8年级上册英语讲解

一般现在时 The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时表示现在的状态 He is twelve. 他十二岁。 They are at home. 他们在家。 表示经常性或习惯性的动作 I go to school at seven every day. He plays soccer on Sundays. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等 She likes apples. They speak Japanese. She is medium build. 肯定式 I am a cleaner. You are right. He / She / It is here. We / You / They are outgoing 否定式 I am not a… You are not… He / She / It is not… We / You / They are not… 否定式和疑问式 We go to school at seven every day. We don’t go to school at seven. Do you go to school at seven? Yes, we do.（No, we don’t.） 否定式和疑问式 He goes to school at seven every day. He doesn’t go to school at seven. Does he go to school at seven? Yes, he does.(No, he doesn’t.) 一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。 如： often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。 1. I often read books in the evening 2. Do they usually go to school by bike? 3. He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it. 4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。 如： in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night,every day,on Sunday(s), at seven 等。 Do they have math in the morning? She sleeps nine hours every night. It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. They don’t have classes on Sundays. 动词第三人称单数的构成：1、直接加--s look—looks read—reads play—plays stop—stops 2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加--es miss—misses fix—fixes watch—watches wash—washes go—goes do--does 3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y为i，再加--es carry – carries study – studies hurry – hurries cry – cries 4.特殊的 have -- has新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（二）【语法聚焦】 看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。 一、医生询问病情的常用语句： 1. What's wrong/the matter (with you)? 你怎么了？ What's your trouble, young man? 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服? When did it start? 从何时开始生病的？ 2. How are you (feeling) now? 你现在觉得怎么样?Are you feeling better today? 你今天好些了吗? 3. Have you got a headache/a cough? 你头痛/咳嗽吗? 4. When did you feel unwell? 你什么时候觉得不舒服的? 5. When did the pain start? 疼痛何时开始的? 6. Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗? Do you feel tired? 你觉得疲劳吗? 7. How long have you been like this? 你像这样有多久了? 8. Did you eat anything for breakfast? 你早饭吃了什么没有? 二、病人诉说病情的常用语句： 1. I don't feel very well. / I'm not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。 2. I have (got) a headache. 我头痛。 I have a sore throat. 我嗓子痛。 I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。 There's something wrong with my leg. 我的腿有毛病了。 3. I feel terrible. 我感到很难受。 I feel even worse. 我感到情况更糟了. 4. I don't feel like eating anything. 我什么都不想吃. 5. I dream too much. 我的梦特别多. I can't fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着. 6. It began two days ago. 两天前开始的. 7. I don't feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转. 8. I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条. 三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句: 1. Open your mouth and say "Ah---'. 张嘴说 "啊---- ". 2. Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温. 3. There's nothing much wrong / serious with you. 你没什么大问题. 4. You have got a bad cold. 你患了重感冒. 5. You have to be in hospital. 你得住院. 6. You'd better stay in bed for a few days. 你最好卧床几天. You'd better not eat too much sugar. 你最好别吃太多的糖. Eat less food and take more exercise. If you do that, you'll feel much healthier. 少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多. Drink more water. 多喝水. You should drink a lot of water. 你应该多喝水。 Have a good rest. 好好休息. 7. Take one of these pills twice a day. 这些药每次服一片,每天两次. Take the medicine after meals. 饭后服药. 8. You'll soon be all right. 你很快就会康复的. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快就会好起来。 Try to relax before you go to sleep. 睡觉前尽量放松一下。新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（三）【语法聚焦】 一、用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，例如： 1. What are you doing for vacation? 你假期准备干什么？ I'm visiting my grandmother. 我准备去看我的奶奶。 When are you going? 你想什么时候去？ What's she doing for vacation? 