monarch用英文介绍

白金汉宫是英国君主在伦敦的主要寝宫及办公处，坐落于威斯敏斯特。英文介绍如下：

Buckingham Palace，in London，is the official residence and office of the British monarch. Located in the City of Westminster，the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality.

It has been a focus for the British people at times of national rejoicing and crisis.

白金汉宫是英国君主位于伦敦的主要寝宫及办公处。宫殿坐落在西敏市，是国家庆典和王室欢迎礼举行场地之一，也是一处重要的旅游景点。历史上每逢英国欢庆或是危机时刻，这儿也是不列颠人民一处重要的集会场所。

白金汉宫特点：

白金汉宫一共有四层，呈现出正方体的建筑特点，整个皇宫呈灰色，看上去非常的庄严、规矩、气派。整个建筑最能有权利象征的部分就是正门，正门设计的非常气派庄严，在正门的上方还悬挂着象征王室的徽章。整个白金汉宫四周都被围上了栏杆，有着很好的安全系数。

在白金汉宫的前方是一个广场，广场上有很多雕像，每个雕塑都各有特点栩栩如生，而这也是欧洲文化的一种展示和象征。

king好像是联邦邦国的小国王monarch是君主立宪制中的君主，所以权利受到宪法制约最嚣张的是emperor啦，帝王应该是emperor吧

Originally known as Buckingham House, the building at the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site that had been in private ownership for at least 150 years.

今天宫殿的核心建筑最初被称为白金汉宫，是1703年为白金汉宫公爵建造的一座大型联排别墅，位于一处私人拥有至少150年的土地上。

It was acquired by King George III in 1761as a private residence for Queen Charlotte and became known as The Queen's House.

它于1761年被乔治三世国王收购，是夏洛特女王的私人住所，并被称为女王之家。

During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, who constructed three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace became the London residence of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837.

在19世纪，它被扩大了，主要是由建筑师约翰·纳什和爱德华·布洛尔，他们在中央庭院周围建造了三个机翼。1837年维多利亚女王登基时，白金汉宫成为英国君主在伦敦的住所。

扩展资料

1703年至1705年，白金汉公爵在此建造了白金汉屋。

1762年：乔治三世把该住宅买了下来，成为王后的私人宫殿。在随后的75年主要由建筑师约翰·纳西及爱德华·布罗尔（Edward Blore）负责扩建，设计了三翼围绕中央庭院的布局。

