青藏高原英文版

The Qing-Tibet Plateau has long been known as the natural geological museum. the golden key to the global orogenic mechanism, the natural laboratory for the continental dynamics theory, and the pulser of the global changes, which is the important source region and the competition field deriving new theories, knowledge and discoveries.Numerous orogenic belts were developed in the middle and western parts of China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the most distinctive, with rich and varied geological phenomena. The eastern margin of the Plateau lies in the significant position of the Chinese tectonic units, which is located in the transition zone between the mantle depression in the southern region (the Qinghai-Tibet region) of west part of China and the deep structure of the middle part, and in the eastern section of the Helansan—Longmenshan steep-change belt which passes obliquely through the margin. The northwestern region of this zone is characterized by the thick Crust as well as the thick Mantle, and the southeastern, by the thin Crust as well as the thin Mantle of the Sichuan basin. Distinguished nonuniformities occur both in the vertical and horizontal lithosphere. A number of deep faults were developed in the zone, of which the Longmenshan lithospheric fault and the Xianshuihe fault belts are the most important. In the regional geology, the complete tectonic pattern is composed of five units, from the northwest towards the southeast:(1) The Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt.(2) The Xianshuihe fault belt.(3) The Longmenshan thrust belt.(4) The foreland basin.(5) The foreland upwarp. The Xianshuihe fault belt, the Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt, the Longmenshan thrust belt, and the foreland basin are the regional units unique to the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and are the treasure of geoscience.It is not only the typical region to study the geodynamic processes between the Plateau and the periphery basins (the basin motivity), but the key position to verify if the Plateau is derived from the crustal thickening or from the extrusion by the sinistral rotation to absorb the northward diapirism of the Indian continent after the collision between Indian and Asian continents; it is also the critical region to conduct investigations into the change in climate, hydrographic net, and ecological environment of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The margin spans the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Longmenshan mid-high mountain, and the piedmont alluvial plain, which covers the relatively developed economic region (including Pengzhou City, Dujiangyan City, and Yaan Prefecture) of the Chengdu Plain, and the underdeveloped region of the Aba and the Ganzi Tibetan autonomous prefectures. There are gaps between the two regions in economics, natural form, traffic, and human geography. During the recent years, a number of overseas geoscientists from USA (MIT, CIT etc), UK, France, Swithzerland, Australia, Japan, and Germany took field trips to the region and were involved in some research projects to varying extent .

Tibetan Plateau简称Tibet

Qingzang Gaoyuan) is a vast, elevated plateau in Central Asia[1][2][3][4] covering most of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province in China and Ladakh in Kashmir, India. It occupies an area of around 1,000 by 2,500 kilometers, and has an average elevation of over 4,500 meters. Sometimes called "the roof of the world," it is the highest and biggest plateau, with an area of 2.5 million square kilometers (about four times the size of Texas or France).[5]The plateau is bordered to the northwest by the Kunlun Range which separates it from the Tarim Basin, and to the northeast by the Qilian Range which separates the plateau from the Hexi Corridor and Gobi Desert. Near the south the plateau is transected by the Yarlung Tsangpo River valley which flows along the base of the Himalayas, and by the vast Indo-Gangetic Plain. To the east and southeast the plateau gives way to the forested gorge and ridge geography of the mountainous headwaters of the Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze rivers in western Sichuan and southwest Qinghai. In the west it is embraced by the curve of the rugged Karakoram range of northern Kashmir.It has been empirically shown to be the most remote place on Earth.[7]The Tibetan plateau has been an important strategic area throughout Chinese history. NASA satellite image of the southern area of Tibetan PlateauThe plateau is a high-altitude arid steppe interspersed with mountain ranges and large brackish lakes. Annual precipitation ranges from 100 mm to 300 mm and falls mainly as hailstorms. The southern and eastern edges of the steppe have grasslands which can sustainably support populations of nomadic herdsmen, although frost occurs for six months of the year. Permafrost occurs over extensive parts of the plateau. Proceeding to the north and northwest, the plateau becomes progressively higher, colder and drier, until reaching the remote Changthang region in the northwestern part of the plateau. Here the average altitude exceeds 5,000 meters (16,500 feet) and year-round temperatures average −4 °C, dipping to −40 °C in winter. As a result of this extremely inhospitable environment, the Changthang region (together with the adjoining Kekexili region) is the least populated region in Asia, and the third least populated area in the world after Antarctica and northern Greenland.2青藏高原 青藏高原位于中国西南部，面积约230万平方千米，平均海拔4,000米以上，被称为“世界屋脊”，是中国的第一大高原。 青藏高原是典型的山地型高原。主要有阿尔金山、祁连山、昆仑山、喀喇昆仑山、唐古拉山、冈底斯山、念青唐古拉山、横断山脉以及喜马拉雅山等高大山脉。世界最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰就是喜马拉雅山的主峰。 青藏高原气温低，雪山连绵，形成了大面积的高山冰川，被称为“固体水库”。冰雪融水不仅是亚洲许多著名大河的源流，也是中国内陆干旱地区重要的灌溉水源。 青藏高原是中国重要的天然牧场，高原上的草并不高，但因光照充足，光合作用旺盛，营养价值极高。每年夏秋季节，草原上牛羊成群，除了放牧的牦牛、藏山羊、藏绵羊和牛外，还有成群的黄羊、羚羊、野牛、野驴等野生动物。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Located in the southwest of China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has an area of about 2.3 million km2 and an average altitude of over 4,000 m. It is honored as the "roof of the world" and is the biggest plateau in China. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a typical mountainous plateau. It mainly comprises Altyn Tagh Mountains, Qilian Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Karakorum Mountains, Tanggula Mountains, Gandise Mountains, Nyaindqentanglha Mountains, Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas. Qomolangma (Mt. Everest) - the highest mountain in the world - is the main peak of the Himalayas. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has low temperature, undulating snow-capped mountains and a large area of glaciers, so it is called a "solid water reservoir". The melted ice and snow is not only the source of many famous rivers in Asia, but also the irrigating source of the inland dry areas in China. The plateau is an important natural pasture in China. The grasses growing there is not tall, but because of the rich sunshine and active photosynthesis, they are very nutritious. Every summer and fall, herds of cows and sheep graze there. Apart from grazing yaks, Tibetan goats, Tibetan sheep and pian niu (offspring of a bull and a female yak), there are herds of Mongolian gazelle, antelopes, wild ox, Asiatic wild ass, and many other wild animals.

The Tibetan Plateau

青藏高原英语是Qinghai-Tibet Plateau。

青藏高原（Qinghai-Tibet Plateau），亚洲内陆高原，是中国最大、世界海拔最高的高原，被称为“世界屋脊”、“第三极”。

南起喜马拉雅山脉南缘，北至昆仑山、阿尔金山脉和祁连山北缘，西部为帕米尔高原和喀喇昆仑山脉，东及东北部与秦岭山脉西段和黄土高原相接，介于北纬26°00′～39°47′，东经73°19′～104°47′之间。

地貌特征：

青藏高原高山大川密布，地势险峻多变，地形复杂，其平均海拔远远超过同纬度周边地区。青藏高原各处高山参差不齐，落差极大，海拔4000米以上的地区占青海全省面积的60.93%。

占西藏全区面积的86.1%。区内有世界第一高峰珠穆朗玛峰（8848.86米），也有海拔仅1503米的金沙江；喜马拉雅山平均海拔在6000米左右。

以上内容参考 百度百科—青藏高原

Qinghai-tibet plateau