她假期准备干什么？ She is going camping. 她打算去野营。 What are they doing for vacation? 他们假期准备干什么？ They are relaxing at home. 他们打算在家里放松一下。 2.还有一些动词的现在进行时形式表示将要发生的动作： leave, come, stay，hike等。 例如： 1) My father is leaving for Shanghai next week. 我父亲下周要动身去上海。 2) A: Mary! Supper is ready. 玛丽！晚饭好了。 B: I'm coming, mum. 妈妈，我马上就来。 3) A: What are you doing for vacation? 你假期准备干什么？B: I'm going hiking in the mountains. 我准备去山里远足。 4) I'm staying home to do my homework next Sunday. 下个星期天我准备待在家里做作业。 二、课文注释 1. go fishing 去钓鱼 同样的用法还有： go shopping 去购物新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（四）【语法聚焦】 1. It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人某些时间去做某事； 例如： It took the people a lot of time to get to the mountain. 人们花了很多时间才到了那座大山。 It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning. 每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。 It will take three hours to finish the work. 完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。 2.动词take还有其他词义；例如： 1)得到；获得 You have to take it as you find it. 对这个你只得将就些算了。 2)拿；握住；抓住 The mother took her child by the hand. 母亲拉着孩子的手。 3)取走，拿走 Take this shopping home. 把这件买的东西拿回家。 The foods here are all free - take any you like. 这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。 Who has taken my chocolate? 谁拿了我的巧克力？4)乘，坐，搭（车、船） Shall we go by bus or take a cab? 我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去? to take a bus to work 乘公共汽车上班 5)吃；喝；服用；吸入 Take your medicine. 把药服下。 6)进行；作；为 to take a walk 散步 If you don't take / get more exercise you'll get fat.新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（五）1. have to与情态动词的区别 情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语，have to也是这样。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而且所用的时态也受到一定的限制，但是have to有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态中，在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，要用has to,其余人称用have to；一般过去时中用had to；一般将来时中用will have to,例如： She has to go to school by bus. 她不得不乘公共汽车去上学。 If you get ill, you'll have to see the doctor. 如果你生病的话，你就得看医生。2. have to与must的区别 have to和must都有“必须”的意思，那么它们有哪些不同呢？ (1)含义和用法上的区别： have to强调客观上需要做某事，即表示外界条件的需要不得不做某事，含有“形势逼迫”的意味；must强调说话者主观上认为必须做某事，含有“主观判断”的意味，例如： My bike was broken on my way to school. I had to walk there. 我的自行车在上学的路上坏了，我不得不走路去上学。 （我本来不愿意走路，可是自行车坏了，不想走路也不行。） We must learn English well. 我们必须学好英语。（主观上有这种想法。） (2)否定式的区别： have to的否定式意为“不必”，must的否定式意为“禁止；不允许”。因此，以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes,主语+must”，否定回答为“No,主语+needn't / don't have to”。例如： ---Must I finish the homework now?我必须现在完成作业吗？ ---Yes, you must. (No, you needn't / don't have to)是的，你必须现在完成。（不，你不必。） 3.反意疑问句的构成区别： (1)陈述部分含有have to时，其附加问句的谓语往往用助动词do的相应形式或助动词will。例如： You had to go shopping yesterday, didn't you? 昨天你不得不去购物，是吗？ (2)陈述部分含有must时，其附加问句的谓语，按下面几种情况来确定： A. must意为“必须”时，附加问句谓语用needn't。例如： We must clean the room, needn't we?我们必须打扫房间，是吗？ B. mustn't意为“禁止”之意，附加问句谓语用must。例如： The boy mustn't play with the knife, must he? 那个男孩不能玩刀子，对吗？ C. must意为“应该”时，附加问句谓语用mustn't。例如： We must help each other, mustn't we?我们应该互相帮助，对吗？ D. must意为“一定；想必”表示推测时，附加问句部分谓语要根据must后面的动词来确定。例如：Mr Wang must be at home, isn't he?王先生一定在家，对吗？ 注： must表示的是一种相当肯定的与事实非常接近的推测。例如： Mr Wang must be at home.其实就相当于Mr Wang is at home. 因此，它的反意疑问句的附加问句部分是isn't he也就很容易理解了。 又如：They must be right, aren't they?新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（六）1) 形容词的作用 形容词在句子中一般充当表语、定语和宾语补足语，如： Our school looks very beautiful. (表语) There are fifty students in our class, so we need a big classroom. (定语) Doing morning exercises can make us healthy. (宾语补足语)2) 形容词的级别 形容词有三种级别，即原级、比较级和最高级。当讨论的对象是一个时应使用原级，当讨论的对象是两个时应使用比较级，当讨论的对象在三个或更多时应使用最高级。 在形容词原级后面加上er就成为比较级，在原级后加上est就成为最高级。一般的单音节形容词直接加er或est，词尾是不发音字母e的只加r或st，重读闭音节应双写词尾辅音字母再加er或est，如： long—longer—longest， nice—nicer—nicest， big—bigger—biggest。 以辅音字母加y为结尾的双音节形容词应将y改为i再加上er或est，如： early—earlier—earliest， dirty—dirtier—dirtiest， busy—busier—busiest。 多音节的形容词比较级应在前面加上more，最高级应在前面加上most， 如： important—more important—most important， difficult—more difficult—most difficult。 有些特殊的形容词有自己的变化规律， 如：good/well—better—best， bad/badly—worse—worst， many/much—more—most， little—less—least， far—farther/further—farthest/furthest。 