1825年：乔治四世聘请著名建筑师约翰·纳西对白金汉府邸进行扩展，并将其改名为白金汉宫。

1837年：维多利亚女王登上王位，皇室由圣詹姆斯宫迁往白金汉宫。这里成为英国王室的正式宫殿。

1851年：对白金汉宫进行扩建，在正面增加了一座建筑。原正面入口处的大理石拱门（Marble Arch）被迁移到海德公园。

1940年：在第二次世界大战期间，白金汉宫遭到德国空军的轰炸，英国国王乔治六世仍然留在宫中，以鼓励国民的抗战勇气。

1992年：温莎城堡发生火灾。为了筹建温莎城堡的修复经费，白金汉宫的主要大厅向公众开放。

参考资料来源：百度百科-白金汉宫

emperor

The Constitutional Monarchy The political system of UK is constitutional monarchy, a system of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State, while the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected parliament. Contrary to absolutism or absolute monarchy where a monarchy rules with total power, the power of the monarch under constitutional monarchy is restrained by a parliament, by law or by custom; as in the United Kingdom the Sovereign reigns but does not rule. The hereditary monarchy is the oldest secular institution of government in the UK, with roots that can be traced back to the Saxons who ruled from the 5th until the Norman Conquest in 1066. In over 1000 years, its continuity has been broken only once by Cromwell’s “Commonwealth”, which lasted from the execution of Charles I to the restoration of Charles II. The origins of the constitutional monarchy, however, go back to the time when the leading nobles of England succeeded in forcing King John to sign the Magna Carta in 1215. Until the end of 17th century, British monarchs were executive monarchs, enjoying the rights to make and pass legislation. The real sense constitutional monarchy started from the Glorious Revolution in 1688 and the subsequent Bill of Rights of 1689, which established basic tenets such as the supremacy of parliament. By the reign of George V, the principle of constitutional monarchy was firmly established in Britain. The constitutional monarchy we know today really developed in the 18th and 19th centuries, as day-to-day power came to be exercised by ministers in Cabinet and by Parliaments by a steadily-widening electorate. In modern Britain, where class and privilege are no longer as important as they used to be, an institution like monarchy might seem obsolete. However, any serious attempt to abolish the monarchy would meet with violent opposition from all sectors of British society. What then is the use of having a Monarch? As a system of government, constitutional monarchy has its strengths. One is that it separates out the ceremonial and official duties of Head of State from party politics. Walter Bagehot, one of the most important Victorian writers on the subject of constitutional monarchy, describes the way in which monarchy symbolize the unity of the national community. “The nation is divided into parties, but the crown is of no party. Its apparent separation from business is that which removes it both from enmities and from desecration, which preserves its mystery, which enables it to combine the affection of conflicting parties...” Besides, from the point of view of political power, according to Bagehot, the main influence of Sovereign is during a political ministry, for Sovereign has three rights: “the right to be consulted, the right to encourage, the right to warn”. A Sovereign would, over the course of a long reign, accumulate far more knowledge and experience than any minister. Even though the Queen could do nothing to alter Cabinet decisions and never refuses her assent to something she disagrees with because she knows this would be unconstitutional, she sometimes has a definite and beneficial influence on the kind of decisions taken. More than this, the constitutional monarchy focus, as a long-established tradition, provides a sense of stability, continuity and a national focus, since the Head of State remains the same even as governments and politicians come and go according to elections won or lost. The Monarch is always there, above party quarrels, representing the nation as a whole, and lending dignity and significance to all things done in her name. The system bridges the discontinuity in times of political and social change. With more than five decades of reading State papers, meeting Heads of State and ambassadors and holding a weekly audience with the Prime Minister, The Queen has an unequalled store of experience upon which successive Prime Ministers have been able to draw. The British Monarchy is the supreme illustration of the way British institutions develop. Violent upheavals are rare. Instead, the existing is slowly modified to suit fresh conditions, until in the end the impossible is achieved—a completely new system which still looks exactly like the old. And the pride of the British is that although it is illogical, it works.译文：君主立宪制英国的政治体制是君主立宪制，即国王或王后担任国家元首的政府制度，而制定和通过立法的能力则由选举产生的议会负责。君主专制统治下的君主专制主义或专制君主政体，君主立宪制下君主的权力受到议会、法律或习俗的制约；在英国，君主统治但不统治。世袭君主制是英国最古老的世俗政体，其根源可追溯到第五至1066年诺尔曼征服的撒克逊人。在1000多年的时间里，克伦威尔的“联邦”一次打破了它的连续性，从查尔斯一世的执行到查理二世的复辟。君主立宪制的渊源，然而，回去的时候，英国的贵族，成功地迫使约翰国王1215签署大宪章。直到十七世纪底，英国君主都是行政君主，享有制定和通过立法的权利。真正意义上的君主立宪制是从1688的光荣革命和后来的《1689权法案》开始的，该法案确立了议会至上等基本原则。乔治五世统治时期，英国确立了君主立宪的原则。我们今天所知道的君主立宪制确实发展于第十八和第十九世纪，因为内阁和议会中的部长们的日常权力由不断扩大的选民行使。在现代英国，阶级和特权不再像过去那么重要了，像君主政体这样的机构似乎过时了。然而，任何废除君主制的严肃企图都会遭到英国社会各阶层的强烈反对。那么，拥有君主又有什么用呢？君主立宪制作为一种政体，有其自身的优势。其一是将国家元首的礼仪和公务从政党政治中分离出来。Walter Bagehot，一个在君主立宪制的主体最重要的维多利亚时代的作家，介绍的方式，王权象征民族共同体的统一。这个国家分为两个党派，但这个国家没有党派。其表观与商业分离，删除它从仇恨和亵渎，保留它的神秘，这使它能够将冲突双方的感情…此外，从政治的角度来看，Bagehot认为，主权的主要影响是政治部期间，主权有三项权利：“商量权，正确的鼓励，警告权”。在漫长的统治过程中，君主会比其他大臣积累更多的知识和经验。即使女王不能改变内阁的决定，也从不拒绝她不同意的东西，因为她知道这是违反宪法的，她有时对所做的决定有明确和有益的影响。更重要的是，君主立宪制作为一个由来已久的传统，提供了一种稳定、连续性和国家重点的意识，因为国家元首仍然是相同的，即使政府和政治家根据选举的胜利或失败而来或去。君主总是站在那里，超越党派纷争，代表整个国家，为她所做的一切事情赋予尊严和意义。在政治和社会变革的时代，这一体系是桥梁的桥梁。拥有超过五年的阅读报纸，国家和大使首脑会议持每周的观众与首相，女王有一个无与伦比的存储经验的历届首相已经能够得出。英国君主政体是英国制度发展的最高例证。暴力剧变是罕见的。相反，现有的慢慢修正以适应新的条件，直到最后不可能取得完全的新系统看起来完全一样。英国人的骄傲是，尽管它不合逻辑，但它确实有效。

