表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。 例:My suggestion is that weshould go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening 关于四六级中虚拟语气用法的总结1虚拟语气的考点为:would rather+that从句+一般过去时: 2 It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/ essential+that+动词原形; 3 It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时: 4 lest+that+should+动词原形; 5 if only+that+would+动词原形。 6注意:在虚拟语气的从句中,动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were",不用was If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你,就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。 7虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略,再把were, should或had 移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 典型例题_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意,在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. 8混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例如:条件句动作发生在过去,主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. (从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。)If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 9 Wish 句型 表达“但愿…,要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 10在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形, 其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括: suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist, advise, decree (发布命令;下令), determine, prefer, stipulate(规定,保证), move(动议,规定),direct(命令),maintain(坚持),decide,ask。 I suggest that you (should) not be late again next time. I prefer that you ( should ) not do that. 我认为你还是别干那件事的好。 注意一: 以上动词转化为名词(如:suggestion, proposal, demand, order, command, advice, desire, requirement, request, agreement, determination, preference , resolution, indication 等)后接同位语从句或表语从句时,从句要求用虚拟语气,其谓语部分用“(should)+ 动词原形” (should可省略)。例:1998年6月四级第68题 We are all for your proposal that discussion _____. a. be put off b. was put off c. should put off d. is to put off 全句意思是:我们都赞成你的建议,把讨论推迟。答案是A。 We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off. His demand is that all of us (should) be present at the meeting. 注意二:以上这类动词中有时候有的动词的宾语从句不用虚拟语气,必须根据句子的意思来判断。 What he said suggested(表明)that he did not agree with us. It is/was + 形容词 / 过去分词 + that + (should) + 动词原形这些形容词主要表示必要性、重要性、强制性、合适性、义务性,即某人对某事的反应。 important, natural, desirable, possible, astonishing, advisable(可取的, 明智的), anxious, appropriate, compulsory(义务的;强制的;强迫的), crucial (至关紧要的), eager, essential, fitting, imperative (命令的, 强制的, 必要的), improper, natural, necessary, obligatory (义不容辞的, 必须的), preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing shocked, requested It was essential that the application forms be sent back before the deadline. It is requested that a vote be taken. 有人提请投票表决。 It is necessary that we all should do our best to protect environment around us. 注意:表示不可思议、滑稽、不可想象、令人吃惊这样的形容词如amazing, strange, odd, ridiculous, surprising, unthinkable,incredible等后的that从句中should一般不省略,而且翻译为“竟然”, 表示说话人的惊异、懊悔、失望等情感。 It is surprising that they should pass the time like that. It is incredible that Jane should have finished her paper so soon. It is strange that there should be any hope of finding the lost child.