insurgent英文

如同汉字的偏旁部首，词根是英语单词的重要组成部分，熟悉英语词根，在记忆单词的时候可以举一反三。EM-,EN-,IM-,IN-in,upon进入,在上 字首 em,en,im,in 是英文重要的构词成分.共有四种拼法,em 与 en 源自希腊文的副词与介系词,im 与 in 来自拉丁文的介系词,有 in,within,upon 之意. 所接的字根第一个音,若是 p,b,m 三个双唇音之一,则拼作 em 或 im,以双唇音接双唇音,方便发音,如 embargo n. [禁止入港],empirical a. [经验上的],impart v. [传授,告知] 等字均是. 字根的第一个音若不在双唇音之列,则拼成 en 或 in,如enamor v. [迷住],incise v. [切开,雕]等等.embargo 禁止入港,禁止,阻碍embark 乘船; 从事,著手embarrass 使困窘,使局促不安embed 嵌入,深植embellish 美化,装饰emblem 象徵,徽章embody 具体表现,编入embrace 拥抱,包含,接受embroil 使混乱empathy 共感,神入emphasize 强调empirical 实验上的employ 雇用,利用,使用empower 授权与enact 演出enamor 迷住encase 纳入套内,纳入箱内enchant 使迷住,迷惑enclave 被包领土enclose 围绕encompass 包围encounter 邂逅,遭遇encourage 鼓励,激励encroach 侵占,侵入endeavor 努力endemic 某地特有的endorse 背书; 赞同endow 赋与endure 忍受,忍耐,持久energy 精力,活力enfold 围绕,笼罩,包封enforce 加强,力劝,迫使engage 从事,忙於engender 酿成,产生engrave 刻,铭记(於心)enhance 增加,提高enjoin 命令,禁止enjoy 欢喜,享受enlist 服役,从军enrage 激怒,使暴怒enrapture 使狂喜enrich 使丰富,充实,装饰enroll 入学,登记,入伍enshrine 奉祀於庙堂中,奉为神圣enshroud 覆盖,遮蔽enslave 奴役ensnare 诱入陷阱ensure 保证entangle 使困惑,使陷入enthrall 迷住entice 吸引,引诱entitle 给与名称,使有资格,使有权利entrance 使出神,使神魂颠倒entreat 恳求entrench 挖壕沟以保护,确立entrust 交托envelop 包围,围绕environment 环境environs 周围,郊外envisage 想像,设想envision 拟想(未来)envoy 使者imbibe 吸收,饮immanent 内在的immerse 浸入,埋首热衷於immigrate 移居入境impair 损害,减少impale 以尖物刺住,围起impart 传递,给与,告诉impeach 非难,指责,检举impede 阻碍impel 驱使,逼迫imperil 危及,使陷於危机impetuous 冲动,猛烈的impetus 原动力,冲力,刺激impinge 冲击,打击implant 灌输,注入implement 工具,器具; 实现,完成implicate 牵连,暗示implicit 暗示,隐含的implore 恳求import 输入; 输入品impose 课(税),强使imposing 仪表堂堂,宏伟的impound 关於栏内,扣留imprecate 诅咒impress 铭刻,压印,盖印; 印入记忆,使感动imprint 印刻,盖印於; 不可磨灭的影响impromptu 即席,毫无准备地,立刻的improve 增进,改善impulse 灵感,动机,刺激inborn 天生的incarcerate 监禁,下狱incarnate 使具体化,使化身incense 使发怒incentive 诱因,刺激,动机incaption 开始incident 附带的事物,事件incipient 刚开始,初期的incise 刻,雕incisive 敏锐,尖刻的incite 鼓动,引起incline 倾,倾斜; 倾向,性近,爱好include 包含,包括incorporate 编入,合并,具体表现increase 增加,增大incriminate 控告incubate 熟虑,深思,筹策inculpate 归罪,控告incur 招致indebted 负债的indent 留凹痕於indicate 指示,显示induce 引起infatuate 使(人)迷恋infer 推断出,推知,暗示infiltrate 渗入,浸透inflame 使动怒,激怒inflate 使胀大,使得意inflect 转向,改变inflict 使痛苦,施加 (伤害等)influence 影响(力),权势influx 涌到,流入infringe 侵犯,违背infuriate 激怒infuse 灌输,鼓舞ingenious 有发明天才,灵敏的ingenuous 坦白,老实,诚朴的ingrained 根深蒂固,深染的ingredient 要素,组成分子ingress 