形容词的比较级句型应使用连词than或or，如： The weather in Shanghai is hotter than that in Beijing. 上海的天气比北京的天气热. Which subject is more important, English or math?英语和数学, 哪个学科更重要? 形容词的最高级前应加上定冠词the，句型中应给出比较范围，如： The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流. The third truck carries the most books of all.第三辆卡车在所有的卡车中载书最多. 两个人或物比较时，如果只说明两者相同或不同，则可使用as...as...句型，否定句为not as (so)...as...句型，这里形容词仍使用原级，如： Mr. Green is as old as Mr. Brown. 格林先生和布朗先生年龄一样大. Mr. Green is not as (so) old as Mr. Brown. 格林先生和布朗先生的年龄不一样大.新目标英语八年级上语法知识讲解（七）1. 现在进行时表示将来 当一个句子的意思涉及一个计划好的事件或者明确的意图时, 用现在进行时可以表示将来时间. 现在进行时的将来意义或者通过时间副词或者通过上下文来暗示出来. 现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”，“安排”（但不是固定不变的）或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感，它常表示最近或较近的将来。所用动词多是转移动词，如： 1) Sam has already made his plans. He is leaving at noon tomorrow. 2) A: What are you going to do this afternoon? B: After lunch I am meeting a friend of mine. We are going shopping. Would you like to come along?2. 一般将来时和be going to 表示将来 1) 当说话人在做一个预测时, (他或她认为将来会发生或出现某种情况), will 和be going to都是可以用的. 2) 表达一种事先计划或打算时( 说话人打算在将来做某事因为在过去他或她已制定了一个计划或决定去做这件事),只能用be going to. 3) 表达意愿时, 只能用will.

英语语言知识点教学对学生英语基础知识的积累以及英语语言能力的提高有举足轻重的作用。那么八年级上册英语知识点归纳该怎么写呢?下面是我为大家整理的八年级上册英语知识点归纳，希望对大家有帮助。 八年级上册英语知识点归纳篇一 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 短语归纳 go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 in the past在过去 feel like给……的感觉;感受 go shopping去购物 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出;查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢? so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 语法讲解 1. go on vacation 度假 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。 4. something interesting有趣的东西 1)something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。 somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。 somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。 2)当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后; something special; somewhere wonderful. 3)不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：大家都到齐了吗? 4)something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中 anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如： 你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问) Why don‘t you visit 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢?(表建议) If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生，请告诉我。 6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books. 7.提建议的句子： 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车 ① 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don‘t you + do sth.? 如：Why don‘t you go shopping? ③ 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let‘s + do sth. 如： Let‘s go shopping ⑤ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是―到达―的意思 get to+地点=reach+地点= arrivve at+地点(小)=arrive in+地点(大) 注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。 14.nothing...but...意为―除......之外; 只有‖，如： 求知学堂英语免费考前辅导资料(内部教材) 姓名： such such+名短+ that 从句：She is such a popular girl that... so that 从句：结果…(为了) 如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves 如： The child (herself) usually wears the clothes (herself). 27.What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异多大啊! What a/an + adj.+ n(单)+主+谓!或 What + adj. +n(复不)+主+谓! How+ adj. +主+谓(联系动词)!或 How + adv+主+谓(实义动词)! 八年级上册英语知识点归纳篇二 Unit2 How often do you exercise? 短语归纳 help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜;睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营 not…at all一点儿也不…… in one‘s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如;诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于;超过 less than少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about…? ......怎么样?/ ……好不好? want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句? ……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It‘s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 What‘s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么? the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 语法讲解 1. exercise (v/n)的用法 1)(动):锻炼. 如： He exercises every day. 2) (可数名词)：―...操;练习‖. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises (不可数名词):―锻炼;运动‖讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends. 2. ----How often do you usually go shopping? —Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次. 1) go shopping 意为―去购物‖。Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。如： Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never (1).sometimes: 有时候;sometime：某时;some t imes：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间 (2). hardly(adv): 几乎不 硬的;困难的;严厉的;勤奋的 a hard writer study/rain hard 3)how often表示―多久一次‖，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有： 频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次数+时间段: 如：once or twice a week every +时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday(每天的;日常的) ―一次或两次‖时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次) 而表示―三次或以上‖时，则用―数词+times‖结构。如：five times a year (一年五次) 4) 由how构成的疑问词组的用法 猜你喜欢： 1. 初二上册英语知识点的重点总结 2. 八年级英语上册知识点 3. 八年级上册英语知识点 4. 初二上英语知识点归纳总结 5. 初二英语上册知识点总结 6. 八年级上册英语重点短语及句型总结

2.be good at 擅长于...... Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。be good at = do well in 如：I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。3.be good to 对......好Parents are always good to their children. 父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 35) how many与how much 1.how many表示“多少”，对数量提问，后面接可数名词的复数形式。如：There are four people in my family. ---How many people are in your family? 你家里有几个人？We have seven classes every day. ---How many classes do you have every day? 你们每天上几节课？2.how much也是表示“多少”，但它对不可数名词进行提问。如：There is some milk in the bottle. ---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？3.how much还可以对价格提问，表示“多少钱”的意思。如：The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan. ---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱？ 36) with的几个用法1.with表“和、同、与”。如：Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗？2.with表“用、以、被”。如：Don't write with the red pen. 不要用那支红色的钢笔写字。3.with表“随着”。如：Climate varies with the time of the year. 气候随着时令的不同而不同。4.with表“带有、有......的”。如：The girl with long hair is my classmate. 长头发的女孩是我的同学。5.with表“因为、由于”。如：They were angry with hard work. 他们因为艰难的工作而生气。6.一些with结构：play with与......一起玩be angry with对......生气talk with与......交谈get on well with与......相处融洽 37) a lot of(lots of)与many,much 1.a lot of意为“许多、大量”。相当于lots of。它既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。如：I have a lot of friends in China. 我在中国有很多朋友。The old man has lots of money. 那位老人有很多的钱。2.many意为“许多”。它用来修饰可数名词。如：Do you have many beautiful skirts? 你有很多漂亮的裙子吗？3.much意为“大量”。它用来修饰不可数名词。如：There is much water in the lake. 湖里有大量的水。4.a lot of（=lots of）用在肯定句中，而many，much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lot of（=lots of）的肯定句改为否定句或疑问句，要将它们改为many或much。如：We can see a lot of birds in the tree. ---We can't see many birds in the tree. 我们在树上看不到很多鸟儿。He wants lots of soda. ---Does he want much soda? 他需要许多汽水吗？ 38) help用法举例help既可以作名词，也可以作动词。1.help作名词，意为“帮助”。如：He needs some help. 他需要一些帮助。2.help作动词，也是“帮助”的意思。如：Can you help me? 你能帮帮我吗？3.help的结构：help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth帮助某人做某事如：They want to help the boy carry the heavy box. =They want to help the boy with the heavy box. 他们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。 39) well的用法well可以作副词，也可以作形容词。1.well作副词，意为“（某事干得）好”。如：The boy draws very well. 男孩画得很好。2.well作形容词，意为“健康、安好”。如：I'm not feeling well. 我觉得不舒服。 40) ago与before ago与before都表示“......以前”，但用法有所区别。1.ago意为“以前”，表示从此刻算起的若干时间之前，常用于过去时的句子中。如：He took a photo a week ago. 他一周前照了一张相片。2.before作为副词时表示：a.从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前，用于过去完成时的句子中。如：The boy had already seen the comedy before. 那男孩以前已经看过那部喜剧片了。b.笼统的“以前”，用于一般过去时或现在完成时的句子中，一般单独使用，而ago不可以单独使用。如：He's read this novel before. 他以前读过这部小说。 41) need的用法1.need作实义动词，意为“需要”。如：Do you need to stay at home? 你要呆在家里吗？2.need作情态动词，一般用于对must的否定回答。如：---Must he leave now?他必须离开吗？---No, he needn't.不，他不必。3.区分：a.need作实义动词。He needs to go. He doesn't need to go. Does he need to go? Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. b.need作情态动词，一般不用于肯定句。