高级英语1原文

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二十二日星期天早晨，我一醒来便接到了希特勒入侵苏联的消 息。这就使原先意料中的事变成了无可怀疑的事实。我完全清楚我们 对此应该承担何种义务，采取何种政策。我也完全清楚该如何就此事 发表声明。尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。于是，我吩 咐有关部门立即发表通告，我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。不一会 儿，匆匆从伦敦赶到的迪尔将军走进我的卧室，为我带来了详细情报。 德国人已大规模入侵苏联，苏联空军部队有很大一部分飞机都没来得 及起飞便遭到德军的突袭。德军目前似乎正以凌厉的攻势极为迅猛地 向前推进。这位皇家军队总参谋长报告完毕后又补了一句，“我估计 他们将会大批地被包围。” 一整天我都在写讲稿，根本没有时间去找战时内阁进行磋商，也 没有必要这样做。我知道我们大家在这个问题上的立场是完全一致 的。艾登先生、比弗布鲁克勋爵，还有斯塔福德•克里普斯爵士—— 他是十号离开莫斯科回国的——那天也同我在一起。 那个周末值班的是我的私人秘书科维尔先生。由他执笔记述的下 面这段关于那个星期天里切克尔斯首相官邸发生的情况的文字，也许 值得一提： “六月二十一日，星期六。晚饭前我来到切克尔斯首相官邸。怀 南特夫妇、艾登夫妇和爱德华•布里奇斯等几位均在那儿。晚饭席上， 邱吉尔先生说，德国人人侵苏联已是必然无疑的了。他认为希特勒是 想指望博取英美两国的资本家和右冀势力的同情和支持。不过，希特 勒的如意算盘打错了。我们英国将会全力以赴援助苏联。维南特表示 美国也会采取同样的态度。 晚饭后，当我同邱吉尔先生在槌球场上散步时，他又一次谈到了 这一话题。我当时问他，对于他这个头号反共大将来说，这种态度是 否意味着改变自己的政治立场。„绝非如此。我现在的目标只有一个， 即消灭希特勒。这使我的生活单纯多了。假使希特勒入侵地狱，我至 少会在下议院替魔鬼说几句好话的。‟ 次日清晨四点钟，我被电话铃惊醒，原来是外交部来的电话，内 容是报告德国已开始进攻俄国的消息。首相一向吩咐，只有当英国遭 到入侵时才可以叫醒他。因此，我等到八点钟才向他报告这一消息。 他听完消息后只说了一句话：„通知英国广播电台，我今晚九点要发 表广播讲话。‟他从上午十一点开始撰写讲稿，中间除与斯塔福德．克 里普斯爵士、克兰伯恩勋爵和比弗布鲁克勋爵共进午餐外，这一天的 全部时间都花在写讲稿上了……讲稿直到九点差二十分才写好。” 在这次广播讲话中，我说道： “纳粹政体除了贪欲和种族统治外，它没有任何指导思想和行动 准则。它在残酷压迫和疯狂侵略过程中所犯下的滔天罪行在人类历史 上可谓空前绝后。此刻我眼前看到的是俄国的士兵昂然挺立于自己的 国土，英勇地捍卫着他们祖祖辈辈自古以来一直辛勤耕耘着的土地。 我看到他们正在守卫着自己的家园，在那里母亲和妻子正在向上帝祈 祷——是啊，任何人都总有祈祷的时候——祈求上帝保佑她们的亲人 的平安，并保佑她们的壮劳力、她们的勇士和保护者凯旋归来。我看 见成千上万的俄国村庄，那儿的人们虽然要靠在土地上辛勤耕作才能 勉强维持生计，却依然能够享受到天伦之乐，那儿的姑娘在欢笑，儿 童在嬉戏。我看到这一切正面临着凶暴的袭击，正杀气腾腾地扑向他 们的是纳粹的战争机器同它的那些全副武装、刀剑当当有声、皮靴咚 咚作响的普鲁士军官以及它的那些奸诈无比、刚刚帮它征服并奴役了 十多个国家的帮凶爪牙。我还看到那些呆头呆脑、训练有素、既驯服 听话又凶残野蛮的德国士兵像一群蝗虫般地向前蠕动着。我看见天空 中那些屡遭英军痛击、余悸未消的德国轰炸机和战斗机此时正庆幸终 于找到他们以为是无力反抗、可手到即擒的猎物。 “在这些刀光剑影、腥风血雨的场面背后，我看到 一小撮恶棍在那里策划、组织，并犯下了这惨绝人寰 的滔天罪行…… “我不得不在此宣布大英帝国政府的决定——我 相信大英帝国各自治领对这一决定会适时地表示一 致赞同——因为我们必须立即表明自己的态度，一天 也不应拖延。我必须发表正式宣言，难道还会有人不 清楚我们将会采取何种政策吗?我们只有一个目标， 一个唯一的、不可改变的目标——我们决心消灭希特 勒及纳粹政权的一切痕迹。无论什么都不能使我们离 开这一目标。我们决不妥协，我们绝不与希特勒及其 帮凶谈判议和。我们将对他实施地面打击，我们将对 他实施海上打击，我们将对他实施空中打击，直到在 主的帮助下，将他的魔影从地球上消除，将纳粹统治 下的人民从他所设的枷锁中解放出来。任何坚持同纳 粹集团作战的个人和国家都将得到我们的援助，任何 与希特勒同流合污的个人和国家都是我们的敌 人……这就是我们的政策，这就是我们的宣言。因此， 我们将竭尽全力援助俄国政府和俄国人民。我们还将 呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟国与我们同心协力，坚定不 移地战斗到底…… “这绝不是一场阶级战争，而是一场大英帝国和 英联邦共同参加的、不分种族、宗教信仰或政党派别 的全民战争。至于美国方面的行动，我无权代作宣言， 但我要声明一点：如果希特勒认为他对苏维埃俄国的 进攻会使那些决心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家稍稍转 移目标或松懈斗志的话，那他就大错特错了。恰恰相 反，我们将会更加坚强、更加勇敢地为将人类从他的 暴政下解救出来而奋斗，我们将加强而不是削弱自己 的决心和力量。 “那些让自己遭到各个击破的国家和政府，当初 若是采取联合一致的行动，本来是可以使自己和全世 界免遭这场劫难的。现在当然不是对他们的愚蠢行为 发表评论的时候。但在几分钟前，当我谈到希特勒受 其嗜血成性、邪恶贪婪的驱使或引诱，贸然发动了这 次对俄国的侵略冒险时，我还说过在他的疯狂行为的 背后隐藏着一个深谋远虑的动机。他之所以想摧毁俄 国，乃是因为他期望着一旦这一行动顺利得手，他便 可以将其陆、空军主力从东线调回，投入对英伦三岛 的进攻。他清楚地知道，他必须征服英国，否则，他 将因其犯下的种种罪行而受到惩罚。入侵俄国的行动 只不过是他蓄谋已久的对英伦三岛的入侵行动的序 幕而已。毫无疑问，他期望这一切能在冬季到来之前 全部完成，期望在美国的海空军来不及插手干预之前 即能征服大不列颠。他期望能以空前的规模再度重演 他长期以来赖以发迹的将敌手各个击破的故伎，然后 便可以腾出场地来演出最后的一幕——将整个西半 球置于他的控制和统治之下。他知道，如果做不到这 一点，他的全部战果都将化为泡影。 “由此可知，俄国现在所面临的危险就是我们自 己的危险，同样也是美国的危险；俄国人民保家卫国 的事业就是全世界一切自由的人民和自由的民族的 事业。让我们从过去的残酷的历史经验中汲取教训 吧。让我们趁着生命未息、力量尚存之时，加倍努力， 团结奋斗吧。”

I will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yester day afternoon. A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house.Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners, homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her.You've no doubt seen those TV shows where the child who has "made it" is confronted, as a surprise, by her own mother and father, tottering in weakly from backstage. (A Pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?) On TV mother and child embrace and smile into each other's face. Sometimes the mother and father weep, the child wraps them in her arms and leans across the table to tell how she would not have made it without their help. I have seen these programs.Sometimes I dream a dream in which Dee and I are suddenly brought together on a TV program of this sort. Out of a cark and soft-seated limousine I am ushered into a bright room filled with many people. There I meet a smiling, gray, sporty man like Johnny Carson who shakes my hand and tells me what a fine girl I have. Then we are on the stage and Dee is embracing me with tear s in her eyes. She pins on my dress a large orchid, even though she has told me once that she thinks or chides are tacky flowers.In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open tire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill be-fore nightfall. But of course all this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pan-cake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Car – son has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.But that is a mistake. I know even before I wake up. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. Dee, though. She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature."How do I look, Mama?" Maggie says, showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there, almost hidden by the door."Come out into the yard," I say.Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps a dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? That is the way my Maggie walks. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground.Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure. She's a woman now, though sometimes I forget. How long ago was it that the other house burned? Ten, twelve years? Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. Her eyes seemed stretched open, blazed open by the flames reflect-ed in them. And Dee. I see her standing off under the sweet gum tree she used to dig gum out of; a look at concentration on her face as she watched the last dingy gray board of the house tall in toward the red-hot brick chimney. Why don't you do a dance around the ashes? I'd wanted to ask her. She had hated the house that much.I used to think she hated Maggie, too. But that was before we raised the money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school. She used to read to us without pity, forcing words, lies, other folks' habits, whole lives upon us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. Pressed us to her with the serious way she read, to shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand.Dee wanted nice things. A yellow organdy dress to wear to her graduation from high school; black pumps to match a green suit she'd made from an old suit somebody gave me. She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. Her eyelids would not flicker for minutes at a time. Often I fought off the temptation to shake her. At sixteen she had a style of her own' and knew what style was.