进入inhabit 居住,栖息於inhale 吸入inherent 固有的inherit 继承inhibit 抑制initial 初期,最初的initiate 发起,开始inject 加入injunction 训令,命令,禁令inlet 湾,海口innate 固有,生来的inner 内部,内在的innovation 革新之处,革新inquire 探究,调查inquisitive 好管闲事,好问,好奇的inroad 袭击inscribe 刻铭inseminate 播种,使受精insert 插入insight 洞察力,洞察insist 坚持inspect 检查,审查inspire 启发,鼓舞install 安置instance 实例,例证instant 即溶,立刻的instigate 鼓动,煽动instill 灌输institute 创立,制定,著手instruct 下命令於,通知instrument 工具,器械instrumental 有帮助的insult 侮辱,对...无礼insurgent 叛徒,起事者intense 强烈,激烈的intend 意欲,计划intoxicate 使陶醉,使兴奋intricate 复杂的intrigue 吸引,激起兴趣,使困惑; 阴谋intrude 打扰,侵袭intuition 直觉知识,直觉inundation 狂流,洪水inure 使惯於invade 侵犯inveigle 诱骗,诱惑invent 发明,虚构inventory 目录,存货invest 投资,赋与invigorate 鼓舞,使强壮,使充满生气invoke 恳求involve 使陷於,牵累,影响inward 内部,心灵,内心的inwards 向内,向内部地 TopEPI-upon,toward在上,朝向 字首 epi 源自希腊文副词与介系词 epi,在希腊文即为重要的字首,组成的单字非常多,但在英文里却不多. epi 的拼法也可变化为 ep,一般视后接的字根第一个音而定:字根第一个音若是母音或 h 子音,拼作ep,否则一律拼作 epi. 例如epoch n. [新纪元] (希腊文 epoche),及 ephemeral a. [短暂的] (希腊文ephemeros) 均如此.ephemeral 的名词为 ephemera,有 [朝生暮死] 的意思,照字首字根推断,ep 为upon,hemera 为 day,upon a day[生命只在朝夕之间],即知生命十分短促了. ephemeral 短暂的epidemic 流行,传染性的epigram 隽语,短而机智之妙语epilogue 结尾,收场白episode 插曲epistle 书信epitaph 墓志铭体的诗文,墓志铭epithet 附加於人名后之描述词epitome 典型,缩影epoch 纪元,时期,时代 TopFORE-before在前 fore 源自古英文中的副词 fore. 英文土产的字首字根不多,这是其中比较重要的一个.这个字首除了 fore之外,偶尔也拼作 for,如 forward [向前]. for 除了有before 的用法外,尚有 [分离,除外] 的意思,如:forbid v. [禁止],forgo v. [放弃],forlorn a. [孤独,无助的],forswear v.[革除,放弃] 等都是字首为for的一些参考单字. aforementioned 前述的aforesaid 前述,上述的fore 前面,在前部的forebear 祖先forebode 预示,预言forecast 预测,预见,先见之明foredoom 事先注定forefather 祖先forefront 最重要的地方,最前锋之位置foregoing 前面,前述的foregone 过去,先前的foreground 最引人注意之地位foreknow 预知foreman 工头,领班foremost 首要,第一的forerunner 前锋,先驱foresee 预知foreshadow 预示,预兆foresight 远见,先见之明forestall 预先阻止foretell 预测forethought 预谋,预筹forewarn 预先警告foreword 序,前言,引言forward 前面,前方的; 向前; 提升,促进 TopINTER-between,among居中 字首 inter 源自拉丁文介系词 inter,原已有 between,among 的意思. 像interdict v. [禁止],interest n. [兴趣,权益] 等字是比较特别的. interdict 出自拉丁文 interdicere,dicere 本为动词 [说话] 之意,加上 inter,由 [以言语插入] 转为 [判决],再变成现代英文 [禁止].interest 出自拉丁文 interesse,字根部分的 esse 为拉丁文 be 动词,原义为 [在其中],后又引申出 [互异],[参与],[利害相关] 等字义. esse 的第三人称单数现在式形态为 est,因此 interesse 拼法成为 interest. interaction 交相影响,交互作用intercede 说项,调停intercept 中途拦截,中途逮捕interchange 