谢谢你的关注Monarch butterflies front feet quite degradation, short claw. Vein before 5, often handle. Will turn into after the milk egg white, pale yellow, half spherical. Larvae head bumps, branch thorn somite, abdominal toes hook on the 1 to 3 sequence. Pupa to pupa. Wings have conspicuous orange and black stripes. Life cycle includes four period of egg, larva, pupa and adult and larva cluster life commonly, the larvae feed on milkweed poisonous plants, is a kind of special species food poison in self-defense.

用Emperor或者King

Buckingham Palace has served as the official London residence of Britain's sovereigns since 1837. It evolved from a town house that was owned from the beginning of the eighteenth century by the Dukes of Buckingham. Today it is The Queen's official residence, with 775 rooms. Although in use for the many official events and receptions held by The Queen, areas of Buckingham Palace are opened to visitors on a regular basis. The State Rooms of the Palace are open to visitors during the Annual Summer Opening in August and September. They are lavishly furnished with some of the greatest treasures from the Royal Collection - paintings by Rembrandt, Rubens, Vermeer, Poussin, Canaletto and Claude; sculpture by Canova and Chantrey; exquisite examples of Sèvres porcelain; and some of the finest English and French furniture in the world. HistoryGeorge III bought Buckingham House in 1761 for his wife Queen Charlotte to use as a comfortable family home close to St James's Palace, where many court functions were held. Buckingham House became known as the Queen's House, and 14 of George III's 15 children were born there. In 1762 work began on remodelling the house to the King's requirements, to designs by Sir William Chambers, at a cost of £73,000.George IV, on his accession in 1820, decided to reconstruct the house into a pied-à-terre, using it for the same purpose as his father George III. As work progressed, and as late as the end of 1826, the King had a change of heart. With the assistance of his architect, John Nash, he set about transforming the house into a palace. Parliament agreed to a budget of £150,000, but the King pressed for £450,000 as a more realistic figure.Nash retained the main block but doubled its size by adding a new suite of rooms on the garden side facing west. Faced with mellow Bath stone, the external style reflected the French neo-classical influence favoured by George IV. The remodelled rooms are the State and semi-State Rooms, which remain virtually unchanged since Nash's time.Many of the pieces of furniture and works of art in these rooms were bought or made for Carlton House (George IV's London base when he was Prince of Wales), which was demolished in 1827. The north and south wings of Buckingham House were demolished and rebuilt on a larger scale with a triumphal arch - the Marble Arch - as the centrepiece of an enlarged courtyard, to commemorate the British victories at Trafalgar and Waterloo. By 1829 the costs had escalated to nearly half a million pounds. Nash's extravagance cost him his job, and on the death of George IV in 1830, his younger brother William IV took on Edward Blore to finish the work. The King never moved into the Palace. Indeed, when the Houses of Parliament were destroyed by fire in 1834, the King offered the Palace as a new home for Parliament, but the offer was declined.Queen Victoria was the first sovereign to take up residence in July 1837, just three weeks after her accession, and in June 1838 she was the first British sovereign to leave from Buckingham Palace for a Coronation. Her marriage to Prince Albert in 1840 soon showed up the Palace's shortcomings. A serious problem for the newly married couple was the absence of any nurseries and too few bedrooms for visitors. The only solution was to move the Marble Arch - it now stands at the north-east corner of Hyde Park - and build a fourth wing, thereby creating a quadrangle.Blore, the architect in charge, created the East Front and, thanks largely to his builder, Thomas Cubitt, the costs were reduced from £150,000 to £106,000. The cost of the new wing was largely covered by the sale of George IV's Royal Pavilion at Brighton. Blore added an attic floor to the main block of the Palace and decorated it externally with marble friezes originally intended for Nash's Marble Arch. The work was completed in 1847.By the turn of the century the soft French stone used in Blore's East Front was showing signs of deterioration, largely due to London's notorious soot, and required replacing. In 1913 the decision was taken to reface the façade. Sir Aston Webb, with a number of large public buildings to his credit, was commissioned to create a new design. Webb chose Portland Stone, which took 12 months to prepare before building work could begin. When work did start it took 13 weeks to complete the refacing, a process that included removing the old stonework.The present forecourt of the Palace, where Changing the Guard takes place, was formed in 1911, as part of the Victoria Memorial scheme.The gates and railings were also completed in 1911; the North-Centre Gate is now the everyday entrance to the Palace, whilst the Central Gate is used for State occasions and the departure of the guard after Changing the Guard. The work was completed just before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.TodayBesides being the official London residence of The Queen, Buckingham Palace is also the busy administrative