The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句,如:
I don't know the reason why he was late.
This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用 that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等,这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有这种从句,不影响主句意思的完整,一般用逗号把主句和从句分开, 关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 :I have two brothers, who are both students.
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引导。
When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
2、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等,for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。
He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
3、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
4、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防,以免)等。
Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
5、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so that, such that等引导。
She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
6、条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意:条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know(据我所知), he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
7、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind.
8、方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。
You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.
9、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) as, the more the more等引导。
I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.