
A Letter to A Schoolmate 【给校友的信】Dear Xiao Wang, I am very glad to learn that you are going to visit me during the week-long holiday. [我很高兴得知你要在我为期一周的假期里来看我。]My parents will also be happy to see you again.[我的父母也很高兴再次见到你。]I am sure you will enjoy every minute here. [我相信你会喜欢这里的每一分钟。] I have arranged our schedule for the holiday as follows.[我已经安排好我们的日程安排的假期如下.]On the first day you arrive, I will show you around our campus. [在你来着的第一天,我会带你参观我的校园。]On the second day, we will visit the art gallery and the music hall.[第二天,我们去参观艺术馆和音乐厅。]Next day,we will climb a hill in the northeastern part of the city.[第三天,我们去攀爬城市东北部的山峰。]On the top of the hill, we can have a wonderful bird’s eye view of the city.[在山顶上,我们可以鸟瞰这个美丽的城市。]During the next three days, we’ll make some short trips to some places of interest nearby,such as the Swan Cave, the Golden Lake, etc.[接下来的三天,我们去附近的名胜古迹来些短途旅行,例如天鹅洞,金色湖。]On the last day, I’ll see you off at the railway station.[最后一天,我会到火车站送你。] Please remember to call and tell me your train number and time of arrival so that I can meet you at the railway station. [请记得打电话告诉我你的火车号和抵达时间以便我去火车站接你。]By the way, it is very hot here and we have a lot of sunshine, so don’t forget to wear you sunglasses. [顺便提一下,这里天气很热阳光强烈,所以不要忘了戴太阳镜。] I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.[我期待很快见到你。] Sincerely yours, Zhang Ying
亲爱的姐姐:Dear sister, 我非常高兴写信给你。我们已经有很长时间没有见面了。你现在好吗? I'm very glad to write to you. We haven't met each other for a long time. How are you getting on?我去年考上了大学,现在在大连学习日语。之所以选择日语为我的专业,我想也是有你对我的影响吧。我想毕业以后去日本留学,锻炼自己,成为你这样有能力的人。I succeeded in the entrance examination and studied in the university. I'm now learning Japanese in Dalian. I think the reason I want to rake Japanese as my major has something to do with you. I want to go to Japan for my study and train myself to become someone of ability like you.我总是想起我小时候和你在一起的时光,很快乐,现在,我也很想念你。 I always think of the childhood when we spent the time together happily. Now I also miss you so much.在北京的工作还顺利吗?希望今年我有机会去北京见你。 Are you getting on smoothly with your work in Beijing? I hope I will have the opportunity to meet you in Beijing. 北京的冬天很冷,注意身体It's very cold in Beijing. Take good care of your health.
Dear sister, I am very pleasant to write this letter to you. It is a very long time since the last time I saw you. How are you going now? Last year, I admitted to the university and studied Japanese in the university. I think you have an important impact on me for why I chose Japanese for the professional. After graduation, I want to study abroad in Japan. Give myself some practice and then, I want to be a good person like you. I always thought about my childhood with you. That was happy. now, I miss you. I am wondering how is your work going in Beijing. I hope that I have an opportunity to see you this year. finally, I know the temperature is very low in beijing now. Take care of yourself.
写信人地址写在左上角收信人名,及地址写在右上角;其下为写信的时间另起一行顶格写称呼再另起一行,空两格开始写正文最后在右下角署名就可以了
