医学英语文章短篇

当今,由于人类社会的发展,生活节奏的加快,对于中年人群体老年疾病提前到来。中年人由于疾病的缠身,生活质量的下降等原因,给家庭和社会带来了很大的负面影响。下面是我带来的医学类英语 文章 ，欢迎阅读!

医学类英语文章1

指甲油、发胶或增加糖尿病风险

Chemicals commonly found in beauty products such as nail polishes, hair sprays andperfumesmay increase risk of diabetes for some women, new research suggests.

Chemicals commonly found in beauty products such as nail polishes, hair sprays andperfumesmay increase risk of diabetes for some women, new research suggests.

Researchers analyzed urine samples from 2,350 women who participated in the long-runningNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative sampleof Americanwomen. They were looking for concentrations of chemicals known as phthalates,which are oftenfound in personal care products and in adhesives, electronics, products used tomanufacture cars, toys, packaging and even some coatings for medications.

Phthalates are considered "endocrine-disrupting" because they can alter normal regulationofcertain mechanisms in the body, including hormone regulation, and have been tied inpreviousresearch to diabetes and obesity risk, Dr. Kenneth Spaeth, director of theOccupational andEnvironmental Medicine Center's department of population health at NorthShore UniversityHospital in Manhasset, N.Y., told HealthPop. He was not involved in the study.

The researchers found that women with the highest concentrations of two types of phthalates -mono-benzyl phthalate and mono-isobutyl phthalate - were nearly two times more likely tohavediabetes compared to women with the least amounts of these chemicals. Women withmoderatelyhigh levels of the phthalates mono-n-butyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalatewere 70 percent more likely to have diabetes compared to their counterparts.

The findings were published in Environmental Health Perspectives, a journal published bythegovernment's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.

"This is an important first step in exploring the connection between phthalates and diabetes,"saidDr. Tamara James-Todd, a researcher in women's health at Brigham and Women's HospitalinBoston, said in a press release. The researchers could not prove that phthalates causeddiabetes orhaving diabetes increased concentrations of the chemicals in a person's body.

"We know that in addition to being present in personal care products, phthalates also existincertain types of medical devices and medication that is used to treat diabetes and this couldalsoexplain the higher level of phthalates in diabetic women," she added. "So overall, moreresearch isneeded."

One of the problems is that chemicals like phthalates are practically unavoidable, accordingtoSpaeth.

"These chemicals are unfortunately ubiquitous," Spaeth explained. "It's pretty clear fromstudiesthat we're exposed all day long to these various household or personal care products."

Spaeth says it's a real challenge to reduce phthalate exposure because sometimes thechemical is ametabolic byproduct of another ingredient or a product label may not say itcontains phthalatesonly for phthalates to be found in the packaging the product came in, whichdoes not need to bementioned on a product label.

"It's really hard to make informed decisions about these kinds of things," he said. "Maybe we'llgetto a point when the health effects are more widely recognized, that there will be incentivetochange how products are made and packaged."

However Spaeth did say research has shown phthalates can find their way into householddustand people sometimes ingest them that way, so simple steps like frequent vaccuming anddusting, or washing your hands regularly before eating may decrease risk.

医学类英语文章2

西方快餐与亚洲人患心脏病风险存在联系

Even relatively clean-living Singaporeans who regularly eat burgers, fries and other staplesof U.S.-style fast food are at a raised risk of diabetes and more likely than their peers to die ofheart disease, according to an international study.

at a raised risk of diabetes：提高患糖尿病的风险

But Asian fast foods, such as noodles or dumplings, did not bear the same risk, the studypublished in the journal Circulation said.

bear the same risk：承受同样的风险

the journal Circulation：《循环》杂志

With globalization, U.S.-style fast food has become commonplacein East and SoutheastAsia. The study looked at more than 60,000 Singaporeans of Chinese descent.

"Many cultures welcome (Western fast food) because it's a sign they're developing theireconomics," said Andrew Odegaard, from the University of Minnesota School of Public Health,who led the study.

the University of Minnesota School of Public Health：明尼苏达大学的公共卫生学院

"But while it may be desirable from a cultural standpoint, from a health perspective theremay be a cost," he told Reuters Health.

a cultural standpoint： 文化 角度

The study participants were interviewed in the 1990s, then followed for about a decade.

Participants were between 45 and 74 years old at the outset. During the study period, 1,397 died of cardiac causes and 2,252 developed type 2 diabetes.

died of cardiaccauses：死于心脏病

Those who ate fast food two or more times a week had 27 percent greater odds ofdiabetes and 56 percent higher risk of cardiac death than those who ate little or no fast food,the researchers found.

greater odds of：更大的几率

Among 811 subjects who ate Western-style fast food four or more times a week, the riskof cardiac death rose by 80 percent.