交换,交替intercourse 交际,交通interdict 禁止interest 兴趣,关心; 利益; 使感兴趣interfere 干涉,干预interim 中间时期,过渡时期interior 内部,内在的interject 插入interlace 使组合,使交织interlude 间隔的时间,插曲intermediary 中间的intermediate 中间的intermingle 混合,搀杂intermission 休息时间,中断intermittent 间歇,断续的internal 内在,内部的international 国际的interplay 相互影响,交互作用interpolate 添进,插入字句interpose 置於中间,插入,仲裁interrogate 讯问,质问interrupt 打断,妨碍intersect 相交,贯穿intersperse 散置,点缀interstice 裂缝,空隙intertwine 交缠,纠缠interval 间隔时间,间隔intervene 插入,干扰 TopMAL-bad恶劣 mal 源自拉丁文形容词 malus 和副词 male,原义为 bad. 例如: malediction n. [诅咒],malefactor n.,malevolent a. [恶毒,幸灾乐祸的],便是由 male 转变而成,其他字则拼作 mal. 有部分出自法文,如拉丁文的 male habitus [病态,身体不适],法文即为 maladie n. [疾病],因为古法文亦源自拉丁文,接著进入英文,逐渐拼成现今的 malady n. [疾病]. malaise n. [身体微恙] 也是如此: 字根部分的 aise 为法文名词,相当於英文的 ease 或 comfort. maladjusted 失调,不能适应环境的maladroit 笨拙的malady 疾病malaise 不适,不舒服malcontent 反抗,不满的malediction 诅咒malefactor 作恶者,罪犯malevolent 恶毒,恶意的malfeasance 渎职,恶行malform 使畸形malfunction 故障malice 怨恨,恶意malicious 怀恶意的malign 怨恨,怀恶意,邪恶的malignant 有害,恶毒的malnourished 营养不足的malnutrition 营养不足maltreat 虐待 TopMON-,MONO-one独一 字首 mon,mono 出自希腊文形容词 monos,原意为 [单独,唯一]. 字根部分第一个音如果是母音,拼作mon; 如果是子音,则拼作 mono. 如 monastery n. [修道院],源自希腊文的 monasterion [独居],后经拉丁文的 monasterium 结合中古英文,出现monastery 的拼法. 由 mon,mono 组成的单字较难,例如: monochrome n. [单色画法],monocle n. [单眼镜],monocracy n.[独裁政治],monogamy n. [一夫一妻制],monolingual a. [仅谙一种语言的],monotheism n. [一神教] 等. monarch 王,君主,帝王monarchy 君主政体monastery 修道院monograph 专文,专论monolog(ue) 独白monopoly 独占,垄断monotonous 单调,因单调令人厌烦的monotony 单调,令人厌烦的单调 TopOB-toward,against,over相对,反对,全面 字首 ob 源自拉丁文介系词 ob,原本即有toward,against,over 之意. 除了ob 的拼法之外,尚有 oc,of,op 与 o 的形态. 字根部分的第一个字母为 c,f,p 时,则拼成oc,of,op,如 occult a. [玄奥的],offend v. [冒犯,触怒],opportune a.[适合的] 等. o 的形态则仅在 omit v.[省略] 一字中可见到. 事实上,omit 来自拉丁文 omittere v. [遗弃,放松],英文本有 omit 和 obmit 两种写法,由於 b,m 两个子音均是双唇音,极容易同化成一个音,obmit 遭到淘汰,只剩 omit 了. obdurate 冷酷,无情,执拗的obey 服从,遵奉,顺从obfuscate 使模糊,使迷乱object 反对; 物体,物件; 目标,目的objective 目标,目的objurgate 痛骂,严责obligation 义务,职责obligatory 强制的oblige 强制,使受束缚oblique 不直接,斜的,间接,迂曲的obliterate 消灭,擦掉oblong 长方形的obnoxious 可憎,令人讨厌的obscene 淫秽,猥亵的obscure 昏暗的; 幽僻,微贱的; 隐藏observe 看到,发觉; 遵守obsess 使心神困扰obsolete 过时,已废的obstacle 障碍obstinate 固执,不屈服的obstruct 妨碍obtain 获得obtrude 闯入obtruse 钝,愚钝,迟钝的occasion 时机,场合,特殊之大事occult 深奥,难解的occupy 占据occur 发生offend 触怒,伤...