He needn't go. Need he go? Yes, he need./No, he needn't. 42) decide的几种句式1.decide to do sth决定去做某事They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他们决定在周末去放风筝。2.decide on doing sth决定做某事They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。3.decide on sth就某事决定...... Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。4.decide的名词形式为decision，结构：make a decision，意为“做决定”。如：He has made a decision. 他已经做一个决定了。43) too many,too much与much too 1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：There are too many students in our class. 我们班上有太多的学生。2.be good at 擅长于...... Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。be good at = do well in 如：I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。3.be good to 对......好Parents are always good to their children. 父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 35) how many与how much 1.how many表示“多少”，对数量提问，后面接可数名词的复数形式。如：There are four people in my family. ---How many people are in your family? 你家里有几个人？We have seven classes every day. ---How many classes do you have every day? 你们每天上几节课？2.how much也是表示“多少”，但它对不可数名词进行提问。如：There is some milk in the bottle. ---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？3.how much还可以对价格提问，表示“多少钱”的意思。如：The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan. ---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱？ 36) with的几个用法1.with表“和、同、与”。如：Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗？2.with表“用、以、被”。如：Don't write with the red pen. 不要用那支红色的钢笔写字。3.with表“随着”。如：Climate varies with the time of the year. 气候随着时令的不同而不同。4.with表“带有、有......的”。如：The girl with long hair is my classmate. 长头发的女孩是我的同学。5.with表“因为、由于”。如：They were angry with hard work. 他们因为艰难的工作而生气。6.一些with结构：play with与......一起玩be angry with对......生气talk with与......交谈get on well with与......相处融洽 37) a lot of(lots of)与many,much 1.a lot of意为“许多、大量”。相当于lots of。它既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。如：I have a lot of friends in China. 我在中国有很多朋友。The old man has lots of money. 那位老人有很多的钱。2.many意为“许多”。它用来修饰可数名词。如：Do you have many beautiful skirts? 你有很多漂亮的裙子吗？3.much意为“大量”。它用来修饰不可数名词。如：There is much water in the lake. 湖里有大量的水。4.a lot of（=lots of）用在肯定句中，而many，much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lot of（=lots of）的肯定句改为否定句或疑问句，要将它们改为many或much。如：We can see a lot of birds in the tree. ---We can't see many birds in the tree. 我们在树上看不到很多鸟儿。He wants lots of soda. ---Does he want much soda? 他需要许多汽水吗？ 38) help用法举例help既可以作名词，也可以作动词。1.help作名词，意为“帮助”。如：He needs some help. 他需要一些帮助。2.help作动词，也是“帮助”的意思。如：Can you help me? 你能帮帮我吗？3.help的结构：help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth帮助某人做某事如：They want to help the boy carry the heavy box. =They want to help the boy with the heavy box. 他们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。 39) well的用法well可以作副词，也可以作形容词。1.well作副词，意为“（某事干得）好”。如：The boy draws very well. 男孩画得很好。2.well作形容词，意为“健康、安好”。如：I'm not feeling well. 我觉得不舒服。 40) ago与before ago与before都表示“......以前”，但用法有所区别。1.ago意为“以前”，表示从此刻算起的若干时间之前，常用于过去时的句子中。如：He took a photo a week ago. 他一周前照了一张相片。2.before作为副词时表示：a.从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前，用于过去完成时的句子中。如：The boy had already seen the comedy before. 那男孩以前已经看过那部喜剧片了。b.笼统的“以前”，用于一般过去时或现在完成时的句子中，一般单独使用，而ago不可以单独使用。如：He's read this novel before. 他以前读过这部小说。 41) need的用法1.need作实义动词，意为“需要”。如：Do you need to stay at home? 你要呆在家里吗？2.need作情态动词，一般用于对must的否定回答。如：---Must he leave now?他必须离开吗？---No, he needn't.不，他不必。3.区分：a.need作实义动词。He needs to go. He doesn't need to go. Does he need to go? Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. b.need作情态动词，一般不用于肯定句。He needn't go. Need he go? Yes, he need./No, he needn't. 42) decide的几种句式1.decide to do sth决定去做某事They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他们决定在周末去放风筝。2.decide on doing sth决定做某事They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。3.decide on sth就某事决定...... Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。4.decide的名词形式为decision，结构：make a decision，意为“做决定”。如：He has made a decision. 他已经做一个决定了。43) too many,too much与much too 1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：There are too many students in our class. 我们班上有太多的学生。

be good for 对身体有好处 too many+可数名词 too much+不可数名词 much too+形容词