Western-style fast food：西式快餐

The findings held even after the researchers adjusted for other factors that could influencehealth, including age, sex, weight, smoking status and education level.

In fact, the Singaporeans who ate Western fast food often were more likely to be younger,educated and physically active, and were less likely to smoke, than those who stuck to a moretraditional diet.

physically active：体力活动

Odegaard's team found that Eastern fast foods, such as dim sum, noodles and dumplings,were not associated with more cases of type 2 diabetes and cardiac deaths.

dim sum：中式点心

be not associated with:与……无关

"It wasn't their own snacks that was putting them at increased risk, but American-style fastfood," he said.

The profile of the fast food eaters differs markedly from that of the average fast foodconsumer in the United States, he added, with eating fast food in countries like Singapore astatus symbol and a way of "participating in American culture".

a status symbol：身份象征

The findings hold serious implications for recently developed and emerging countries, saidSara Bleich, an assistant professor of health policy at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of PublicHealth in Baltimore.

hold serious implications for：对……有严重影响

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health：约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院

"The big multinational fast food companies are increasingly looking to maximize profitoutside the United States, and they're looking to emerging economies like Singapore to dothat," she said. "So at the global level, the health implications are very strong."

maximize profit：追求利润最大化

emerging economies：新兴市场国家

医学类英语文章3

胖子的 记忆力 思考力下降快

Fatter people are more likely to lose their memories and brain power quicker than thosewho are thinner, according to British research.

据英国某一研究，相比瘦子，胖子的记忆力和脑力下降得更快。

Those who are obese, and have other health problems such as high blood pressure andhigh cholesterol, lose their memory and thinking skills almost a quarter faster, foundresearchers at University College London.

英国伦敦大学学院的一份研究表明，那些患有如高血压高胆固醇等健康问题的胖子和那些一般的胖子，比起瘦子来说，他们的记忆力和脑力下降速度要快四分之一。

Their study was based on almost 6,500 Whitehall civil servants, whose health wasmonitored between the ages of 50 and 60.

这份研究以将近6,500名年龄在50岁到60岁之间的白厅(英国)公务员的健康状况为研究对象。

They were weighed and measured, their blood pressure and cholesterol levels were taken,and they were also asked what medication they were taking.

研究人员对他们称了体重，做了测量，记录了他们的血压和胆固醇含量，同时还了解了他们目前在做哪些药物治疗。

In addition, they were asked to perform mental tests three times during the decade,which were used to assess memory and other cognitiveskills.

此外，研究对象在这十年时间里还要参加三次智力测验，这些测验结果将作为评估记忆和 其它 认知技能的依据。

Of the 6,401 civil servants in the study, nine per cent (582) were obese. Of those, 350 werealso classed as “metabolicallyabnormal”- meaning they had two additional risk factors such ashigh blood pressure, high cholesterol, were taking medication for either condition, or werediabetic.

在参与这项研究的6,401名国家公务员中，9%(即582人)是胖子。有350人的新陈代谢存在异常现象，这也意味着他们将面临双重危险，高血压和高胆固醇。他们需要服用治疗高血压和高胆固醇的药物。除此以外还有糖尿病患者。

The researchers found the obese tended to lose their mental powers faster than theirthinner colleagues, while those who also had additional conditions lost their memory andthinking skills fastest of all.

研究人员发现胖子比起他们的瘦子同事更容易失去大脑思考能力，而这个人群中最容易失忆和失去思考能力的是这些还有其它健康问题的胖子。

The latter group experienced a 22.5 percent faster decline on their cognitive test scoresover the decade than those who were healthy.

比起健康的胖子，后一组研究对象(指还有其它健康问题的胖子)在过去的十年时间里在认知测试中得分下降高达22.5%。

Archana Singh-Manoux, of the Paris research institute Inserm, who contributed to thestudy, said their results indicated the idea that people could be obese but still healthy wasflawed.

巴黎研究机构Inserm的辛格-曼诺(Archana Singh-Manoux)负责这项研究。他说，他们的研究结果表明胖子是健康的这一看法是站不脚的。

Shirley Cramer, chief executive of Alzheimer’s Research UK, said: “We do not yet know whyobesity and metabolic abnormality are linked to poorer brain performance, but with obesitylevels on the rise, it will be important to delvea little deeper into this association.

英国老年痴呆症研究所的主管雪莉·克莱默(Shirley Cramer)说：“目前我们还不知道为什么肥胖与新陈代谢异常这两方面会和脑力衰弱有联系。但是随着肥胖程度的增加，进一步深入探究它们之间的关联将变得很重要。”

“While the study itself focuses on cognitive decline, previous research suggests that ahealthy diet, regular exercise, not smoking and controlling blood pressure and cholesterol inmidlife can also help stave off dementia."