英语书信通常包括下面几个组成部分:信端、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签名、附件、再启等。下面我们将逐个进行介绍。 1.信端(Heading) 信端即信头,一般包括写信人的地址和写信日期。一些正式信函的信端还包括发信人或单位的电话号码、电报挂号、电传、传真和邮政编码等。 西方国家中有些信端甚至还有单位负责人的姓名、职务和职称等。 信端的目的是使收信人一看便知道书信来自何处,何时发出,便于复信和查阅。用一般的信纸写信时,信端应写在信纸的右上角,若字数较多,可从信纸中间或偏右的地方写起。若字数较少,可适当多向右移一些,使整个信端的重心落在右上角。 信端的写法主要有并列式和斜列式两种。从目前情况来看,前者更为常用。 采用并列式时,每行开头要左对齐;采用斜列式时,每行开头逐次向右移二三个字母的距离。 例如 (1)并列式 16 Fuxing Street Haidian District Beijing Post Code: 100035 People’s Republic of China Tel: 63211234 Aug. 20, 2004 (2)斜列式(Indented Form) 16 Fuxing Street Haidian District Beijing Post Code: 100035 People’s Republic of China Tel: 63211234 Aug. 20, 2004 写信端时,先写发信人的地址,地点的名称按由小到大的顺序排列,然后与其它项目和发信日期。具体次序是:第一行写门牌号和街名;第二行写区名、市(县)名、省(州、邦)名,往国外寄的信,还要写上国家的名称;国家名称的前面加上邮政编码,其后可写上电话号码,最后一行写发信日期。如果写信人的地址是机关单位的名称,则将其作为第一行。如果写信人的单位没有门牌号码和街名,则第一行可写上所在班级或专业组的名称;第二行写系、科、室名称;第三行写学校名称;第四行写市(县)、省(州)名称;然后再写邮政编码、国名、电话号码、发信日期等项。 如果使用标点符号,则在每行末尾加逗号,最后一行的末尾加句号。但当前的信件中行末大都不加标点符号,但在每行之内该用标点符号的地方,仍要用标点。 特别要注意的是,门牌号码和街名之间要加逗号。月份和日期之间不可用逗号。在西方国家,城市名称之后往往写有字母或数字(如 New York, 103),表示城市的邮政编码。 关于发信日期的写法,应注意以下几点: ①年份应完全写出,不能简写。 ②月份要用英文名称,不要用数字代替。 ③月份名称多用公认的缩写式。但 May, June, July, 因为较短,不可缩写。 ④写日期时,可用基数词1,2,3,4,5,……28,29,30,31等,也可用序数词 lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, ……28th, 29th, 30th, 31lst等。但最好用基数词,简单明了。 日期可有下列几种写法: ① Oct. 20, 2004 ② 10 May., 2004 ③ 3rd June, 2004 ④ Sept. 16th, 2004 其中,①最为通用。 2.信内地址(Inside Address, Introductory Address) 信内地址收信人的姓名和地址,写在信纸的左上角,从信纸的左边顶格开始写,低于写信人地址和发信日期一二行,也分并列式和斜列式两种,但应与信端的书写格式保持一致。其次序是,先写收信人姓名、头衔和单位名称,占一二行,然后写地址,可占二至四行,例如: ①并列式 Ms. Joanna Kerry Peking University Haidian District, 100871 Beijing China ②斜列式 Ms. Joanna Kerry Peking University Haidian District,100871 Beijing China 3.称呼(Salutation) 对收信人的称呼应自成一行,写在低于信内地址一二行的地方,从信纸的左边顶格开始写,每个词的开头字母要大写,至于末尾处的符号,英国人用逗号,但美国和加拿大英语则多用冒号。称呼用语可视写信人与收信人的关系而定。 给外国人写英文信时,称呼用语要注意以下几点: ①对没有头衔的男性一般称呼 Mr. 。Mr. 用在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,不可只用在名字之前,例如对的称呼,应该是:Mr. 或 Mr. White, 不可是:Mr. Phil。若称呼多个男性,则在姓名前用 Mr. 的复数形式 Messrs. 。对一般以人名为名称的公司和企业常用这种称呼,例如:Messrs. Black and Brothers 布莱克兄弟公司。 ②对女性一般称呼 Mrs., Madam 或 Miss。Mrs.用在已婚女子的丈夫的姓氏之前,或姓氏和名字之前,一般不用在名字前 Madame 此词可以单独使用或加在丈夫的姓名之前 Mrs. 没有复数形式。若称呼多个女性,则在姓名前用 Mme. 的复数形式 Mmes. 而对以女子名字为名称的公司、企业可用 Mesdames 称呼。 Miss 多用于未婚女子,此词可缩写为 Ms ,用于姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,一般不用于名字之前。 ③对收信人的称呼,也可用头衔或职位的名称,不分性别。例如 Professor (缩写为 Prof.),Doctor (缩写为 Dr.), General (缩写为 Gen.) 。这些称呼都放在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前,如 Prof. (Phil)White等。 ④对外公函中对收信人的称呼,可用 Gentlemen (而不是 Gentleman),Dear Sir (s)和 My dear Sir(s)等。Gentlemen 之前不能加 Dear, 后面也不能带姓名。用 Sirs 时,前面常用 Dear 一词,但也可单独用 Sir。若收信人是妇女,则无论已婚或未婚,都可单独使用 Madam 或其复数 Mesdames。 ⑤对外国高级官员的称呼,如国家元首、政府首脑、部长、大使、公使和特使等,可用(Dear)Sir, (Dear)Mr. Chairman,(Dear)Mr. Premier, (My dear)Mr. Ambassador,Your Excellency (复数为 Excellencies)。 ⑥对君主制国家的国王和皇帝等男性君主,可以 Sir 称呼,对女王、女皇和皇后等女性君主,可用 Madam 称呼。有时也用 Your Majesty 称呼以表示。客气和尊敬Your Majesty 可兼指男性和女性,其复数为 Your Majesties。 ⑦对王室成员,如太子、王子、亲王和公主等,一般可用(Dear)Sir 或(Dear)Madam 但在正式尊称时,一般用 Your Highness (复数为 Highnesses)。 收信人称呼 先生(男人)Mr./Esq. 夫人(已婚)Mrs. 小姐(未婚)Miss 夫人、小姐统称Ms. 夫妇俩人Mr.and Mrs. 两位或两位以上男子Messrs 两位或两位以上女子(已婚)Mesdames 两位或两位以上小姐(未婚)Misses 常见的头衔(汉英对照)如下: 教授Professor 博士Doctor(Dr.,Ph.D.) 医学博士Medical Doctor(M.D.) 总统或校长President 主席或董事长Chairman 副主席或副董事长Vice Chairman 副总统或副校长Vice President 首相Prime Minister 总理Premier 省长或州长Governor 市长Mayor 参议员Senator 大使Ambassador 秘书长Secretary General 一秘First Secretary 二秘Second Secretary 院长Director,Dean 副院长Vice Director 系主任Dean,Head,Chair 馆长Chief Librarian,Curator 阁下Excellency 神甫Father 4.信的正文(Body of the Letter) 信的正文每段第一行应往右缩进约四五个字母。在写事务性信件时,正文一般开门见山,内容简单明了,条理清楚。在写私人信件时,信写好之后若有什么遗漏,可用 P. S.表示补叙。 5.