感情offensive 攻击offer 提供omit 遗漏opponent 对手,敌手opportune 合时宜的opportunity 机会oppose 反对,对抗,使相对opposite 相反,反对的; 相反的人或物oppress 压迫,压制 TopPARA-beside,beyond并列,超越 para 源自希腊文副词与介系词 para,为beside,near,beyond 之意. 在希腊文亦为字首,下面的例字均由希腊文借入英文. 例如: parabola n. [抛物线],parallax n.[视差],parallelogram n. [平行四边形],paramilitary a. [辅助军队的],paranoian. [偏执狂],parasite n. [寄生虫] 等.para 除了有 beside,beyond 之意,尚有[防避] 的意义. 拉丁文动词 parare [准备],法文转成字首 para,有 [防避] 之意.因此,加字根 sol [太阳], [防避太阳]便成了 parasol n. [阳伞]; 加字根 chute[降落],[降落的防避装置] 便成了parachute n. [降落伞],又由 parachute衍生出 paratroops n. [空降部队],paratrooper n. [伞兵] 等字. parable 寓言,譬语paradigm 模范paradox 充满矛盾的人或物,矛盾的话paragon 模范,典型paragraph 段,节parallel 相同,相似的; 相似之物,相同之物paralyze 使无能力paraphrase 解述意义,意译 TopPER-throught,throughly穿过,完全 字首 per 源自拉丁文介系词 per,有through,throughtout 之意. 在拉丁文亦为字首,如 percolate v. [过滤] 出自拉丁文 percolare,perennial a. [永久的] 出自 perennis,perforate v. [穿凿] 出自perforare 等均是. 而 perspire v.,字根spir 为 [呼吸孔],与字首 per 组合成 [透过呼吸],最后转成了 [流汗]. 上古拉丁文的 perspirare 本仅有 breathe,blowconstantly 的字义,后来英文引申为 [透过细孔而成气体] 或 [蒸发],最后又转成[流汗] 的意思. per 也可引申成 awayentirely,to destruction [消灭,破坏],不过这种用法组成的单字不多,有peremptory a. [断然的,专横的],perfidyn. [背叛],perish v. [降低,死],perverse a. [乖张,固执的],pervert v.[误解] 等字. perceive 感觉percolate 过滤,渗出percussion 敲打perdurable 持久,不朽的peremptory 绝对,强制的perennial 永久的perfect 无缺点,全然的; 改进,完成perfidy 背信,不义perforate 穿孔,凿孔perfunctory 敷衍,表面,不关心的perish 腐坏,死permanent 固定不变,永久的permeate 弥漫,充满,渗透permit 允许,许可pernicious 有害的perpendicular 成直角,垂直的perpetrate 为(非),犯(罪)perpetual 永久,终身的perplex 使困惑,使迷惑persecute 迫害,烦扰persevere 坚持,坚忍persist 坚持,持久perspective 正确眼光,景色perspicacious 明察,颖悟的perspicuous 明白,明显的perspire 流汗persuade 说服,使相信pertain 属於,适於pertinacious 执拗,固执的pertinent 适当,有关的perturb 使心烦意乱,扰乱peruse 读,阅读pervade 弥漫,遍布perverse 倔强,刚愎的pervert 败坏,引入邪路 TopPOST-after,behind在后 post 源自拉丁文副词与介系词 post,原意为 after,behind. 拉丁文中的谚语名句Post proelium,paremiun (After the battle,the reward.),其中便有 post一字作 after 的用法. post 组成的单字比较罕见,例如: postbellum a. [战后的],postdate v. [日期迟填],postern n. [后门],postgraduate n.[研究生],postlude n. [后奏曲],postprandial a. [餐后的]等等. posterior 时间上在后,较迟的posterity 子孙,后裔posthumous 死后的post-mortem 死后的postpone 延期,延搁postscript 附加的资料,附录postwar 战后的 TopPRE-before在前 字首 pre 源自拉丁文副词与介系词 prae,原意为 before. 