“虽然这项研究本身关注的是认知能力的减弱，但先前的研究表明在中年时期，健康的饮食、定期锻炼、不吸烟、控制血压和胆固醇等有助于减缓痴呆症的产生。”

国内的医学类学术期刊上有中英对照的论文摘要，整篇论文的好象没有见过．其实我也有类似需要，还请高人指点． 医学英语不同于普通英语，其特点就是专业术语多，从词源学来看，其显著特点就是拉丁语和希腊语占极高的比率，其词源差不多来源于希腊语和罗马语，其次是正式语的使用，如医学英语中用frequently而不用often，用purchase代替buy，用approximately而不用about等，在笔者教学中发现,医学英语遇到的首要困难就是记忆单词，仅病名就超过3万个，而且每年要添1 500个新医学术语，要准确记忆医学英语中的词汇就要掌握医学词汇构成，医学词汇构成包括：前缀（prefix）、后缀(suffix)、词干(wood root)和结合形(combination form )，这些词素大多不能独立存在，但它们可以相互依从，共同存在于词汇中，由词缀、词干或结合形构成一个复合词，例如：endocarditis(心内膜炎)是由词头endo（在内，内部）+词干cardi（心）+词尾itis（炎）三部分组成的复合词，每一部分代表一定的意义，医学英语单词构成主要有以下几种形式：前缀+词根，如Hypertension(高血压)〔hyper(过度、超过)+tension(张力)〕，hemiplegia(偏瘫)〔hemi(单侧)+plegia(瘫痪)〕；词根+后缀，如Cardiograph(心动描计议)〔cardio(心)+graph(描计议、图像)〕；前缀+词根+后缀，如Introgasrtic（入胃的）〔intro(入内、向内)+gastro(胃)+ic(……的)〕；结合形，如cytotoxin（细胞毒素）〔cyto(细胞)+toxin(毒素)〕。培养学生分析不仅可以巩固他们新学过的知识，而且还可以使记忆更简单，更方便。 另外，医学英语中存在着大量缩写，认知语言学认为语言产生于实践，越不熟悉的语言信息，语言符号越多，反之，越熟悉的语言信息，语言符号越少，语言越经济。如：首字母缩写法：如MCV(mean corpuscular volume)平均红细胞容积，HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)人类艾滋病病毒；缩写词：保留开头几个字母：polio(poliomyelitis)脊髓灰质炎，保留中间几个字母：flu(influenza)流感；缩略词：如Hb(hemoglobin)血红蛋白，Ht/Hct/Crit(hematocrit)红细胞比容。利用医学英语构词法特点进行记忆为学习者提供了一个有效学习记忆的科学方法和快速扩大医学词汇量的捷径。 另外记忆词汇相当有效的方法是联想记忆法，联想反映客观事物之间的联系，它在促进人的记忆、想象、思维等心理活动中占有重要地位，如：Cardiovascular System联想到与此系统有关的词汇：heart ，blood vessel，atrium，interventricular，capillary，aorta，valve等等。 3.2 阅读策略 阅读能力是医学生大学外语水平一个极其重要的组成部分，被公认为是学生获得知识的一种基本手段，要解决阅读方面问题，笔者认为有以下几个方面：母语的干扰，大多数医学生阅读时，先将英语译成汉语，然后经母语去理解所读的内容，这是学生经常犯的毛病，首先要充分认识这样做的危害性，另外要做大量的快速阅读训练，这样学生就逐渐地与英语建立起直接联系；慢读与快读相结合，学生要克服读读、停停、写写等不良阅读习惯，了解一门知识，应总体把握信息内容，这与我们学习基础英语有很大区别，注意提高阅读速度，集中精力很好把握文章内容。；阅读中使用工具书的问题，在阅读时尽量少使用工具书，给学生选较易或较短的文章开始入手，教师的主要任务是了解学生水平，选择合适的教材，辅助学习，介绍阅读方法，进行讲评和指导；采用多种形式，提高学生阅读兴趣，可以由医学英语专业学生牵头举办英语角，强制学生每周至少参加一次英语角活动，同时教师可以为参加活动同学准备有关话题，促使学生进行课外阅读，有兴趣的同学可以利用因特网查阅资料，扩展视野。 总之，对于医学专业学生来说，医学专业英语日趋重要，在全球经济一体化的今天，国力的竞争实质上是科技与人才的竞争，医学生除具备扎实的医学基本功外，提高医学生的外语多种能力，是医学高等教育的重要任务，正如刘润清教授所说“将来的英语学习不再是单纯的英语学习，将来的英语教学将越来越多的与某方面的专业知识或某一个学科结合起来〔3〕”。