结束语(Complimentary Close) 结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称,只占一行,低于正文一二行,从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写,末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机关、团体或不相识的人的信,一般用: Yours (very) truly, Yours (very) faithfully,Yours (very) sincerely, 等等。 写给上级和长者的信一般可用: Yours (very) respectfully, Yours (very) obediently, Yours gratefully, Yours appreciatively, Your obedient servant, 等等。 写给同志或同事的信一般可用: Fraternally yours, Comradely yours,等等。 写给熟人或朋友的信可用: Yours, Ever yours, Yours affectionately, As ever, Yours sincerely Yours devotedly, (Most) Fondly yours, Yours excitedly, Intimately yours,等等。 写给亲属或挚友的信一般用: Yours, Ever yours, Yours as ever, As ever, Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, (Much) Love, With Love,Lovingly, Your loving son, Your most affectionate, Your devoted friend, Devotedly, 等等,意即:“您的”、“永远是您的”、“您的亲爱的”、“您的爱子(孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母)” 、“您的挚友”等。 写给挚友的信有时也可用: Yours hurriedly, Yours hastily, Yours in haste, 等等。 写信给挚友,表示歉意时,可用: Contritely yours, Regretfully yours, Yours in (with) regret, Yours in (with) deep remorse 等。 在欧洲一些国家里,多把Yours 放在 sincerely等词的前面。在美国和加拿大等国,则多用,把 yours 放在 Sincerely 等词之后。Yours 一词有时也可省略。 6.签名(Signature) 信末的签名一般低于结束语一二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始写。若写信人是女性,与收信人又不相识,则一般在署名前用括号注上 Miss, Mrs.或 Ms.,以便对方回信时知道如何称呼。有的还有署名后写上自己的职称、职务或头衔 7.附件(Enclosure) 信件若有附件,应在左下角注明 Encl. 或 Enc.。若附件不止一个,则应写出2(或3,4,5等)Encls.,例如: Enc: Resume Encls:Grade Certificate 8.再启(Postscript, 缩写为 P. S.) 再启部分用于补叙正文中遗漏的话,一般应尽量少用,正式的函件中更应避免使用。私人和公务信函--注意事项 首先,写信者应设身处地想到对方,尊重对方的风俗习惯。 其次,英文信应该行文流畅、言简意赅,避免冗长。这就是说,写信者应用尽可能少的文字表达其必须传递的信息,而且写信者应将其所需传递的信息表达清楚,以免对方产生误解。书信交往,同样需要以礼待人。因而在写信过程中,要避免伤害对方感情,措辞上多选用些礼貌婉转词语。 最后,除了避免语法、拼写、标点错误外,信中所引用的史料、数据等也应准确无误。私人和公务信函--常用句式 常用的起首语有: 1)Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969. 2)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5,1997. 3)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997. 4)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning. 5)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort. 6)In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say… 7)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve. 8)What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th! 9)It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting. 10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me . 11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that … 14)I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved. 15)I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering. 16)I am too excited and delighted at your good news. 17)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.… 常用的结束语有: 1)Awaiting your good news, 2)Looking forward to your early reply, 3)Hoping to hear from you soon, 4)We await your good news. 5)I hope to hear from you very soon. 6)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 7)I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles. 8)Your early reply will be highly appreciated. 9)Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you. 10)The help you give me is sincerely valued. 11)I hope everything will be well with you . 12)Please let us know if you want more information. 13)I hope you always enjoy yourself. 14)I wish you very success in the coming year. 15)Please remember me to your family. 16)With best regards to your family. 17)All the best. 18)With love and good wishes.