英语里面一共有八大种时态,是四个“时”(现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时)与四个“态”(一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式)对应组合而成,如下所示:一般现在时 I do现在进行时 I'm doing现在完成时 I have done现在完成进行时 I have been doing一般过去时 I did过去进行时 I was doing过去完成时 I had done过去完成进行时 I had been doing一般将来时 I will do将来进行时 I will be doing将来完成时 I will have done将来完成进行时 I will have been doing过去将来时 I would do过去将来进行时 I would be doing过去将来完成时 I would have done过去将来完成进行时 I would have been doing
八大时态可以划分为四类:一般时态:一般现在时和一般过去时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语; 表示客观规律和永恒真理等.2.进行时:现在进行时和过去进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气.与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等).3.完成时:现在完成时和过去完成时表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在.4.将来时:一般将来时和过去将来时
always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc.
二、一般过去时:主语+did
基本结构:动词的过去式
基本用法:
1、过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态
2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作
常见时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc.
三、一般将来时:will do/
基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.
基本用法:
1、(人)计划打算做某事
2、(事)即将发生
will/shall do
1、将来的动作和状态(相对较长远)
2、礼貌询问、客气邀请
3、意愿
常见时间状语:tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+时间段(格外注意),etc.
四、现在进行时:主语+am/is/are doing
基本结构:am/is/are+现在分词
基本用法:
1、此时此刻正在进行的动作
2、现阶段正在进行的动作
常见时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
五、过去进行时:was/were doing
基本结构:was/were+现在分词
基本用法:
1、过去某时刻正在进行的动作
2、过去某时段正在进行的动作
常见时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
1. 一般现在时:do 2. 现在进行时:be doing 3. 现在完成时:have done 4. 现在完成进行时:have been doing 5. 一般过去时:done 6. 过去完成时:had done 7. 过去将来时:would/ should do 8. 过去进行时:was/ were doing 9. 一般将来时:shall/will do 10. 将来进行时:will be doing 11. 将来完成时:will have done 12.将来完成进行时:shall have been doing ,will have been doing 13.过去完成进行时:had been doing 14.过去将来进行时:should be doing , would be doing 15.过去将来完成时:should have done , would have done 16.过去将来完成进行时:should have been doing , would have been doing1. Now when the general: do 2. Now when they carried out: be doing 3. Now completed: have done 4. Present Perfect: have been doing 5. In the past when General: done 6. Completed in the past: had done 7. In the past when the future: would / should do 8. In the past tense: was / were doing 9. In the future when General: shall / will do 10. When the future: will be doing 11. Completed in the future: will have done 12. Perfect in the future: shall have been doing, will have been doing 13. In the past Perfect: had been doing 14. In the past when the future: should be doing, would be doing 15. In the past, when completed in the future: should have done, would have done 16. Completed in the past when the future: should have been doing, would have been doing
一般现在时:do(第三人称does)一般过去时:did一般将来时:will/shall do现在进行时:am/is/are doing过去进行时:was/were doing将来进行时:will be doing现在完成时:have/has done过去完成时:had done 现在完成进行时:have/has been doing过去完成进行时:had been doing将来进行时:will be doing