如 preach v. [说教] 原拉丁文作 praedicare,字根 dic 有 [说话] 的意思,后转变成 preach 的拼法,是受古法文的影响. predicament n. [困境] 字根 dic 也是 [说话],在拉丁文有 [规定范畴] 之意,目前英文已不常用. 后来逐渐演变成 [事先断定却无法达成] 的意思,最后成为现代习用的 [困境]. 如pretend v. [假装] 来自拉丁文praetendere [向前展开,托故推辞],字根 tend 有 stretch [伸展]的意思,[伸展姿态] 就演变成 [假装] 了. preach 宣讲,倡导precaution 预防,防备precede 高於,优於precedent 前例,先例precept 教训,箴言precinct 区域,区,范围precipitate 催促其发生,加速precipitous 陡峭的precise 精确,正确的preclude 使不能,妨碍,阻止precocious 早熟,过早的precursor 先驱,前辈predecessor 前任,祖先predicament 困境predict 预测,预知predispose 使倾向於,使偏向於predominant 支配,优势的predominate 支配,占优势preeminent 卓越,超群的preface 开端,序言prefer 较喜欢prejudice 偏见,成见preliminary 序言,预备,在前的prelude 序曲,序言premature 太早的premium 额外费用,报酬,奖金premonition 预先警告,预兆preoccupy 盘据(心头),使凝神於preponderate 重量超过,占优势preposterous 荒谬,反理性的prerequistite 必备之事物prerogative 特权presage 预示,预兆prescince 预知,先见prescribe 规定,命令presence 存在,仪容present 出席,在场的; 现在的; 提出,呈递presentiment 预感preserve 保藏,保存,保持preside 主持,管理presume 假定,推测presumptuous 自大,傲慢的presuppose 假定,推测pretend 假装pretentious 矫饰,傲慢的pretext 藉口prevail 盛行,流行,占优势prevalent 流行,盛行的prevent 阻止,妨碍previous 先前,在前的 TopPRO-,PUR-forward,before向前,在前 字首 pro,pur 源出希腊文副词与介系词pro,和拉丁文介系词 pro,为forward,before 之意. pur 出自古法文,组成的单字很少. 如:profane a. [不敬的,世俗的],源自拉丁文 profanus,字根 fan 有 [庙宇] 的意思 [拉丁文作 fanum n.m.],原指[在庙前],也作 [在庙外],庙外自然是俗人,即为 [世俗] 之意. prohibit v. [禁止] 拉丁文作 prohibere,字根 hib 有have 的意思 (拉丁文 habere),原义为hold before,接著引申为keep away,最后成为 [制止,禁止]. prostitute n. [妓女]源出拉丁文 prostituere v. [置於前],字根 stitute 有 stand 的意思,接著prostituere 引申成为 [使抛头露面],而至於 [卖淫],英文 prostitute 便逐渐有了 [妓女] 的意思. portend 预示,预兆portentous 奇特,不祥的portray 画像,描绘proceed 继续,进行porcess 进行,过程proclaim 正式宣称proclivity 倾向,癖性procreate 制造,生产procure 取得prodigal 挥霍,奢侈,浪费的produce 产生,制造,引起profane 世俗的profess 伪称,声称profession 职业proffer 提供,提出proficient 精通,熟谙的profile 侧面像,轮廓profligate 恣意,放荡的profound 深深感觉,极深,奥妙的profuse 浪费的progenitor 起源,祖先,前辈progeny 子孙,后代prognosis 病状之预断prognosticate 预测,预言program 节目,计画,节目单progress 进步,改进prohibit 禁止project 投影於; 设计,计画prolix 冗长的prologue 开场白,序言prolong 延长prominent 显著的promiscuous 各式各样,杂乱的promise 答应,允诺promote 擢升,促进prompt 迅速,立刻的; 驱使,激起promulgate 颁布,公布pronounce 断言,宣称,清楚地发音propel 推动,驱使propensity 倾向prophecy 预言prophesy 预言propitiate 使息怒,抚慰propitious 慈悲,有利,吉利的proportion 