习题全解 I . 1)Germany attacked Russia on an enormous front by air on Sunday, June 22. 2)He was not surprised at the news, because he had thought that the Germans would attack the Soviet Union. 3)Because he had only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, who he thought was the worst in the world. 4) The policy that Churchill declared Britain would pursue was to destroy Hitler and wipe off every single trace of the Nazi regime. 5)According to Churchill, Hitler's invasion of Russia served as the first step for his invasion of Britain, thus controlling of the Western Hemisphere.Ⅱ . 1)Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism. 2)Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude. 3)In this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events. 4)I will not take back a single word of what I have said about Communism. 5) I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss. 6) We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources. 7)Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.IV. 1 ) anti-Communist 反共产主义的（人）； antichrist反对基督（教）的（人） Here "anti-"means "against", "hostile to", "opposed to". Other examples, anti-Japanese, anticolonial, anti-party, anti-imperialist, anti-fascist, anti-apartheid, antidraft, antislavery, anti-Smith. 2) antibacterial抗细菌的，抗菌物； antifreeze 防冻剂 In these two cases, "anti-"means "preventing', "curing', "neutralizing" or "reducing". Other examples : antiknock, antitoxin, anti-pollution, anti-malarial, antifriction, anti-icer. 3)antiaircraft 防空的 anti-ballistic missile反弹道导弹 Here "anti-"has the meaning of "counteracting", "operating against "or "resisting". Other examples: antitank, antipersecution, antitrust, antigas, antisubmarine, antidote, antimagnetic. 4 )antithesis （修辞学中的）对句，对话，偶句； antihero （小说，戏剧中）不按传统性主角品格塑造的主角 Here "anti-"means "opposite", "reverse". Other examples : antimatter, antipole, antiparticle, antineutron, antiphrasis, antipode, antinovel.V. 1)He was almost at the end of his powers when… 2)-"his reputation is uncertain. 3)He completely ignored… 4)People who are in a vulnerable position should not attack others. 5)This may teach the young man not to take foolish risks. 6)"'brought him great success. 7)The pupils took the teacher as their example. 8)...an enormous pile of letters.Ⅵ. 1)Whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was riot bowing down in the House of Rimmon :whether he was not renouncing his previous attitude towards Communism; whether he was not changing his position since he had all along been opposed to Communism. 2)I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes: I think the Red armymen will be surrounded and captured in surprisingly large numbers. 3)The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination: Here "appetite" is used metaphorically, meaning strong German desire for conquest. 4)Still smarting from many a British whipping: Here "whipping" is used metaphorically, meaning counterattack. 5)rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke: Here both "shadow" and "yoke" are used metaphorically, the former meaning the very strong power or influence (of Hitler) and the latter meaning control.Ⅶ. 1)as cool as cucumber 2)fact and fantasy 3)He came back sound and safe. 4)She sang a song. 5) Next to health, heart and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.Ⅷ. Parallel structure : 1)We will never parley We will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang 2)We shall fight him by land We shall fight him by sea We shall fight him in the air 3)behind all this glare behind all this storm I see'" 4)1 see the Russian soldiers standing'" I see them guarding... I see the ten thousand villages... I see advancing upon... I see also the dull… I see the German bombers… I see that small group… 5)that is our policy and that is our declaration 6)We shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and resources. 7)Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions… Repetition : 1)We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. 2)He has so long thrived and prospered. 3)We will never parley, we will never negotiate...IX. the Nazi war machine, a swarm of crawling locusts, small group of villainous men, his shadow, his yoke, his tyranny, Hitler's blood-lust and the hateful appetitesX. 1)preparing, writing down 2)very fast and violently 3)obtaining, getting 4)returned 5)spent...on it 6)frontiers 7)ancient time 8)evil 9)agree 10)hold talks with our enemy ll)religious belief; faith 12)sadly, deplorably 13) great and sudden disasterXI. 1)This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area. 2)He was counting on their support. 3)I don't remember his exact words, but I'm sure he did say something to that effect. 4)Churchill said, "Tell Stalin that Britain has but one desire --to crush Hitler. 5)Only 9% of the population in that country remains illiterate. 6)This leaves them no choice but to rely on his efforts. 7)The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception. 8)They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack. 9)Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory. 10)It is clear that German fascists were trying to put the people in that region under their domination.XII. 1)turn 2)turned...into 3)turn 4)turned to 5) turned…into 6 ) turning… to 7 ) turn … on 8) turned down 9 ) turned out 10)turned out 11)turn upXIII.(6) (1) (4) (7) (3) (2) (5)XIV. Omitted.XV. The Nazi regime is the most wicked in the world. Now, it is invading U. S. S. R. , and the Russian soldiers are doing their best to safeguard their country. This is a crucial point. I have to declare the policy we should follow. Our policy is to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. Therefore, we must make every effort to fight together with those who fight Hitler and his supporters. We must unite all our friends and allies in every part of the world to fight Hitler. Hitler's invasion of Russia is merely a prelude to an invasion of Great Britain, which will lead to his total control over the Western Hemisphere. The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States. If we don't unite, we'll be struck down one by one. Let us make a joint effort to fight the Nazi German.