低五度,声音更为深沉、洪亮][Cello大提琴Afour-stringedinstrumentoftheviolinfamily,pitchedlowerthantheviolabuthigherthanthedoublebass.一种提琴类四弦乐器,音调比中提琴低但比低音提琴高][Doublebass低音提琴或大贝司Thelargestbowedstringedinstrumentinthemodernorchestra,alsousedfrequentlyinjazzensembles,especiallyplayedpizzicato.Thedoublebass,usuallyconsideredamemberoftheviolinfamily,istunedinfourthsandhastheslopingshouldersandflatbackcharacteristicoftheviols.IthasadeeprangebeginningaboutthreeoctavesbelowmiddleC.尤用于拨奏的现代管弦乐队的最大弓弦乐器,也常用于爵士乐合奏。低音提琴通常被算作提琴类,定弦为第四级音,颈部倾斜和背平是低音提琴的特点。它有始于中音以下三个八度音阶的深度范围][flute长笛Ahigh-pitchedwoodwindinstrumentconsistingofaslendertubeclosedatoneendwithkeysandfingerholesonthesideandanopeningneartheclosedendacrosswhichthebreathisblown.由一根一端封闭的纤细管子组成的高音木管乐器,侧边有按键和指孔,靠近封闭端有一个使气流进入的开口][piccolo短笛Asmallflutepitchedanoctaveabovearegularflute.一种音调比普通笛子高八度音的小笛子][clarinet单簧管Awoodwindinstrumenthavingastraight,cylindricaltubewithaflaringbellandasingle-reedmouthpiece,playedbymeansoffingerholesandkeys.单簧管,黑管一种管乐器,有直的圆筒形管身和一个外敞的管口及一个单簧吹口,以指孔和键的方式演奏][oboe双簧管Aslenderwoodwindinstrumentwithaconicalboreandadoublereedmouthpiece,havingarangeofthreeoctavesandapenetrating,poignantso