headquarters of the Monarchy and has probably the most famous façade of any building in the world. Buckingham Palace has 775 rooms. These include 19 State rooms, 52 Royal and guest bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices and 78 bathrooms. In measurements, the building is 108 metres long across the front, 120 metres deep (including the central quadrangle) and 24 metres high.The Palace is very much a working building and the centrepiece of Britain's constitutional monarchy. It houses the offices of those who support the day-to-day activities and duties of The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh and their immediate family. The Palace is also the venue for great Royal ceremonies, State Visits and Investitures, all of which are organised by the Royal Household. Although Buckingham Palace is furnished and decorated with priceless works of art that form part of the Royal Collection, one of the major art collections in the world today, it is not an art gallery and nor is it a museum. Its State Rooms form the nucleus of the working Palace and are used regularly by The Queen and members of the Royal Family for official and State entertaining. More than 50,000 people visit the Palace each year as guests to banquets, lunches, dinners, receptions and the Royal Garden Parties.For those who do receive an invitation to Buckingham Palace, the first step across the threshold is into the Grand Hall and up the curving marble stairs of the Grand Staircase. Portraits are still set in the walls, as they were by Queen Victoria.The Throne Room, sometimes used during Queen Victoria's reign for Court gatherings and as a second dancing room, is dominated by a proscenium arch supported by a pair of winged figures of 'victory' holding garlands above the 'chairs of state'. It is in the Throne Room that The Queen, on very special occasions like Jubilees, receives loyal addresses. Another use of the Throne Room has been for formal wedding photographs. George IV's original palace lacked a large room in which to entertain. Queen Victoria rectified that shortcoming by adding in 1853-5 what was, at the time of its construction, the largest room in London. At 36.6m long, 18m wide and 13.5m high, the Ballroom is the largest multi-purpose room in Buckingham Palace. It was opened in 1856 with a ball to celebrate the end of the Crimean War.It is along the East Gallery that The Queen and her State guests process to the Ballroom for the State Banquet normally held on the first day of the visit.Around 150 guests are invited and include members of the Royal Family, the government and other political leaders, High Commissioners and Ambassadors and prominent people who have trade or other associations with the visiting country.Today, it is used by The Queen for State banquets and other formal occasions such as the annual Diplomatic Reception attended by 1,500 guests. This is a very formal occasion during which The Queen will meet every head of mission accredited to the Court of St James's. For the diplomats it is perhaps the highlight of the annual diplomatic social calendar.The Ballroom has been used variously as a concert hall for memorial concerts and performances of the arts and it is the regular venue for Investitures of which there are usually 21 a year - nine in spring, two in the summer and ten in the autumn. At Investitures, The Queen (or The Prince of Wales as her representative) will meet recipients of British honours and give them their awards, including knighting those who have been awarded knighthoods. From the Ballroom, the West Gallery, with its four Gobelin tapestries, leads into the first of the great rooms that overlook lawn and the formal gardens - setting for the annual Garden Parties introduced by Queen Victoria in 1868.The State Dining Room is one of the principal State Rooms on the West side of the Palace. Many distinguished people have dined in this room including the 24 holders of the Order of Merit as well as presidents and prime ministers.Before the Ballroom was added to the Palace in the 1850s, the first State Ball was held in the Blue Drawing Room in May 1838 as part of the celebrations leading up to Queen Victoria's Coronation.The Music Room was originally known as the Bow Drawing Room and is the centre of the suite of rooms on the Garden Front between the Blue and the White Drawing Rooms. Four Royal babies - The Prince of Wales, The Princess Royal, The Duke of York and Prince William - were all christened by the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Music Room. One of its more formal uses is during a State Visit when guests are presented to The Queen, The Duke of Edinburgh and the visiting Head of State or for receptions.The last of the suite of rooms overlooking the gardens on the principal floor is the White Drawing Room. Originally called the North Drawing Room, it is perhaps the grandest of all the State Rooms. The Room also serves as a Royal reception room for The Queen and members of the Royal Family to gather before State and official occasions.The Bow Room is familiar to the many thousands of guests to Royal Garden Parties who pass through it on their way to the garden. It was originally intended as a part of George IV's private apartments - to be the King's Library - but it was never fitted up as such. Instead, it has become another room for entertaining and is where The Queen holds the arrival lunch for a visiting Head of State at the start of a State visit.