中考英语试题:语音

2015学年中考英语口语考试题目

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英语语音名词解释 1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。 0-01 2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。 例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter ②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。 例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 0-02 3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-03 4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret. ②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-04 5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-05 6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。 例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如： a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor 0-06 7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。 例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion 词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 1-01 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 1-02 e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 1-03 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04 i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06 o 在开音节中 [u] those close go hoe home no 1-07 在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock 1-08 u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09 在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch 1-10 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11 二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 a [] China another woman breakfast 2-01 [i] orange comrade village cabbage 2-02 e [] hundred student open moment 2-03 [i] chicken pocket begin children 2-04 i []/[i] holiday beautiful family animal 2-05 [ai] exercise satellite 2-06 o [] second tonight somebody welcome 2-07 [u] also zero photo 2-08 u [] autumn difficult 2-09 [ju(:)] popular congratulation January 2-10 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 2-11 u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 a在[w]音后面 [] want what watch wash quality 3-01 a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 3-02 i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high 3-03 o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold 3-04 o在m n v th前 [] come monkey love mother 3-05 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 ar ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 4-01 [:] warm quarter towards 4-02 or or在[w]音后面 [:] forty morning short 4-03 [:] word worker worse 4-04 er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 4-05 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry 4-06 -r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 are [ε] care dare hare 5-01 ere [i] here mere 5-02 ire [ai] fire hire wire 5-03 ore [:] more score before 5-04 ure [ju] pure cure 5-05 完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure 非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[r]音，例如：salary 5-06 重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。 例如：parent zero inspiring story during 5-07 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。 例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play 6-01 air [ε] air hair chair pair repair 6-02 al al在f m前 [:] small ball talk wall all 6-03 [:l] always also salt almost 6-04 [α:] half calm 6-05 au/aw [:] autumn daughter draw 6-06 ea [i:] teach easy cheap please 6-07 [e] heavy bread sweater weather 6-08 [ei] break great 6-09 ear [i] hear dear near clear year 6-10 [ε] bear pear wear swear 6-11 [:] earth learn early 6-12 ee [i:] jeep week green three 6-13 eer [i] pioneer deer beer 6-14 ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they 6-15 eu/ew 在 j l r 后 [ju:] new few newspaper 6-16 [u:] flew brew jewelry 6-17 ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize 6-18 oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal 6-19 oar/oor [:] roar board door floor 6-20 oi/oy [i] noise point boy toilet 6-21 oo [u:] broom food tooth school 6-22 [u] book look cook foot good 6-23 ou/ow [au] flower house count down 6-24 [u] know row throw though 6-25 [] young country enough 6-26 [u:] group you soup through 6-27 our [:] course your four 6-28 [au] our hour ours 6-29 [:] journey 6-30 ui ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 6-31 [u:] juice fruit suit 6-32 九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 b [b] bike bus bag 9-01 [/] bomb tomb lamb climb 9-02 c c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music 9-03 [s] face decide cinema 9-04 ch [] much chick rich teacher 9-05 [k] school headache chemistry 9-06 [] machine Chicago 9-07 -ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-08 d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-09 -dge [] bridge fridge 9-10 dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-11 f [f] five four breakfast 9-12 g g在e i/y前 [] bag gardon go 9-13 [] orange large German 9-14 -gh gh- [f] cough enough rough 9-15 [] sorghum spaghetti ghost 9-16 gu- -gue [] guess league dialogue guitar 9-17 [w] language anguish penguin 9-18 h [h] hot head house hand 9-19 [/] hour honest honor 9-20 j [] jeep jar joke join July 9-21 k [k] kind bike skate make week 9-22 kn- [n] knife know knock 9-23 l [l] life milk school tall 9-24 m [m] monkey come tomato 9-25 -mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-26 n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note 9-27 [?] uncle thank hungry 9-28 -ng [?] morning young wrong 9-29 p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 9-30 ph [f] elephant photo telephone 9-31 -q/-que [k] Iraq cheque 9-32 qu- [kw] quality quite quarter 9-33 r [r] red rubber ruler 9-34 s在音节开头或清辅音前 在元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk 9-35 [z] music husband 9-36 sc- [sk] scarlet scout Scotland 9-37 [s] muscle science 9-38 sh [] she fish shirt wash 9-39 t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet 9-40 [] patient nation 9-41 tch [] watch catch match 9-42 th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method 9-43 [ð] the these with than 9-44 [ð] clothe father weather 9-45 tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-46 v [v] very voice love leave 9-47 w [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-48 [/] answer two 9-49 wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why 9-50 [h] who whose whole 9-51 x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise 9-52 [gz] example exist exact 9-53 wr- [r] write wrong wrist 9-54 y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-55 z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-56

跟着大纲走，每天坚持练习，适当的时候求助老师

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a [E]E China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin children i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite o [E] second tonight somebody welcome [Eu] also zero photo u [E] autumn difficult [ju:] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener [C:] warm quarter towards oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short [E:] word worker worse er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are [εE] care dare hare ere [iE] here mere ire [aiE] fire hire wire ore [C:] more score before ure [juE] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [εE] air hair chair pair repair alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all [C:l] always also salt almost [α:] half calm au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great ear [iE] hear dear near clear year [εE] bear pear wear swear [E:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [iE] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school book look cook foot good ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [∧] young country enough [u:] group you soup our [C:] course your four [auE] our hour ours [E:] journey ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [Fn] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen -stle [sl] whistle -sure [VE] pleasure measure -ture [tFE] picture culture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:] 有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜 九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 例 词 b bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema ch [tF] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [F] machine -ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge [dV] bridge fridge dr- [dr] children driver drink f [f] five four breakfast gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go [dV] orange large German gh [f] cough enough [/] light daughter high gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue [^w] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest j [dV] jeep jar joke join July k [k] kind bike skate make week kn- [n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column solemn nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [N] uncle thank hungry -ng [N] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq qu- [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science sh [F] she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [F] patient nation tch [tF] watch th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method [T] the these with than [T] clothe fathe r weather tr- [tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] Answer two wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact wr- [r] write y- [j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zoo