英语音标及其组合

1 元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [i] 发音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [æ ]发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm word world 6) [ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother does brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) [ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash 11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full 12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book should could put full bull pull push women whose 13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) [iə] 字母组合 eer ea, ear,ea, ear, er, ierbeer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) [eə] 字母组合ear air pair bear chair air fair care there where 20) [uə] tour poor2 容易混淆的元音 [æ] [e] bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i：] [ei] real rail greet great mean main read raid [e] [ai] bet bite red write said side head hide [au] [ɔ:] house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [au] [ʌ] found fond down done gown gone town ton 3辅音 1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) [b] book big boot bike bread break 3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule schema (字母组合ch) 6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language 7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb 8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) [r] read red right run room write 12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) [v] very evening even every voice vest 14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) [ð] that this those these though 18) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) [ʃə] pleasure 20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who 21) [w] when what where window wind wood 22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk 26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink 27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts 28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的辅音 [v] [w] vest west vet wet vine wine very well [s] [θ] sink think mass math miss myth sort sought [z] [ð] close cloth breeze breathe [n] [ŋ] thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 添加一点: 9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar aw small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter draw saw flaw 23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch） catch watch match （字母组合tch) 5 字母，组合音节发音规律 1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:] late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i [ai] [i] high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit 4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ] lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə] university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c [k] [s] country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ] girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l [l] 读音不同 listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n [n] [ŋ] moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r [r] [[](美语发音) right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y [j] [i] [ai] yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:] farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə] cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear [ə:] [iə] learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə] deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere [iə] [εə] here mere fere sere there 17) ir [ə:] [ai] shirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:] room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door floor 19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə] short form corn born for work world worm word worst tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ɔ:] [uə] door floor moor poor boor 21) our [uə] [ɔ:] hour tour flour bourn lour pour court four mourn 22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə] house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow [əu] [au] window meadow know show low now town how down cow 24) se [z] [s] nose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house 25) th [θ] [ð] thank think thought cloth clothes that this then than 26) sion [ʃ ə n] [ʒ ə n] propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion [ʃ ə n] [tʃ ə n](不常见) station nation translation attention question 6关于语音的几个概念: Phonics 是一种(方法), 是教育学习者从字母排列中去拼读出单个字来. AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（简称AHD） KK音标是一套(注音符号系统),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和 John Albert Knott两位美国学者共同编著的发音词典A Pronouncing Dictionary of American1956中用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。DJ是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来. 英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 《英语正音辞典》。它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（标准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。 1888年国际语音协会 (International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号 (IPA—International Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。 国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的国际音标 (DJ) 和美式发音的KK音标，前者乃根据Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)，后者则是根据John S. Kenyon & Thomas A. Knott二氏的美语发音字典 (A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English, 1956)。值得一提的是，KK音标所使用的符号均从前面提到的国际音标符号 (IPA) 而来，Kenyon & Knott二氏仅将其中适用于美式英语的符号截取出来。 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位. 元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant

1 元音:

[i:] 字母组合 ee ea e ie

[i] 发音字母 i y e

[æ ]发音字母 a

[e] 字母组合 ea e a

[ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or

[ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u

[a:] 字母组合 ar a

[ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou oo

[ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar

[ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母 o a

[u:] 字母组合 oo o u

[u] 字母组合 oo ou u o

[ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey

[ai] 发音字母 i y

[au] 字母组合 ou ow

[əu] 发音字母 o ow oa

[ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oi

[iə] 字母组合 eer ea, ear,ea, ear, er, ier

[eə] 字母组合ear air

[uə] 字母组合oor、our、ure

2、辅音/p/  对应字母：p

/b/ 对应字母：b

/t/ 对应字母：t、th、pt、ed

/d/ 对应字母：d、ed

/k/ 对应字母：k、c、ck、qu

/g/ 对应字母：g

/f/  对应字母：f、ph、gh

/v/  对应字母：v、f

/s/  对应字母：s、c、sc、ps

/z/  对应字母：z、s

/θ/ 对应字母：th

/ð/ 对应字母：th

/ʃ/ 对应字母：sh、ch、s、t、c

/ʒ/ 对应字母：s、g

/r/ 对应字母：r、rh、wr

/h/ 对应字母：h、wh

/ʧ/ 对应字母：ch、tch、t

/ʤ/ 对应字母：j、g、dg、d

/ts/ 对应字母：ts、tes

/dz/ 对应字母：ds、des

/tr/ 对应字母：tr

/dr/ 对应字母：dr

/m/ 对应字母：m、mn

/n/ 对应字母：n、kn、gn、pn

/ŋ/对应字母：ng、n

/l/ 对应字母：l

/w/ 对应字母：w

/hw/ 对应字母：wh

/j/ 对应字母：y

国际音标（英语：International Phonetic Alphabet，缩写：IPA），早期又称万国音标，是一套用来标音的系统，以拉丁字母为基础，由国际语音学学会设计来作为口语声音的标准化标示方法。国际音标的使用者有语言学家、言语治疗学家、外语教师、歌手、辞书学家和翻译学家等人。

