独立主格8种基本句型例句有如下:
1、“名词/代词+不定式”结构
由不定式构成的独立主格 结构往往表示还未发生的动作或状态,在句中常作原因状语,偶尔作条件状语。例如:
His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.他的朋友今晚要来,他正忙着准备晚餐。
No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.如果没人叫醒我,我会错过第一节课的。
2、“名词/代词+现在分词”结构
现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。“独立结构”中的being或 having been有时可以省去,这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。例如:
The man lay there, his hands trembling.那个男子躺在那儿,双手在颤抖。
So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off.那么多学生没到,会议不得不推迟。
His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep.做完作业后,汤姆睡着了。
3、“名词/代词+过去分词”结构
过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。例如:
he boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.男孩仰卧着,双手交叉放在头下。
4、“名词/代词+名词”结构
名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。例如:
Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children.许多人参加了这项工作,其中有些是妇女和儿童。
He fought the tiger,a stick his only weapon.他与老虎搏斗,那是他唯一的武器。
5、“名词/代词+形容词”结构
形容词(短语)说明前面名词或代词的性质,状态,原因等。例如:
The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while.地面很湿,我们只好在外面呆一会儿。
I heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of sorry.我听说她在这场事故中受伤了,心中充满担忧。(形容词,表伴随)。
这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上,就变成了现在分词分句。
6、“逻辑主语+副词”结构
副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。例如:
The meeting over, we all went home.会议结束,我们都回家了。
7、“逻辑主语+介词短语”结构
介词短语说明伴随前面名词或代词的方式或者状态。例如:
The teacher came in, a book under his arm.老师在他的胳膊下夹着一本书进来了。
The hunter entered the forest, gun in hand.那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。
Nobody at home, the thief took a lot of things away.家里很多东西都没人拿走。
8、“with/without”引导的独立主格结构
A woman got on the bus with a baby around her arms.一位妇女抱着一个婴儿上了公共汽车。