1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词,可分为如下两类。 1) 及物动词+宾语例:I love my home. 我爱我家。 He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。 2) 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。 My mother gave me a new pen. 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。提示:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。
2、 不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语,本身意义完整。例:She came last week. 她上周来的。 It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。 Class began at half past seven. 7点半开始上课。 What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事?
3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如:She can dance and sing. 她能 唱歌 又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)
例如: The story sounds true. Those oranges taste good.
三、助动词
协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。 助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,只能在实义动词和系动词前构成谓语的时态、语态以及否定式和疑问式。它没有对应的汉译,例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。 (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义) He is singing. 他在唱歌。(is是助动词,无词义,构成现在进行时)
It can’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 这不可能是校长,他去美国了。
2、can和could表示允许的用法:表示现在的允许时,若是请求别人允许自己做某事,两者均可用,但用could 语气更委婉;若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如: Can [Could] I come in? 我可以进来吗?
3、must和have to的用法 表示必须、必要。(must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些)如: You must come in time. 你必须及时过来。
回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to。 — Must we hand in our exercise books today? — Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.) —我们今天必须交上练习册吗? —是的。(不,不必。)
英语笔记:六年级有范围 the other 两者中的一个(n)one…the other The others 一个范围里的一部分(n) some…the others(a) other+ n (people)(n) others other people, some…some…others…Another +数词+名词 eg: another five chairsreceive…from hear from 收到live 长期居住stay 短期居住before 用在现在完成式ago 用在一般过去式shall not = shan’tLet’s… , shall we?Let sb. doeg: Let him go home?a bit 一点点, a litter, much+ 比较级别 比校级 eg: a bit faster 一点点快a bit 形容词 eg: a bit beautiful 一点点漂亮 动词 eg: a bit run 跑一点点‘d had better (not) do Would like (not) to doOne thousand five hundred and forty-nine 中间不加”and” 中间要加”and”cost-cost-cost sth. cost sb. some money 某物使某人付了一些钱 pay-paid-paid pay some money for sth. 为了某物付了一些钱 spend-spent-spent sb. spend some money (in) doing sth. on sth. take-took-taken It takes sb. some time to do sth. get to 必须加介词 reach + 名词,不用加介词 arrive at + 小地方 eg: arrive at the school in + 大地主 eg: arrive in Beijing get there here 中间不用加”to” take sb./sth. to sp. 带某人/物去某地, 从说话的地主带到别处. Bring sb./sth. to sp. 带某人/物来某地, 离说话的人近, 从别处带到说话的地主方. What day is it doday? Friday What’s the date today? 16 August. 注意区别,简单却容易出错 more than = overbe……to, eg: be kind to / be unkind to / be friendly tosave…from 从……救出…… 一般将来式……if + 一般现在式. eg: I will go to the park if it dosen’t rain tomorrow. 情态动词…… eg: I must go to school if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. modem, slowly, quickly. 都是两音节的, 但它们比较级都是加”more”的. eg: more modem, more slowly, …… come back = return / go back come back from sp.Write sth. to sb. = write sb. sthHave a wonderful time = have a good time = enjoy oneselfBe interested in sth. doing sth.用现在完成式 划线提问用 How long……?主句+ since + 从句(一般过去式)+for + 一段时间 How long……? 1, ……since…… 2,……for…… 3, It takes……talk with/to sb. about sth. 可以互换 healthy(a.) unhealthy (a.) healthier than less healthy than exciting 形容物 eg: The book is exciting. Excited 形容人 eg: Kitty is excited.visit n. a visit to sp. eg: a visit to Beijing. v. visit sp. eg: visit Beijing. leave sth. sp. (in my home) (leave-left-left) leave:遗忘 forget sth. (forget-forgot-forgotten) forget to do 忘记没有做的事(别人提醒) doing 忘记已做过的事 remember to do 记住没有做的事 doing 记住已做过的事 应用looking for find 强调了结果. I am finding a book. Find out 强调找到客观真理,事实,真相 Look for 强调了过程,不知道结果lovely a. n. + ly a. a.+ ly ad. eg: careful (a.)+ ly carefully(ad.)keep……as…… 保留……作为…… (keep-kept-kept) prefer doing sth1 to doing sth2 prefer sth1 to sth2 eg: I prefer apples to bananas. 更喜欢 也喜欢 (prefer-preferred) keep 延续性动词 eg: I have kept this book for a week. borrow 瞬间动词 eg: I borrowed this book a week ago.give sb. sth. give sth. to sb. (give-gave-given) speak (发言) in English. sb. sth. tell sth. to sb. sb. (not) to do sth. say sth. (in English (某种语言)) talk to sb. about sth. with sb. about sth.sometime表示“将来的某个时候” 用在一般将来式 (也表示过去某个时候,但不常用)some time表示“一段时间” 用在现在完成式sometimes表示“有时候” 用在一般现在式 How often……some times表示“几次” 用在现在完成式 danger (n) safety (n) dangerous (a) safe (a)However,…… ……, however, …… …… , but …… =Though …… , …… 这两个不能同时出现在同一个句子中. eg: You got up early this morning, but you were late for school. eg: Though you got up early this morning, you were late for school. this morning 用一般过去式 this afternoon 用一般将来式 I am ill. (be动词+表语, ill 只能做表语) sick 定语/表语 eg: sick animals; He is sick; (sick 也可以表示晕船)in + 一段时间, 必须用将来式. eg: in twenty minutes, in a week…… too……to…… 太……以至于不能…… eg: too expensive for me to buy. 对于我来说太贵了以至于不能买. keep sb./sth. + a.(如:warm / safe) help sb. (not) to do help sb. do let sb. do make sb. do be made to do on one’s way to sp. on one’s way home by the way : 顺便miss-missed-missed , lose-lost-lost , (顺便学一下loose-loosed-loosed , 释放) missing = lost 用”ing”形式做adj. 用动词过去分词做adj. cross (v) …… + (adv) safely, carefully across (prep) walk across the roadsheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese 单复数同形 take careful(a) care(n) of 形容词放在名词之前 take care of carefully 副词放在最后,修饰动词 carefully take care of 副词也可放在动词前set off = set out 出发catch one’s eye 引起某人的注视Where……? At…… “where”提问, 回答一定要有介词. May I speak to……? 想要叫某人来接电话. Who is that? / Is that ……? 问对方是谁. This is …… 介绍自己be made of / from +原材料 in…… + 地点还要吗?