初中英语固定句型

英语五个基本句式 从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，一般地说，某些动词用在某一句式中，下面笔者把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类,供你参考。 1.S(主） + Vi（不及物动词）（谓） Time flies. 1) S + V + adverbial(状语） Birds sing beautifully. 2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介词短语） He went on holiday. 3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式） We stopped to have a rest. 4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词） I‘ll go swimming. 2. S (主）+ Vt （及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾） We like English. 1) S + VT + N/Pron I like music. I like her. 2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式） I want to help him. 常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。 3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don‘t know what to do. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。 4) S + VT + Gerund I enjoy living here. 常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can‘t help等。 5) S + VT + That-clause I don‘t think (that) he is right. 常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得）, hear（听说）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（当心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see（看出），show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪）。 3. S (主）+ V（谓）（lv)( 系动词）+ P（表） We are Chinese. 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2) 表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。 1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词） He is a boy. This is mine. 2) S + Lv + Adj（形容词） She is beautiful.

初中英语语法5大基本句型如下：

一： S V (主+谓)

二： S V P (主+系+表)

三： S V O (主+谓+宾)

四： S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

五： S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

基本句型 一：S V (主+谓)

这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall,

cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring，live, look, listen, laugh, hurry,

talk, sleep, retire, graduate, die, care, agree, ,jump, fail, wait, succeed,

stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如:

It is raining now. (S V)

初中英语重要句型总结 第一组： 1. It’s time for ... It’s time to do sth. 2. It’s bad for ... 3. It’s good for ... 4. be late for ... 5. What’s wrong with … What’s the matter with ... What’s the trouble with ... 6. There is something wrong with ... 7. be afraid of … be afraid to do sth. 8. neither…nor…. 9. either….or…. 10. both…and… 11. not…at all. 第二组：主语+谓语+宾语 1. help sb. do sth 2. had better do sth. 3. want to do sth. 4. would like to do sth. 5. stop to do sth stop doing sth. 6. begin to do sth. 7. decide to do sth. 8. like to do sth. 9. hope to do sth. 10. do one’s best to do sth. 11. agree to do sth. 12. enjoy doing sth. 13. keep (on) doing sth. 14. finish doing sth. 15. go on doing sth. 16. be busy doing sth. 17. feel like doing sth. 18. practise doing sth. 19. spend time/ money on sth 20. spend time in doing sth. 21. prevent/ stop sb. from doing sth. 第三组：主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物) 1. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 2. pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 3. show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. 4. bring sb. sth.= bring sth. to sb. 5. tell sb. sth. 6. teach sb. sth. 7. buy sb. sth.=buy sth for sb. 8. lend sb. sth=lend sth to sb. 9. help sb. do sth. help sb. with sth. 10. teach sb. to do sth. 第四组：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 1. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 2. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 3. would like sb. to do sth. 4. keep sb. +形容词 5. keep sb. doing sth. 6. let sb. (not) do sth. 7. make sb. (not) do sth. 8. have sth. done 9. see/ hear/ watch sb. do sth. 10. see/ hear/ watch sb. doing sth. 第五组：It 作形式主语 1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 2. It is +（important, necessary, difficult, possible, polite…）for sb. to do sth. 第六组：复合句 时间状语从句： 1. not …..until+时间状语从句 2. as soon as +时间状语从句 比较状语从句： 1. …as+形容词或词原级+as…. 2. …not as/ so+形容词或副词原级+as… 结果状语从句： …so +形容词或副词的原级+that引导的结果状语从句 相关句型：…too+形容词或副词原级+to do sth. 宾语从句： 1. I don’t think that… 2. We hope/ make sure that… 3. I wonder if… 让步状语从句： 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料… 2．listen to…听…… 3．welcome to…欢迎到…… 4．say hello to …向……问好 5．speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A．动词（vt.）+副词 1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B．动词（vi）+副词。 1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家 4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games [介词短语聚焦] “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。 2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。 6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。 7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。 8．at + 时刻表示钟点。 9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。 10．of短语表示所属关系。 11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。 12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。 [重点句型大回放] 1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…， 2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。 4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。 5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换. 7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。 8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。 9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作， 10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式， 11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。 12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。 [重点短语快速复习] 1.kinds of 各种各样的 2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是…… 3. neither…nor…既不……也不…… 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶 5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因……而著名 8. on ones'way to在……途中 9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院 10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时 13. make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去 14. just then 正在那时 15. first of all 首先，第一 16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路 18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗 19. get on 上车 20. get off 下车 21. stand in line 站队 22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室 23. at the head of……在……的前头 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 乱丢，抛散 26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温 31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛 33. as soon as… 一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡 37. again and again再三地，反复地 38. wake up 醒来，叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查 41. take exercise运动 42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事 43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时 45. out of从……向外 46. all by oneself 独立，单独 47. lots of=a lot of 许多 48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再 49. get back 回来，取回 50. sooner or later迟早 51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光，吃完 53. run after 追赶 54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物 55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顾，照料 56. think of 考虑到，想起 57. keep a diary 坚持写日记 58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 59. harder and harder 越来越厉害 60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等） 61. turn off 关 2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。 3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。 [搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人 nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事 2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害 6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。 [用法] warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。 [搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句 2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事 4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事 常用动词短语 1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on 2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one’s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule make it make into make…out of… make up make of make from make a call 3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine take up 4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out go over go against go without go on a picnic go through 5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of 6.put: put on put forward put off put out put up put on weight put away put down 7.play: play an important part in play an important role in play football play the piano 8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out keep one’s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing keep on doing keep order 9.give: give away give out give off give up give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid 10.come: come about come across come on come out come to oneself come true come up 11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along 12.break: break down break out break away from break up break into break off break in 13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on turn up turn out to… 14.look: look out look up look down upon look after look at look for look around look over look as if look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on 15.do: do sb a favour do up do one’s hair do a good deed do wrong 1.弄清词语自身结构用法学生做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文含义，简单对照。这样就造成了许多中文正确,而英语结构上的错误。如“允许某人干某事”，allow sb to do sth，而不可用做agree sb to do sth.“同意干某事”说allow doing sth.而agree却应为agree to do sth.再如:“希望某人去干某事”expect sb to do sth.不可说为hopesbtodosth.“建议某人去干某事”,说advise sb to do.就不可说是suggest sb to do sth.这是根据动词自身的基本用法而决定的。这些更需要学习中不断积累。 下面是一些常用动词的不同结构用法： A.以下动词与不定式连用即afford to do sth .afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen, help, hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wish B.以下动词与动名词连用即admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,can’t help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss, order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest