大学四级英语语法

英语四六级语法总结，大学生的福音来咯！

一、时态：时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表：

二、不定式

三、动名词：具有动作性特征的动词

四、虚拟语气

1.最自然的虚拟状态：由should/would+原型时态，本质上是过去将来时。

2.表达与事实相反：

五、一致关系

六、复合句

从句可分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。

常见的关系代词有：that，which，when，where等。

说实在的，英语四级、六级和高中英语的区别不在语法上，而在词汇量和阅读能力上，只要高中英语课上所学过的所有语法知识都会了，并且四级的单词都会了，阅读速度快，过四级很轻松，说不定还会得高分呢！

四六级考试令许多大学生感到头疼，所以我来总结一下四六级语法

Ⅰ.时态

1.在 this is(it is)the first time that …句型中，从句常用完成时态。

2.have been to与 have gone to 的区别。前者侧重表示经历过，后者表示已经去了那里。

3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某个动作发生之前业已完成的动作

4 、 when 引起的疑问句中一般不用现在完成时。5.smell ， taste ， sound ， notice ， hate ， like ， love ， believe ， understand ， Want ， seem ， appear ， contain ， see ， hear ， agree ， belong等表示心理状态、情感、感觉、所有关系及特征等状态的动词一般不用进行时。

Ⅱ.被动时态

1 、不及物动词 seat 的用法。

2 、没有被动语态的及物动词。

Ⅲ不定式

1.常接不定式的动词有：agree, fail ， promise ， afford ， ask ， happen ， resolve ， attempt ． hesitate, seek, long ， threaten ， claim ， manage ， trouble ,consent, neglect, try ， decide ， offer ， undertake ， demand ， plan ． volunteer ， determine ， prepare ， want ， pretend ， wish ， endeavor ， proceed ， struggle 等

2.在一般助动词或者情态动词之后 to 可以被省略。

3.在动词 make ， let ， watch ， see …之后作宾语的时候， to 可以被省略。

4.在 why 和 why not 之后 to 可以被省略。

5.在 had better ， had best ， would rather ， had sooner, cannot but ， do nothing but 等结构后面 to 可以被省略。

Ⅳ.主谓一致

1.语法一致

2.意义一致

3.动词的数要与它紧挨着的名词，或者代词的数一致。

Ⅴ.情态动词

1.might 不是may 的过去式而是表示一种很小的可能性。

2.作为情态动词 need 和 dare 除在 whether 和 if 引出的从句中以外，一般不能用于肯定句，只能用于否定句和疑问句，并且不采用助动词 do ，但是作为实义动词 则需要 do

3 、 used to 表示过去习惯的动作或者状态，4.might 和 as well 连用表示建议5.ought to ， should be ， must be ／ must have been ， will be ，，用来表示论断、逻辑推理等。

Ⅵ.倒装

1.感叹句中的主谓不需要倒装，仅将 what 或者 how 在句子中构成的宾语、表语或者状语部分提到前面

2.当引导 从句的疑问词和关联词位于从句的开头时，句子中的主谓不需要倒装

。

Ⅶ.虚拟

1.名词性从句中要用过去时或 should+ 动词原型构成虚拟语气。

2.would rather ， had rather 后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。

3.在 it is important ／ suggested ／ necessary ／ proposed 等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情，即用动词原形或 should+ 动词原型，

4.词组 but for 相当于 were it not for 或 had it not been for, 表示一种含否定意义的条件，后面一般加名词或名词短语

5.在某些表示祝愿的句子里需要用虚拟语气

Ⅷ.介词

Ⅸ.连词

五篇大学英语四级语法指导

篇一： 大学英语四级语法指导

倒装的六条原则：

1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定，这个句子用部分倒装;

nor， neither放在句首时表示承前否定，句子也用部分倒装;

2. 省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从句，可以把从句中的had， should， could， were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置，构成部分倒装;

3. as， though表示“尽管”时引导从句，从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装;

系动词后面的部分就是表语，形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。

例如：She is beautiful. They are students.

四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。

例、 _B_ as it was at such a time， his work attracted much attention.

A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published

当题干是as引导一个从句，且as前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管，空格处要填的就是表语。

being published 正在被出版; to be published 将要被出版。

此句恢复正常语序应为： As it was published at such a time …

4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首，句子用部分倒装;

常见的一些表示否定含义的单词：never， little， few， hardly (… when)， scarcely (… when) ;

seldom 难得，不常;nowhere 哪里都不。

常见的一些表示否定含义的短语：in no way 决不; on no account 决不;

under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不。

5. only + 状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装;(如果only去掉就是全部倒装)

例、Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.

A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted

C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen

freshmen 新生; make up for 弥补，补偿; make-up tests 补考(缓考)。

6. 注意两个表达形式：come what may 无论发生什么情况; say what you will 畅所欲言。

篇二：大学英语四级语法指导

1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;

感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do

be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。

2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);

give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。

3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

keep me informed 使我被告知。

4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A after which B for which C with which D at which

fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。

I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。

5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。

6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.

A all in all B above all C after all D over all

all in all 总而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 毕竟，终究;overall 全面的，总体的

in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。

7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work.

A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now

now that 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。

与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式：

now that 既然，由于; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。

except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。

8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.

A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to

be attached to 连接，附属; This school is attached to Beida. 这所学校附属于北大。

responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。

be contrary to 与。。相反(相违背)。

9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.

A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going

regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。

10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.

A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice

out of work 失业; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 缺乏练习。

篇三：大学英语四级语法指导

动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。

动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。

形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。

第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。

例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。

例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…

例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]

A making B to make C to have made D having made

1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;

感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do

be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的'过程。

2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);

give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。

3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

keep me informed 使我被告知。

4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A after which B for which C with which D at which

fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。

I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。

5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。

篇四：大学英语四级语法指导

短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。

非谓语动词的结构：分词(分词短语)

句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。

1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏;

to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

一些特殊的动词：

第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;

这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。

注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。

forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;

remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;

2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

offer vt. 提出，提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。

动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。

动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。

形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。

第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。

例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;

感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do

be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。

2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);

give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。

3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

keep me informed 使我被告知。

4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A after which B for which C with which D at which

fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。

I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。

5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。

注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。

例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…

例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]

A making B to make C to have made D having made

篇五：大学英语四级语法指导

非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语)

当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。

独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词]

现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。

1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely.

A followed B following C to follow D being followed

2. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off.

A considered B be considered C considering D having considered

call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。

独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]

3. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expanding education， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.

A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged

as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。

动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;

been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励

短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。

非谓语动词的结构：分词(分词短语)

句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。

1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏;

to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

一些特殊的动词：

第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;

这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。

注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。

forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;

remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;

2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

offer vt. 提出，提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。