比例,均衡propose 提议proposition 意见,提议propound 提出propulsion 推进proscribe 禁止prosecute 进行,实行; 告发,控告,起诉prospect 希望,展望,景色prospective 预期的prosper 旺盛,兴隆prostitute 娼妓prostrate 俯卧,卧倒,使衰弱protect 保护protest 反对,抗议protract 延长protrude 伸出,突出proverb 格言provide 供给provident 顾念将来,节约的providential 幸运的provisional 临时的provoke 刺激,引起purport 声称purpose 用意,目的pursue 追捕,追逐 TopRE-back,again反向,再次 re 是英文最常见的字首,源自拉丁文字首re-,有 back 或 again 之意. 这个字首组成的英文单字,有部分借自拉丁文,部分受法文影响,甚至还有土产的英文. re 在拉丁文发展初期,另可拼成 red,后接字根的第一个音若是母音或 h 子音,便用 red,否则一律拼作 re. 英文中的 red 型态仍出现在少数单字上,如 redeem v. [赎回,弥补],redound v. [增加],redundant a.[冗长的,过剩的] 等. relish n. [美味]原出自古法文名词reles,为 [剩馀物] 之意,后来指吃过的食物口颊仍然留香,而引申为 [美味] ! react 反应rebate 减价rebel 反叛; 反抗者,叛徒rebound 弹回rebuke 叱责,指责rebut 反驳,证明为伪recalcitrant 顽强反抗,不服从的recall 忆起recant 取消,撤回recapitulate 简述要旨recede 后退receive 接到,接受recess 深幽处; 休会期,休假期reciprocal 相互,交互的recite 背诵,详述reclaim 纠正改正拯救recline 斜倚,横卧,依赖recluse 隐士,遁士者recognize 认得,认出,注意recoil 退却,退缩recollect 忆起recommend 推荐,劝告reconcile 使一致,使和谐,使满足recondite 深奥,难解的reconnaissance 侦察,勘察recover 复得,恢复; 使痊愈,使复元recreation 消遣,娱乐recruit 招募(新兵)recumbent 横卧,斜倚的recuperate 恢复(健康)recur 再发生,重现redeem 偿还,救赎,补偿redound 增加,有助於,促成redress 匡正,补救reduce 减低,减少redundant 很多,过剩的refer 指示,相关refine 使文雅,精美,使纯,改进refined 文雅,高尚,精确的reflect 反映,照出; 考虑,思考reform 改革,改造,改进refrain 抑制,禁止refresh 使恢复疲劳,使提起精神refuge 安全,保护refurbish 刷新,整修refuse 拒绝refute 反驳,驳斥regale 款待regard 视为,当作; 敬重; 关於regenerate 使重获新生,使改过自新rehabilitate 精神重建,恢复rehash 旧事新弹,改成新形式rehearse 预演,演习,详述reimburse 偿还,退款,补偿reinforce 加强reinstate 使恢复reiterate 反复地说,反复地做reject 拒绝,不受,丢弃rejuvenate 使返老还童,使充满活力relapse 复发,故态复萌 relate 使有关系,叙述,说relax 放松,松懈,放宽release 释放relent 变温和relevant 有关,中肯的relic 遗物,纪念物relieve 减轻relinquish 放弃relish 美味; 爱好,喜好relocate 徙置於另一地方relucatant 不愿,勉强的rely 依赖remain 继续,停留,居住remark 短语,注意remarkable 出众,显著,不平常的remember 记得,忆起remind 使想起,使忆起reminiscence 令人回忆的事物,回忆remit 缓和,减轻; 汇寄remnant 遗迹,残馀remonstrate 规劝,抗议remorse 懊悔remote 遥远,隐蔽的remove 脱去,迁移,开除renaissance 复兴,复活renegade 叛徒renew 再始,恢复,更新renounce 放弃,否认renovate 修理,更新renown 名声,名望renowned 著名的repair 修理,修补,改正repast 餐repatriate 遣返,归国repeal 撤消,废止repeat 重说,再述repel 逐退,拒绝,驱逐repent 懊悔replace 接替,代替replenish 再加满,补充replete 充满,充分供应的replica 复制品,复制reply 答覆,反应report 叙述,公布repose 休息,睡眠reprehend 谴责,申斥represent 表示,代表repress 抑制,镇压reprieve 