宾语从句英文公式

主语＋谓语＋宾语。而用来描述宾语的句子就是宾语从句。例如，Mikesaidthathewasfeelingill.我解析下，Mike就是主语，said就是谓语，而从that到ill就是宾语，因为它是个句子，所以叫作宾语从句。记得分好句子中的主语谓语宾语，这样才容易找出宾语从句

1. I think that it is important to learn English.这个句子含有一个名词性从句，在句中作think的宾语，因此that it is important to learn English就是宾语从句。2. This is the book whose cover is red.这个句子含有一个修饰名词the book的从句，且作定语，因此whose cover is red就是定语从句。

宾语从句定义、示例、用法最生动解释

宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态：1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。1.宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.2.动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. ②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.3.介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.4.形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.5.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.如： I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。 ⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;当宾语从句较长时;当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.7.宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?8.宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时的时候①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<老人与海>.②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.宾语从句，即：在主句中担当宾语的从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人） 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether…ornot结构中不能用if替换。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他三：判断时态情况： 1。主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况 2。主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿ round. A. was B. is C. were D. are 2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match. A. win B. won C. will win D. wins 3. I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school. A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where 答：选B，动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…whether + or not 宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后； eg． Tell him which class you are in ． Do you know what he likes？ 注：(1)主、从句时态一致： 主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时； He answered that he was listening to me. 主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需； eg． He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard. 具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时； eg．He told me that he was born in 1980. Father told me that practice makes perfect . （2）否定前移，及完成反意问句； 在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。（注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称） eg． I don't think you are right ,are you ? I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ? （3）在表示建议 suggest , advise 要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v．（虚拟语气） eg． I suggested that you（should）study hard． He ordered that we should go out at once． （4）如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置 eg．You may think it strange that he would live there． （5）宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略 A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。 eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter． B．当it作形式宾语时 eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him． C．当宾语从句前置时 eg．That our team will win，I believe．一 定义： 宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。A 作动词的宾语:I heard the news.主语 谓语动词 名词作宾语I heard that he would come here later on.主语 谓语动词 一个句子作宾语---宾语从句B 作介词的宾语:He said nothing about the plan. 主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 名词作介词的宾语He said nothing about who broke the window last night. 主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 一个句子作介词的宾语二 带有宾语从句的复合句的构成:带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day. 宾语2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm. 间接宾语 直接宾语3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer. 间接宾语 直接宾语 4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.who hadn’t passed the exam.when she would leave this building.why she cried last night.where she was going to study.which student was his partner in the short play.if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.how she managed to solve the problem.why water flows from a high position to a lower position. 在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一种，（大自然的现象和真理除外）。 5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.who broke the window yesterday.when I can have a holiday.why I failed the exam yesterday.where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.which book is the best one.if (whether) I have passed the exam.how my cat escaped from the room last night. 在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现在完成时），从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态。三 注意：A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。 False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。 Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible. Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours. Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment. Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher. Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.D False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner. Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.

在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的词叫关联词。 〔关联词〕 常见的关联词有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why等。 〔种类〕 1.由that引导的定语从句 一般情况下that可指人或物，可以代替who， whom和which，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能作介词的宾语。如： The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。 Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？ The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。 2.由who，whom和whose引导的定语从句 who在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语， whose在从句中作定语。如： This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。 He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。 The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。 3.由which引导的定语从句 which指物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如： The book which Mum bought me last week is called"Red Star Over China".妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫《西行漫记》。 The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。 4.由where，when和why引导的定语从句 where在从句中作地点状语，when在从句中作时间状语，why在从句中作原因状语。如： I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。 He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。 I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。 〔注意点〕 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。如：The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次。 参考资料： 公式：主语＋某些可以接从句的及物动词＋从句（这里的从句就是宾语从句）可以接宾语从句的动词常用的有：say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等，或由形容词构成的系表结构，如：afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等宾语从句的时态与主句时态的呼应问题。① 主句谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态可以是任何所需要的时态，如：I know he didn't come. 我知道他没来。I know he will come tomorrow. 我知道他明天来。I know he has gone to London. 我知道他已去伦敦了。I wanted to know when he would come.� The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun. 参考资料： 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功同名词一样。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语 例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month.. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如： I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong) 6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。） 三．表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如： 1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 四．同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 1. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如： 1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）