祈使句英语ppt

英语祈使句的结构及用法

导语：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是我整理的英语祈使句的结构及用法，欢迎参考!

祈使句的结构

1) 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。

Take this seat.

Do be careful.

否定结构：

Don't move.

Don't be late.

2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。

Let 的反意疑问句

a. Let's 包括说话者

Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

b.Let us 不包括说话者

Let us have another try，will you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定结构：

Let's not talk of that matter.

Let us not talk of that matter.

如何引用祈使句

祈使句如要引用，多使用一个不定式，前面的谓语形式根据语气决定。如：

“Wake him up,” she said.

→She told me to wake him up.

“See a neurologist,” the doctor said.

→The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.

“Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.

→The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.

“Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.

→Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.

■能跟这种结构的动词有：

advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order

persuade remind teach tell urge warn

祈使句的分类及例句

1.祈使句构成方式：动词原形+其他。如：Please buy some bananas for me.请为我买一些香蕉。

2.祈使句否定形式：在动词原形前+Don't。如：Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。

3.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you/won't you。以let's开头的祈使句的'反意疑问句部分用shall we。以let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用will you/shall we。如：Don't swim here,will you?不要在这游泳，好吗? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?让我们去动物园吧，好吗?

4.let引起的祈使句：肯定形式为Let+sb+动词原形+其他;否定形式为Let+sb+not+动词原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如：Let's join the soccer club.让我们加入足球俱乐部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。

5.禁止祈使句：No+n./ v.ing。如：No smoking!禁止吸烟!

拓展：初中英语祈使句练习题精选

一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Its an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.

2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.

3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.

4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.

5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.

6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.

8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold. 10. Lets _______________ (not, say) anything about it.

二、单项选择

1. The TV is too loud. Please________.

A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it

2. _______ late again, Bill!

A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not

三 、 将下列句子变成感叹句：

1. It is quite a nice present.→_____ _____ nice present!

2. We have fine weather today.→ _____ _____ weather we have today!

3. It’s sunny today.→_____ _____ sunny day it is today!

4. The children are working hard.→ _____ _____ the children are working!

5. She played basketball wonderfully.→ _____ _____ she played basketball!

6. He is good at singing.→_____ _____ he sings!

7. He was doing well in dancing.→ _____ a _____ dancer he was!

8. Tom coughs badly.→_____ _____ _____ cough Tom has!

9. The fish is very lovely.→_____ _____ the fish is!

10. They live a happy life today.→ _____ _____ _____ life they live!

四、 将下列句子变成祈使句：

11. Would you like to wait a moment?→_____ _____ a moment.

12. Can I use your bike?→Please _____ _____ your bike.

13. You’d better not smoke here.→_____ _____ here.

14. You must be careful with your handwriting. _____ _____ with your handwriting.

15. Will you please not play with my pencil? →____ ____ with my pencil,____.

英语祈使句的用法如下：

1、祈使句的概念

表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。

2、祈使句表示强调

为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。

3、祈使句的否定式

构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加don't——不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动词，情况都是一样。

4、祈使句与连用please

为了使祈使句的语气变得委婉，我们可以在祈使句的句首或句末加上please——若加在句首，其后不用逗号；若加在句末，则通常会在please前加一个逗号。

5、祈使句的时间概念

祈使句所表示的时间总是指将来，所以与它连用的句子原则上要用将来时态来与它呼应。

6、祈使句的省略

一般说来，祈使句总是要以动词原形开头，但是，在某些特殊情况下，我们可以只用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义。