缓刑reprimand 申斥reprisal 报复,报复之行为reproach 责备,申斥reprobate 拒绝reproduce 复制,仿造reprove 责骂,谴责repugnant 令人厌弃的repulse 使厌恶,拒绝,逐退repute 美名,名声,高位request 需要,要求require 需要,要求requisite 需要,必要的requite 回报,报酬,报复rescind 撤销,废除rescue 解救research 研究,调查resemble 相似resent 厌恶,憎恶reserve 储备,保留residual 残馀,剩馀的residue 渣滓,剩馀resign 放弃,顺从resilient 有弹力,有弹性的resist 抵抗,对抗resolute 坚决,果断的resolve 决心; 分解,解决resonant 回响,宏亮的resort 诉诸; 手段,凭藉; 常去之处resound 充满声音,回响resource 资源,富源;(应变的)手段,权宜之计respect 尊敬respite 休息,中止resplendent 华丽,辉煌的respond 回答responsible 负责任的restitution 赔偿restore 恢复,重建restrain 抑制,约束

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exhaustedexhilaratedexiledexoneratedexorcisedexoticexpansiveexpectantexperiencedexperimentalexploitativeexploitedexplosiveexposedexpressiveexpungedextraordinaryextravagantextricatedextrovertedexuberantexultantEmmerlinged: A new word I made up when Rob Emmerling was trying to discredit me in April 2005. I would define it as "being misrepresented by someone who feels threatened by you in an attempt to discredit you so as to protect that person's own interests."Ffabulousfacetiousfactiousfailful *faintfaintheartedfairfaithfulfakefallenfalliblefallowfalsefalselyfalsely accusedfalteringfamishedfamousfanaticalfancifulfantabulousfantasizingfantasticfarcicalfascinatedfascinatingfascinationfashionablefastfastidious fatalisticfatheredfatherlessfatiguedfatuousfavoredfawnedfawned overfawningfearfearedfearfulfearlessfed upfeeblefeelingfeistyfelicitousfemininefermentingferociousferventfestivefetteredficklefidgetyfiendishfiercefieryfilthy finefinickyfinishedfiredfirmfirstfirst-classfirst-ratefitfixatedflabbergastedflagellatedflakyflamboyantflammableflappableflatflatteredflawedfledglingfleecedflexibleflightyflippantflipped-outflirtatiousflooredflounderingflourishingflush 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who指的是从掩体中开火的人，也就是反叛军。they say是插入语，不影响意思，不影响后面单词的形式。插入语基本没什么重大作用。第二句有动词，rocket在这里不是名词火箭，而是动词，意思是像火箭那样冲入天空。

rebels, riots, mobs

你所说的是词缀而不是英语中的词根。给你举几个例子你就知道了，如-spect(to see) inspect =in-(into) +spect(to see)深入察看，调查expect=e-out+x（s）pect（see）（向外看）期待等等我大字速度太慢了没心打了。你可以买一本刘毅出版的英文字跟词典一看就知。市一本极易单词的好书。

who指的是insurgents，而they say 你可以把它当作插入语，第二句里的谓语动词时rockets,rocket 可以用作动词，有用火箭运载；飞速上升；猛涨的意思