48个国际音标对应的字母组合如下：

元音部分：

1)、单元音： [i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ]

2)、双元音： [ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au] 、[əu]

辅音部分：

[p]、[b] 、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ]

[tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]

扩展资料：

记忆方法(只需记长音就可以)：

一、单元音：

[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ]

[i:]――谐音为：易(yi);像数字1，记忆真容易。

[ɔ:]――谐音为：噢(0);噢，这个音标就像个o。

[u:]――谐音为：雾(wu);杯子上有很多雾。

[ə:]――谐音为：饿(e);一只鹅饿得晕倒了。

[ɑ:]――谐音为：啊(a);音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[e]――谐音为：夜(ye);这只鹅喜欢走夜路。

二、双元音：

[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu]

[ei]――谐音为：妹(mei);鹅有一个妹妹。

[ai]――谐音为：爱(ai);音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[ɔi]――这个音标找不到拼音的谐音，可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆。

[iə]――谐音和外形都像：12

[ɛə]――谐音为：挨饿;外形像3只鹅;三只鹅都在挨饿。

[uə]――谐音为：屋鹅;一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里。

[au]――谐音为：傲(ao);一个杯子很骄傲，不让人拿它喝水。

[əu]――谐音为：鸥(ou);一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥。

三、辅音：

[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]

注：多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大，可以通过拼音来进行谐音;还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体，我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音。)

其中，[θ]和[ð]这两个音标，它们没有近似的拼音来对应，主要靠嘴形来记忆。

[θ]――外形像上下牙齿咬着舌头;[ð]――外形则像舌头顶在上下牙齿之间。

而[ʃ]和[ʒ]这两个音标，则可以找到近似的拼音来作为谐音。

[ʃ]――谐音为：嘘(xu);嘘，这里有条很长的蛇，赶快保持安静!

[ʒ]――谐音为：雨(yu);外形像3。今天下了3场大雨。

参考资料：

百度百科-音标

1、元音对应：

[a:] -- ar [ʌ] -- u

[æ] -- a [e] -- e

[i:] -- e [ɪ] -- i/y

[ə:] -- er/ir/ur [ə] -- a

[ɔ:] -- or [ɔ] -- o

[u:] 和 [u] -- oo/u

[ai] -- i/y [ei] -- a

[ɔi] -- oi/oy

[au] -- ou/ow

[əu] -- ow/oa/o

[ɛə] -- are/air

[iə] -- ere

[ɔə] -- ore

[uə] -- ure

[aiə] -- ire

2、辅音对应：

[b] -- b

[p] -- p

[t] -- t

[d] -- d

[f] -- f

[v] -- v

[k] -- k/c

[g] -- g

[l] -- l

[m] -- m

[n] -- n

[s] -- s

[z] -- z/s/ce

[j] -- y

[w] -- w

[dʒ] -- ge

[tʃ] -- ch

[ ʃ ] -- sh

[ʒ] -- s

[θ] -- th

[ð] -- th

[ŋ] -- ng

[r] -- r

[tr] -- tr

[dr] -- dr

[ts] -- ts

[dz] -- ds

扩展资料：

要掌握每一个国际音标的准确发音，见到一个音标符号就能准确认读发声，必须加强训练，加强实践练习。加强国际音标的读音训练，具体说应该做到这样几个方面：

1、听音训练：学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，也可以使用录音带反复听音。

2、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况。

3、注意比较，比较有两个方面，一是音标本身发音特点的异同比较，分清特色，避免混淆，比如/ʒ/和/ʃ/，/s/和/z/，注意其发音音色上的差别；二是注意普通话音素和外语或方言音素音色的差异，例如普通话的音素[p]、[k]、[t]与英语中的音素[b]、[g]、[d]的异同。

4、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。

参考资料：百度百科-音标

1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she me piece receive ceiling 2) 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) [] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heardterm her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood9) []字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) [] 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch 11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey 14) [ai] 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal17) [] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea19) [] 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecare20) [uε] 字母组合our ower hour tour flower shower 既然如此，就找个家教教一节课吧……

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