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Generally speaking a Code is something which must be adhered to, but a Standard is a guide, or target to be aimed at.
A Standard can be defined as a set of technical definitions and guidelines that function as instructions for designers, manufacturers, operators, or users of equipment.
A standard becomes a Code when it has been adopted by one or more **al bodies and is enforceable by law, or when it has been incorporated into a business contract. Code, by definition a comprehensive collection of laws which when validated by some authorized body/ ** becomes a mandate. While Specification is a unit or company specific requirement. A company may follow the code-requirements in totality or may add some stipulated requirements over and above the code requirements. Thus code requirements are universal in nature while specification requirements are entirely at the discretion of the company.
综上,code和standard都是标准,但code>standard,非要区分,或许叫:code法规,standard标准。平时看到很多都是同时用:codes and standardsspecification (特定业主特定项目或产品的)技术要求(数据表格中无法说清的要求,会注明采用哪些codes and standards)其实中文翻译为“标准、准则、规范”等类似含义的英文词很多,如Code、criteria、standard、specifications、rule、practices、regulation。讨论讨论有助于同时出现时的区分,也不无益处